A yawancin girke-girke da aka samo albasarta.
A yanayi, akwai nau'o'in jinsuna, wasu daga cikinsu akwai edible.
Daga wannan labarin za ku koyi abin da ake nufi da baka, da agrotechnology na dasawa da kuma irin irin kulawa da ake bukata.
Shin kuna sani? Albasa slizun ya zarce dukan albarkatun da ke cikin abubuwan da aka gano.
Mene ne slizun albasa
Slyzun baka ne mai ganye, Ya kasance daga jinsin Albasa, iyali Onions. Ana cin abinci kawai matasa ne kawai. Za'a iya samun albasarta a kudu maso gabashin Asiya ta Tsakiya da CIS, a cikin tudu da kuma a kan dutsen dutsen.
Albasa slizun yi haƙuri sanyi da kyau kuma Yana son danshi sosai. Ana yada shi ta hanyar tsaba ko kwararan fitila, kuma za'a iya girma a kan wata mãkirci fiye da shekaru biyar.
Slizuna yana da kauri, fadi da ɗakin ganye wanda ke da ɗanɗanon dandano kuma yana da matukar damuwa. Har ila yau, an fitar da shi ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Ana tattara dukkanin ganye a cikin wata Rosette a cikin fan, kuma nisa daga kowane takarda yana kai har zuwa 2 cm.
An adana kwararan fitila a cikin kwari na albasa da isa har zuwa 2 cm a diamita. Suna ba da karfi sosai kuma suna girma da sauri. Rhizome, wanda za'a iya cinye, ya ƙunshi babban kayan samar da kayan abinci.
Bayan saukowa a shekara ta biyu, albasa zata fara furanni tare da umbrellas a siffar kwallon tare da furanni mai launin ruwan hoda.
Kullin fure yana da tauri da iko ya kai har zuwa 70 cm a tsawo. Rashin albasa albasa da tsire-tsire ya mike kafin bude laima, saboda haka an kira shi lalatawa.
Mafi mashahuri irin albasa slizuna
Jerin sunayen albarkatun albasa-Lizuna da suka fi shahara sun haɗa da Green, Dwarf, Laya da Jagora.
- Green Wannan iri-iri yana da lebur, babba, ƙananan kore ganye tare da tafarnuwa tafasa da kuma m dandano. Rhizome iko, tare da manyan kwararan fitila da high tushe. Ga daya yanke zaka iya samun 6 kg / sq. m An girma a wuri ɗaya har zuwa shekaru 6, kuma yana karuwa da tsaba. Daban-daban iri tsaye ga peronosporoza da tsatsa.
- Dwarf Wannan iri-iri na albasa slizuna an cinye sabo ne. Yana da tsakiyar kakar, kuma tsawon lokacin bunƙasa shine kwanaki 40. Its ganye suna haske kore tare da kakin zuma shafi. Suna girma zuwa 25 cm a tsawon kuma 1.5 cm a fadin. Da dandano iri ɗaya ne da na Green iri-iri. Ya ƙunshi 8.7% sugar, 4% ascorbic acid da 100 g na raw kayan. Ga daya yanke ka sami 1.5 kg / sq. m. Wannan nau'in yana jurewa hunturu.
- Jagora Albasa-slizun na sa jagorancin jagorancin kakar wasa. Lokacin girma na ganye don dacewa - kwanaki 40. Ganye suna fadi, lebur, kore mai haske da waxy shafi. Abin dandano yana da zafi sosai tare da tafarnin tafarnuwa. Don daya yanke, zaka iya samun 2 kg / sq. m
- Charm. Ya kamata a yi amfani da iri-iri iri iri. Lokacin fasalin yana kwanaki 40. Bar girma har zuwa 2 cm a fadin kuma har zuwa 30 cm a tsawon. Su ne lebur da haske kore. Da dandano mai sauƙi ne. Ya ƙunshi sukari (5%), ascorbic acid (65 MG) da 100 g na ɗanye. Ga daya yanke akwai damar samun 2 kg / sq. m
Zabi wurin da za a dasa shlizuna albasa a kan mãkirci
Zai fi kyau shuka albasa slizun a watan Mayu ko Yuli. Za ku sami girbi mai kyau idan kun dasa slizun a kan muni mai laushi da ƙasa. Suna buƙatar saurin fitar da su, kuma kafin dasa shuki don yin humus ko juya juyawa. A cikin bazara muna bayar da shawarar ƙara 1 tbsp. l takin mai magani don tafarnuwa da urea. Amma tun da albasarta na da sanyi ga sanyi da sanyi, za ka iya samun wuri a gare shi, ka maida hankalin waɗannan dalilai.
Predecessors ga albasa slizuna
Don mai kyau da kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa, muna ba da shawarar ka shuka albasa slizun a cikin ƙasa bayan kabeji da tumatir. Zai iya zo daga ƙasar cucumbers, radishes ko dankali.
Ana shirya gadaje don saukowa slizuna
Ana yin shiri na gari kafin shuka albasa-slick akan tsaba ko albasa. Dole a yi la'akari da ƙasa a hankali. Ana yin digiri mai zurfi don kawo kwayoyin halitta cikin ƙasa. Suna da kyau su daɗa ci gaban albasa.
Ba lallai ba ne don takin albasarta da gyaran ma'adinai, amma idan ƙasa ba ta da kyau, to sai ya fi kyau amfani da su. Kafin shuka, dole ne a kara ƙasa sannan a kara da shi. Wannan zai taimakawa tsaba da kwararan fitila ba don tallafawa ba. Ba'a buƙaci a yi amfani da gadaje a fadi, tun da za ka iya samun karin yawan amfanin ƙasa a kan kunkuntar furrows.
Girman shuka da zurfin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa
A fasaha na girma albasa slizuna daga tsaba fara da shuka. An gudanar da shi a tsakiyar watan Mayu. Idan ƙasa ba ta da dumi sosai, ya fi kyau a sa tsaba a cikin furrows da aka shirya a zurfin 1 cm. Tsarin shuka shi ne guda-jere tare da jeri na jeri 70 cm. Zurfin saukowa na tsaba - 1,5 cm.
Bayan dasa shuki tsaba, kasar gona ta buƙaci a kara kara, kuma idan tsire-tsire ya fi karfi, ya kamata a kwantar da su, barin 1 seedling a kowace 15 cm. Distance tsakanin layuka ya kamata 40 cm, kuma tsakanin bushes 15 cm.
Shin kuna sani? Lokacin da suka yi wa Masarawa lalata, sun yi rantsuwar rantsuwar gaskiya kawai, suna ɗora hannunsu a kan baka.
Hanyar kulawa da aikin noma da albasa-slizuna
Kuna hukunta ta bayanin, ba haka ba ne da wuya a kula da slizun. Babban abu - m watering da hadi na kasar gona.
Regular watering
Idan kuna so ku sami ganye mai dadi da m, to, kuna buƙatar ruwa da albasarta akai-akai. Zai jure wa fari sosai, rike da danshi a cikin kasa. Duk da haka, watering zai inganta yanayinsa kuma kara yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Ajiyewa da weeding tsakanin layuka
A farkon shekara ta rayuwa, sau da yawa yana buƙatar sassauta ƙasa kuma cire weeds. Suna hana ci gaban matasa. A cikin shekara ta biyu na rayuwa a cikin bazara, kana buƙatar cirewa ploskorezom kuma lokacin da kake kara kara humus da ash a cikin hanya.
Ciyar da albasarta
Slyzun yana son ƙarancin taki. Dole ne a kawo riguna a cikin bazara da hunturu, bayan haka ya kamata a rufe injin.
Alal misali, a lokacin rani, nau'o'i biyu na taki za su dace da takin mai magani. A abun da ke ciki na taki - 1 tbsp. l Lita 10 na ruwa. Ko kuma zaka iya yin wadannan mafita bisa tushen humus: bayani na mullein 1: 8, tsuntsaye na tsuntsaye 1:20, tsirrai na ganye 1: 5.
Girbi
Yayin da kake girma da slizuna albarkatun 'ya'yan itace a farkon shekara ta rayuwa, ba za ka sami girbi mai kyau ba, saboda ganye bazai yi amfani da shi ba saboda rashin abun ciki na gina jiki a cikinsu. A shekara ta uku na rayuwa, zasu zama mafi kyau, mai dadi da dadi. A cikin lokacin dumi, zaka iya yanka albasa har zuwa sau 7.
Dole a yanke karshen karshe a watan Agusta. Wannan zai ba da damar shuka don karba kafin sanyi sanyi. Ganye na albasa yafi kyau a yanka a bushe. An saka su a cikin jaka a filastik, sa'an nan kuma an kashe su. Ana iya adana zaitun cikin firiji don kwanaki 20. Idan kun tara albasarta tare da albasa da clod na ƙasa, to, ya fi dacewa don adana su cikin ɗakunan ajiya a cikin kwalaye.
Shin kuna sani? Albasa yana taimakawa wajen rasa nauyi tare da amfanin lafiyar jiki.
Menene amfani da albasa slizuna
Slizun yana da yawa kaddarorin masu amfani.
Ya ƙunshi mai yawa salts, bitamin da ma'adanai. A ganye suna da sukari, carotene, bitamin PP, B1, B2, potassium, nickel, baƙin ƙarfe, manganese, kazalika da ascorbic acid.
A kwan fitila ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu filastik, mai mai mahimmanci, bitamin E, C da rukuni B, da flavonoids.
Albasa slizun ya kashe kwayoyin cututtuka a jikin jiki, yana ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafi. Ya ƙunshi glucose da polysaccharides fiye da apples ko pears.
Albasa slizun an yi amfani dashi wajen maganin cututtukan gastrointestinal irin su gastritis da ciki ulcers. Gaskiyar ita ce, albasarta ta ƙunshi abubuwa masu yawan mucous.
Albasa mai tsami suna bugu da ci kuma suna taimakawa wajen inganta abinci.
Sauran hanyoyin da za a shuka albasa slizuna
Albasa za a iya girma ba kawai ta hanyar tsaba da aka dasa a cikin ƙasa ba, amma ta hanyar seedlings, kuma tare da taimakon kwararan fitila.
Shuka seedlings
Albasa za a iya girma ta hanyar seedlings. Idan kana zaune a yankuna inda rani ke takaice, to, seedlings suna da kyau. Wannan hanya zai gaggauta cigaban albasa, kuma ana iya yanke ganye a gaban lokaci.
Shuka tsaba da aka samar a tsakiyar Fabrairu. Don yin wannan kana buƙatar shirya ƙasa. Cakuda a cikin ƙasa ya kunshi wadannan abubuwa - sod ƙasar da humus a daidai rabbai. Zaku iya ƙara takin sieved tare da vermiculite.
Kafin shuka, kana buƙatar wanke ƙasa a cikin microwave (minti 3-5). Yi shi mafi kyau a cikin makonni biyu. Haka ma yana yiwuwa a shayar da ƙasa tare da karfi bayani na potassium permanganate. Bayan haka, tukunya da ƙasa ya kamata a rufe ta da fim kuma a gudanar da shi a wuri mai dumi kafin shuka.
Yana da muhimmanci! Lokacin sayen tsaba, duba ranar karewa.Kafin shuka, kana buƙatar saka tsaba a cikin jakar gauze kuma rage shi tsawon minti 45 cikin bayani na potassium permanganate (1 g potassium permanganate da lita 1 na ruwa). Bayan an shuka tsaba a tsawon sa'o'i 18 a cikin wani bayani "Epin" don ingantaccen shuka. Sa'an nan kuma an bushe su zuwa flowability.
Za ku iya tafiya ta wata hanya. Kwanaki 14 kafin shuka tsaba zasu buƙaci a cikin baturin baturi. Kafin su shuka, to har yanzu ana cike su, wanke su kuma sun bushe.
A lokacin da girma albasa albasa, amfani da kwalaye ko cassettes tare da sel. An zuba cakuda ƙasa cikin su kuma aka shuka a kowace tantanin kwayoyi 4. A cikin akwati kana buƙatar lalata tsaba a nesa da 1 cm daga juna sannan kuma yayyafa su da wani Layer na ƙasa (kauri 7 cm). Land ya kamata a guga man da kuma fesa tare da bayani daga Energen (15 saukad da ta 250 ml na ruwa).
Akwatin dole ne a rufe shi da tsare da kuma sanya shi cikin wuri mai duhu. A zafin jiki na 20 ° C da farko zafin zai bayyana a cikin kwanaki 5.
Hanyar kayan lambu
Za'a iya ganin wani zaɓi na kiwo don albasarta. Yi shi a watan Agusta ko farkon Satumba. A wannan lokaci, injin zai kara karfi kuma zai kasance a shirye don sanyi.
Wajibi ne don mirgine albarkatun albasa-slizuna kuma raba su cikin sassa daban daban don samun albasa 4-5 a kan sassan tushen asali.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tsire-tsire masu dacewa da rarraba shi ne akalla shekaru 3.Bayan rarraba albasa da aka shuka a wurare daban-daban kuma ya girma kamar yadda ya saba. A nisa tsakanin layuka - 50 cm, kuma tsakanin shuke-shuke - 25 cm.
Shuka albasa slizuna a cikin hunturu
Yana yiwuwa a shuka albasa slizun daga tsaba ko kwararan fitila da kuma a cikin hunturu. Yi shi mafi kyau a cikin gine-gine, a duk shekara don jin dadi mai dadi mai ban sha'awa na ganyen shuka.
Albasa ana shuka su ne a watan Oktoba. Muna bada shawara ku yi amfani da akwatinan filastik don saka su a saman juna. Bayan makonni 2, dole a tura kwalaye zuwa ginin.
Don haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa, dole ne a narke kwararan fitila a cikin ruwa mai dumi na tsawon sa'o'i 12, sa'an nan kuma ya bushe kuma ya yanke wuyansa. Sa'an nan kuma an rufe su da kullun kwanaki 4. Yanayin iska a cikin greenhouse ya zama 20 ° C. Ruwa da tsire-tsire na bukatar lokaci 1 a cikin kwanaki 10. Bayan kwanaki 20, za a fara fitowa da farko.
Ka sani ku ne? Matakan da suke a kan raƙuman wuri, wanda ake kira Donets.Slyzun baka ya dace da girma, kuma kula da shi yana da sauki. Idan kana son samun ganye a duk shekara, yi amfani da jagororinmu masu girma kuma mu ji daɗin girbi.
