An san nau'ikan ceri mai ruwan zhukovskaya tun daga ƙarshen 40s na ƙarni na ƙarshe saboda godiya ga aikin ma'aikata na Cibiyar Nazarin Jini da na asali. Mikurina. A lokacin da kiwo Zhukovskaya yi amfani da varietal tsaba daga pollination kyauta. Yin hukunci ta hanyar bincike, kwatanci da sake dubawa, cherries sun wuce "iyayen" a cikin yawan amfanin ƙasa da dandano. A yau, an ƙirƙiri sabbin nau'ikan haɓakawa akan tushen Zhukovskaya, amma har yanzu wannan ceri ya shahara kuma masu lambu suna girmama shi.
Bayanin cherries Zhukovskaya
Bishiyar Cherryan itacen tsirrai masu matsakaici ne. Har ila yau, kwayar Zhukovskaya ba banda ba ce: tsayin itacen ya kai mita 2.5-3. Thewancin da ke yaduwa na matsakaici yana da nau'i mai zagaye. Ganyen kore mai duhu duhu tare da ƙananan denticles tare da gefuna suna kan doguwar fenti mai launin shuɗi-ja. Siffar ganyayyaki tana da yawa, suna kama da jirgin ruwan da ke ɗaukar hoto.
Ganga da rassa masu launin ja. A buds suna matsakaici-sized, oblong, basu dace da tam akan harbe ba. Furanni masu farar fata sun isa 3 cm, mai 5 a ciki inflorescence. Manyan fruitsa fruitsan itace masu kama da zuciya waɗanda ke yin la'akari daga 4 zuwa 7 g an ɗaure su a kan rassan bouquet. Berry yana da nama mai taushi mai ɗanɗano tare da ɗanɗano dan kadan abin tunawa da cherries.
Itace ya fara yin itace a shekara ta 4. Cherry yana ba da mafi yawan amfanin ƙasa yana da shekaru 15 - to zaka iya tattarawa zuwa kilogiram na 30 na berries. Matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa shine 12 kg.
'Ya'yan itãcen ceri suna da babban kashin, yana da kyau daga ɓangaren litattafan almara
Riesanyen Zhukovskaya nau'ikan yanayin sanyi ne na matsakaici; ba a yin niyya don namo wurare ba lokacin sanyi da matsanancin yanayi. Furen fure na iya mutuwa a yanayin zafi da ke ƙasa 0game daC. A lokacin sanyi mai tsawo, har da daskare na itace.
Idan kuna zaune a cikin yankin mai sanyi, yana da ma'ana a dasa bishiyoyi masu ryan girma tare da karuwar lokacin hunturu, irin su Amorel da wuri ko kuma takin zamani na Mikurina.
Rage bishiyoyi da hanyoyin pollination
Zhukovskaya yana buƙatar maƙasudin pollinating. Wannan shine yanayin da ake bukata don cin nasara. Ba tare da shi ba, itaciyar za ta faranta maka ido kawai da furanni masu dusar ƙanƙara, kuma ba berries mai laushi ba. A cikin rashin ɗaukar hoto na Zhukovsky na kai, furanni sun kasa fitar da pollen nasu, saboda haka suna buƙatar taimakon dangin furanni. A wannan yanayin, ana aiwatar da pollination ta amfani da iska da kwari. Kwalliyar da ta dace don cherries na wannan nau'ikan sune Vladimirskaya, Lyubskaya, Apukhtinskaya, Molodezhnaya. Ba sa buƙatar a dasa su a yankin nasu - ya isa su girma kuma su ba da amfani a cikin maƙwabta na ƙasar.
Idan babu pollinators na kusa, kuma yankin gonar ba zai ba ku damar saya da dasa wata itaciya ba, zaku iya dasa reshen da yakamata a kambi na itacen. A cikin matsanancin yanayi, ƙulla wani kwalban filastik kwalban a jikin akwati, a zuba ruwa a saka a cikin furannin fure na rassan furannin da ake so.
Dasa cherries
Zai fi kyau sayi 'ya'yan itacen ceri a cikin fall - a wannan lokacin na shekara akwai ƙarin zaɓi na' ya'yan itace itatuwa. Koyaya, ya fi dacewa yin shuka a cikin ƙasa a cikin bazara, tunda akwai yiwuwar cewa a faɗo tsire-tsire ba zai da lokaci don ɗauka tushe kafin yanayin sanyi mai santsi ya tashi. An sanya seedling da aka saya a cikin fall a cikin kwana na 45game da a cikin rami mara zurfi, rufe Tushen tare da kwali, takardar takarda ko rag, ƙara shi a ƙasa kuma adana shi ta wannan hanyar har sai lokacin shuka.
Kuna iya barin seedlings har ma a cikin cellar sanyi har sai sun sauka a cikin ƙasa, amma har yanzu yana da kyau a kare tushen daga lalacewa na inji da bushewa.
Saplings sayi a cikin fall, kana buƙatar tono
Mafi dacewa watan da dasa shuki a Zhukovskaya shine Afrilu. An zaɓi wurin tare da kyakkyawar damar zuwa hasken rana, ana samun iska mai sauƙi. Zurfin ruwan karkashin kasa - aƙalla 2 m. Domin ingantacciyar dasa ceri da ake buƙata:
- Zaɓi ƙananan ƙwayoyin da suka dace da yankin ku. Zai fi kyau ka sayi su a tashoshin kiwo ko a wuraren kiwo. Cheraukan curi a cikin makwabta maƙwabta ba zai samar da girbi mai kyau ba. A cikin matsanancin yanayi, zaɓi abu wanda ya yi nisa daga gangar jikin - tsarin sa ya fi ƙarfin ƙarfi kuma mafi dorewa. Kada kayi amfani da harbe daga itacen da aka liƙe - duk ƙoƙarin zai zama banza, samun wasan daji kawai.
Zabi seedlings wanda ya dace da yankin ku
- Tono rami har zuwa zurfin 0.5 m, zurfin cm 80. Girma ya dogara da ainihin girman tsarin tushen shuka. Idan ƙasa ta acidic ce, ƙara gari dolomite ko ash na itace. Idan kuna shirin dasa Zhukovskaya akan yumbu ko ƙasan loamy, ƙara rabin guga da yashi.
Narkar da rami, mayar da hankali kan girman tushen tsarin seedling
- Sanya tushen seedling a cikin rami domin tushen wuyansa bai fi matakin ƙasa ba. A hankali yada Tushen, gujewa wuce haddi da mayuka.
- Rufe Tushen tare da topsoil gauraye da superphosphate da takin gargajiya. Pora daga ƙasa a ɗauka da sauƙi kuma kula da ramin gangar jikin. Zuba sapling tare da ruwa mai tsafta: Lita 15-20 zai isa. Bayan yin ciyawa, ciyawa yankin a kusa da akwati tare da sawdust.
Ruwa matasa saplings tare da tsaftataccen ruwa
- Idan itace yana buƙatar tallafi, ƙara tare da shi wani bututu, ƙarfafa ko fegi kuma ƙarfafa ceri na gaba tare da waya mai taushi ko igiya a wurare biyu. Madadin haka, ana tura turakun guda biyu kuma an sanya seedling a bangarorin biyu. An haƙa tallafin zuwa zurfin rabin mita, ya kamata ya kasance ƙarƙashin itacen.
Fasali na namowa da kuma laifofin kulawa
Kula da cherries Zhukovskaya ba ya bambanta sosai da kula da sauran itatuwan 'ya'yan itace ba. Duk mazaunan gonar suna buƙatar shayarwar lokaci, namo da kayan miya.
Watering da loosening
Cherry - inji shi ne quite fari m, amma dace watering ba zai cutar da shi:
- ana aiwatar da ruwa na farko a lokaci guda tare da kayan miya, kai tsaye bayan fure;
- na biyu - a lokacin lokacin saukar da berries;
- hunturu watering ne yake aikata bayan faduwa da ganye a tsakiyar Nuwamba.
Yawan ban ruwa na iya bambanta gwargwadon yawan ruwan sama, yanayin ƙasa, girman itacen da shekarun sa.
Daga bazara zuwa kaka, gangar jikin 2-3 ya wadatar, kuma kafin ruwa na ƙarshe, ana amfani da takin mai magani, kuma an haƙa ƙasa kusa da gangar jikin zuwa zurfin shebur.
Manyan miya
Shekaru 4 na farko, ana amfani da takin nitrogen sau biyu a kowace kakar: nan da nan bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke kuma a lokacin bunƙasa m. Sannan suna ciyar da urea ko nitonium nitrate (50-60 g ga kowane itace). Ana amfani da takin mai magani na phosphorus a cikin kaka kafin tono (a cikin rabo na 3: 1).
Kyakkyawan ciyarwa zai zama jiko na mullein tare da ash itace: ɗaukar girman 60-80 l, ƙara guga na ɗanyar saniya, 2 kilogiram na ash, zuba buhuna 5-6 na ruwa kuma nace har sati guda. Zuwa ruwa, tsarma da takin da aka samo tare da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1: 5 kuma amfani a ƙarƙashin wata itaciya (20-30 l) a cikin lokacin girma da 'ya'yan itace.
Irin wannan abinci mai gina jiki zai zama da amfani ba kawai don cherries ba, har ma ga kowane bishiyoyi.
Bidiyo: Ka'idodin kayan ceri mai sauƙi
Babban hanyoyin magance cututtukan da masu tallata su
Ganyayyaki, harbe matasa da 'ya'yan itatuwa na iya shafar shan holey (kleasterosporiosis). Marasa lafiya sassan itacen yana rufe da launin shuɗi-launin ruwan kasa. A tsawon lokaci, ganyayyaki sun juzuɗe, kuma da berries rasa bayyanar bayyanar su fadi a kashe. Don yin yaƙi ta hanyar amfani da kwayoyi waɗanda ke ɗauke da jan ƙarfe. Kwana 10-14 bayan fure, ana kula da bishiyun da 3% Bordeaux ruwa ko 1% HOM fungicide. Lokacin aiwatarwa, bi abin da ya dace da kuma shawarwarin da aka ƙayyade a cikin umarnin.
Lokacin da lalatar launin toka, ganye da matasa harbe bushe, da raunuka shafukan kama aibobi daga zafi konewa. Nan da nan, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari da ganyayyaki ba su murƙushewa, amma spores ya rufe da murfin launin toka. Ana gudanar da aikin ta hanyar amfani da sulfate baƙin ƙarfe (150 g da lita 5 na ruwa), shirye-shiryen HOM (20 MG a kowace lita 5 na ruwa) ko kuma 3% na maganin Bordeaux. Rassa, ganye da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu rai da aka shafa an tsaftace su sosai kuma ana ƙone su.
Zhukovskaya sake tsayayya da cututtukan fungal, musamman coccomycosis, amma ba shi da kariya daga kwari na bishiyoyi.
Tebur: Karin kwari da Hanyoyi
| Karin kwari | Alamun rashin nasara | Matakan sarrafawa da hana rigakafi |
| Cherry tashi | Idan lalacewar wani ceri tashi, da berries rasa launi, da kuma lalata crumble. Yakan girma na kwari su ɗanɗuwa ɓangaren litattafan almara. |
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| Garkuwar Californian | Lalacewa kowane ɓangaren itacen: gangar jikin, ganye, rassan da 'ya'yan itatuwa. Tana ciyar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Ana lura da jan tabo a kan 'ya'yan itatuwa, gangar jikin bishiyar ta karye, ganye da rassa sun mutu. Kwaro ne mai keɓewa. |
|
| Slim slimy sawfly | Sawfly yana da sifofin na maza biyu. Zamani biyu ke faruwa a cikin shekara guda. Larvae sun sami damar cinye wani ɓangaren ganye na ganye, suna barin kwarangwal ɗaya, wanda ke haifar da mutuwar mahimmin sashi na kambin itacen. |
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Hoton Hoto: Cutar Kwari da Karin kwari
- Hakanan ana kiranta Kleasterosporiosis.
- Grey rot sa berries ba a amfani da shi
- Larfuna na Sawfly na iya kwace itacen babban ɓangare na kambi
- Cherry tashi lays larvae cewa ku ci sama ɓangaren litattafan almara na berries
Bidiyo: yadda za'a magance cherries daga cututtuka
Ra'ayoyi game da nau'ikan cherries Zhukovskaya
Zhukovskaya - mai zaki, baƙi mai duhu, girman Matasa. Ba na son cewa berries ɗin sun nuna kuma an rufe su da duhu maraƙi (watakila ita ce ta cutar da ni). An buga
Qwert12031958//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/46170/page-73
My Zhukovskaya ya yi sanyi a wannan lokacin hunturu (wanda aka dasa a lokacin bazarar 2010). Shuka ya fara ne kawai a cikin fall. A kan tsiro, karfi da daskarewa na itace (cambium ya kasance da rai, cibiyar launin ruwan kasa, karya sauƙin). Ba bloomed. Yanzu yana ba da "sa'ar" da aka samu. Ba mafi yawan hunturu-Hardy iri-iri, don sanya shi a hankali, kamar Turgenevka.
Yanina Vasiliev//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?f=37&t=1148&start=900&view=print
Ina da Zhukovskaya, amma har yanzu saurayi, bai yi fure ko da sau ɗaya ba. Na saya saboda dalilai na nagarta da launi na cherries - kusan baki, babba.
Ekaterina Beltyukova//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=1148
Cherry Zhukovskaya kyakkyawan wakilin zaɓin cikin gida ne. Itace ba ta nemi kusanci ga kanta ba, amma har yanzu kuna gamsar da wasu bukatu. Minimumarancin aikin da aka saka, kuma ceri zai farantawa gardenersan lambu masu aiki tuƙuru tare da kyawawan berries waɗanda zasu roƙi kowa.
