Pear Moskvichka: "kadan abu ne"

Pear yana daya daga cikin tsoffin albarkatun gona. 'Yan Adam sun kirkiro da dubban ire-iren wannan bishiyar. Yana da wuya a kewaya a cikin wannan teku na bayanai. Bambancin Moskvichka yana daya daga cikin abubuwan da suka zama ruwan dare a cikin Tsakiyar Rasha, musamman a Moscow da Yankin Moscow. Fara sanin shi sosai.

Bayanin sa

An samo shi a cikin 1979 a Kwalejin Noma ta Moscow ta hanyar hanyar ba da izinin pollination na wani tsohon Baƙin Ba'amurke na Kiffer iri-iri. Muscovite ya zarce iyaye akan ɗanɗano 'ya'yan itatuwa da dammar hunturu, wanda aka karɓa daga gare shi farkon balaga, yawan aiki, kaka. An haɗa nau'ikan a cikin Rijistar Jiha a cikin 2001 kuma an yi zirga-zirga a cikin Tsakiyar Volga, Volga-Vyatka da yankuna na Tsakiya An bazu ko'ina cikin Moscow da yankin na Moscow.

Free pollination wata hanya ce ta kiwo wacce ake amfani da 'ya'yan itace daga zuriya iri iri na iyaye, ana iya fitar da su ƙudan zuma. Wannan ita ce mafi sauƙin hanyar zaɓi tare da sakamakon da ba a iya faɗi.

A iri-iri na da matsakaici-sized misali itace tare da m conical kambi, wanda aka kafa ta oblique-a tsaye kwarangwal rassan tare da haske launin toka haushi. Haɓaka harbe yana da matsakaici. Abin takaici, ba zai yiwu a samu ba a cikin maɓuɓɓugan - a kan wane nau'in kututtukan da ke kawo ƙarshen Moskvichka ke ba da 'ya'ya. Hardness na hunturu na iri-iri shine matsakaici, ƙarshen latin. A iri na da kyau rigakafi zuwa scab da 'ya'yan itace rot. Babban balaga idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan pears - a shekara ta uku da ta huɗu bayan dasa, zaku iya dogaro da amfanin gona na farko. Ikon yin pollination ba ya nan. Mafi kyawun pollinators ga Muscovites sune pears na iri Lyubimitsa Yakovleva da Bergamot Moscow.

Pear Muscovite lokacin amfani kaka - dangane da kakar, 'ya'yan itaciyar sun fara daga farko har zuwa ƙarshen Satumba. Shedding 'ya'yan itace mai rauni ne. Yawan aiki ya tabbata, matsakaici. Treeaya daga cikin itace yana samar da kimanin kilo 35 na 'ya'yan itace; a kan ma'aunin masana'antu, yawan amfanin ƙasa shine 126.5 c / ha. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari an adana su tsawon kwanaki 25-30, kuma bisa ga VNIISPK (Cibiyar Duk-Rasha don zaɓin psa Croan )a )an), ana iya adana kwanaki 80-100 a 0 ° C, matsakaita jigilar kaya.

'Ya'yan itãcen marmari area'yan itãcen marmari ne cikakke conical da fadi da yawa a cikin heterogeneous size. Matsakaicin nauyin 'ya'yan itace guda shine 130 grams. Launin fata lokacin da aka cire shi mai launin rawaya mai launin shuɗi, tare da yawancin ƙanana, ɗigo-ɗigo masu ƙarancin rubutu. Sau da yawa akwai ainihin ƙarfi tsatsa, wani lokacin akwai rauni, kawai m zama ja. Fata yana da bakin ciki, mai yawa, mai mai. Nama farar fata ce mai launin fari, mai-ruwa, mai-mai-kyau, mai-grained. Dandano mai daɗi-mai daɗi, mai daɗi, tare da ƙanshin pear mai ƙarfi. Nunin 'ya'yan itacen yana da kyau, maƙasudin gama gari ne, iri-iri na amfani ne na kasuwanci.

Launin fata a cikin pearcocoite na lu'u-lu'u lokacin da aka tsince shi launin kore-rawaya ne, tare da yawancin ,ananan, masu ɗigon rubutu na ƙwallon ƙafa.

Dasa pear iri-iri Moskvichka

Kirki zai yi girma ya kuma ba da fruitaantlyan itace da yawa kawai idan an ƙirƙiri yanayi mai kyau don ita. Lu'u-lu'u kowane irin zai ji daɗi a kan ƙaramin kudu ko kudu maso yamma, ana iya kiyaye shi daga arewa ko arewa maso gabas daga iska mai sanyi. Irin wannan kariyar na iya zama bishiyoyi masu tsayi, shinge ko bango na ginin. Wajibi ne a dasa shuhu a wani ɗan nesa daga waɗannan shingen don kada ya bayyana a cikin inuwa mai zurfi. Lu'u-lu'u yana ƙaunar rana kuma zai yi fure kawai cikin haske. A cikin wurare masu lalacewa da kuma wurare tare da kusancin wuri na ruwan karkashin kasa, pear ba zai yi girma ba - yana da babban jan hankali wajen cire tushen da tushe. A kasar gona ya kamata sako-sako da kuma drained. A cikin kayan haɗin, ƙasa mai wadata a cikin humus sun fi dacewa; a kan yashi mara kyau da yashi na loamy, za'a iya girma pear ta hanyar dasa manyan ramuka (1-1.5 m³) kundin cike da wadataccen abinci mai gina jiki. Acidity na ƙasa ya kamata ya kasance a cikin kewayon pH 5.5-6, yana yiwuwa kuma pH 4.2-4.4, amma a kan alkaline pears yana ciwo da sauri kuma ba zai iya girma ba. Ya kamata a lura da tazara tsakanin bishiyoyi masu kusa a cikin mita 4-4.5, kuma tsakanin layin kada ya zama ƙasa da mita 5. Tare da wannan tsarin shuka, za'a sami iska mai kyau da kuma hasken rawanin bishiya, haka kuma za'a kirkiro yanayi don dacewa da kiyayewa da girbi.

Ya kamata a lura da tazara tsakanin bishiyoyi masu kusa a cikin mita 4-4.5, kuma tsakanin layin kada ya zama ƙasa da mita 5

A yankuna inda aka dasa pear a Moscow, kawai farkon dasa shuki na dasa ya karɓa. Bishiyoyi da aka dasa a cikin kaka, a matsayin mai mulkin, basu da lokacin yin tushe da girma da ƙarfi - a sakamakon haka, ba za su iya tsira daga hunturu su mutu. A lokacin bazara, sun zabi lokacin da kwararar ruwan bazara bai fara ba, amma ƙasa ta riga ta ɗora sosai kuma buds yana gab da fara girma. Lokacin dasa, shuka ya kamata ya kasance a cikin yanayi mai wahala.

Seedlings tare da rufaffiyar tsarin za a iya dasa a kowane lokaci - daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba.

Seedlings tare da rufaffiyar tsarin za a iya dasa a kowane lokaci - daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba

Gardenerswararrun lambu ba su jinkirta sayo untilan seedlings ba har sai lokacin bazara. Sun san cewa mafi kyawun zaɓi na kayan dasa shine a cikin fall. A wannan lokacin, masu gandun daji suna haƙa seedlings na siyarwa, kuma a cikin bazara za su sayar da abin da ya ragu. Babban ka'idojin zabar seedling shine shekaru da yanayin tushen tsarin. Shekarun da aka ba da shawarar sune shekara daya zuwa biyu. A wani lokacin tsufa, bishiyoyi suna ɗaukar mummunan rauni kuma daga baya suna ɗaukar 'ya'yan itace. Wannan doka ba ta amfani da seedlings tare da tushen rufaffiyar tushe. Tushen yakamata ya ci gaba da yaduwa, ba tare da ci gaba ba. A kan kututture da rassan, haushi ya kamata ya zama mai santsi, lafiya, ba tare da fasa da lalacewa ba.

Tushen tushen seedling ya kamata a inganta shi sosai, ba tare da ci gaba ba da kuma cones

Kafin bazara, da seedling ya kamata a haƙa a gonar domin ya kiyaye. Wannan tsari mai sauki kamar haka:

1. Tono karamin rami a cikin ƙasa game da mita mai tsayi da zurfin mita 0.3-0.4.
2. Ana zuba wani yashi a ƙasan.
3. Tushen seedling ana tsoma shi a cikin maganin mullein da yumbu tare da daidaituwar ruwan kirim mai tsami (abin da ake kira talker) da bushe kaɗan. Irin wannan murfin zai hana Tushen bushewa.
4. Adana seedling a hankali. Ana sanya Tushen a kan yashi, kuma an sanya saman a gefen ramin.
5. Sun cika tushen yashi kuma su shayar da shi.
6. Lokacin da sanyi ya zo, sun cika ramin da duniya zuwa saman, suna barin saman bishiyar a saman.
   

   Sapling kafin bazara ya kamata a haƙa a gonar saboda yana da kyau kiyaye.

Hakanan zaka iya ajiye seedling a cikin ginin a zazzabi na 0 zuwa +5 ° C, ƙirƙirar yanayi mai laushi ga asalinsu.

Hakanan ya kamata a shirya rami rami a cikin fall. Wannan muhimmin mataki ne kuma ya kamata a kula da shi da gaske. Tabbas, idan an aiwatar da ƙasa akan ƙasa baƙar fata mai wadata a cikin humus, to batun batun ramin ramin bai dace ba. Amma a matsayin mai mulkin, irin waɗannan yanayi suna da wuya. Saboda haka, kuna buƙatar yin haka:

1. Tono rami 70-80 santimita zurfi. A diamita na iya zama 80-100 santimita. A kan kasa mai yashi, ana yin waɗannan girma dabam har ma da girma. Idan babba na ƙasa ya kasance m - ana iya ajiye su don amfani a nan gaba.
2. A kan kasa mai nauyi, ya kamata a samar da magudanar ruwa. Don yin wannan, ana zubar da murfin bulo, tsakuwa ko tubalin da ya fashe a ƙarshen ramin. Kauri Layer - 10-15 santimita. A kan kasa mai yashi, maimakon magudanar ruwa, an dage farawa da yumɓu don ɗaukar ruwa.
3. Shirya cakuda abinci mai gina jiki. Don yin wannan, ɗauki chernozem (zaka iya amfani da ƙasa mai dausayi, adana lokacin da aka haƙa rami), peat, humus da yashi. Ana ɗaukar waɗannan kayan aikin a cikin daidaitattun sassa. Sa'an nan kuma ƙara 300-400 grams na superphosphate, 3-4 lita na itace ash kuma haɗu da kyau.
4. Sun cika ramin tare da cakuda abinci mai gina jiki a saman kuma suna rufe shi da kayan rufin ko fim don ruwa mai narkewa ba ya wanke abubuwan da ke motsa jiki.
   

   Ramin cike da cakuda abinci mai gina jiki a saman

Matakan-mataki-mataki don dasa pear Moskvichka

Idan lokacin ya yi, sai su fara dasa pear:

1. Ana ɗaukar seedling daga wurin ajiya kuma an sa ido. Idan akwai tushen lalatattu da bushe - yanke su.
2. A cikin sa'o'i da yawa, Tushen cikin ruwa yana narkewa tare da ƙari na Heteroauxin, Kornevin, Epin ko wani haɓakar haɓakawa da kuma tushen tushe.
3. Bude ramin saukar da saukar da wani ɓangare na ƙasa daga ciki don haka rami na isasshen girman da aka kafa a tsakiyar don sanya ƙwayar tushen tsarin a ciki.
4. 10cm santimitawa daga tsakiya suna fitar da gungumen katako (zaka iya amfani da bututu ko ƙarfe) tare da tsayi daidai da mita ɗaya sama da matakin ƙasa.
5. An zuba tarko a ƙasa sannan aka sanya seedling a kai, yana sanya tushen wuya a saman, Tushen yana daidaita tare da dutsen.
6. Daga nan sai suka cika ramin tare da cakuda kayan abinci masu gina jiki zuwa saman, yayin da suke ƙoƙarin yin rago a cikin yadudduka.
7. Bayan murƙushewa da tamping, tushen wuyan seedling ya zama 3-5 cm sama da matakin ƙasa. A nan gaba, bayan ban ruwa, ƙasa zata daidaita kuma tushen wuyansa zai faɗi zuwa matakin ƙasa - wannan shine abin da ake buƙata.
   

   Tushen tushe yakamata ya kasance a matakin ƙasa
8. Abu na gaba, kuna buƙatar samar da da'irar da ke kusa da ita, tare da yin rawar murɗa tare da ɗan kwalin ko kuma matukin jirgin sama tare da zurfin ramin saitin.
9. Ulla itacen gungumen da katako tare da kayan roba ta hanyar "takwas."
10. Suna sanyaya kasar gona da kyau domin ya yi daidai da tushe zuwa tushen kuma babu sinus ɗin iska da ya ragu a ciki.
    

    Bayan dasa, 'ya'yan itacen suna tasar da ƙasa sosai saboda ta dace da ƙarfi a cikin tushen kuma babu sintirin iska da ya ragu a ciki.

11. Bayan wani lokaci, lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe, an kwance shi kuma aka mulched tare da hay, humus, tsiren fure, da sauransu.
12. An yanke babban injin na tsakiya zuwa tsayi na 60-80 santimita, kuma an yanke rassan da rabi.

Fasali na namowa da kuma laifofin kulawa

Tabbas, don shuka kowace itaciya, kuna buƙatar yin ƙoƙari. Pear Moskvichka baya buƙatar barin wani abu mai ban mamaki. Domin ci gabanta, ya isa ya sami daidaitaccen ilimin fasaha na kayan aikin gona na amfanin gona na 'ya'yan itace.

Watse

Wannan muhimmin mataki na kulawa na pear ya ƙunshi a cikin ruwa na yau da kullun, tabbatar da danshi na dindindin ƙasa a yankin tushen. Yawancin ruwa yakan fara ne a lokacin bazara idan ba a cika samun ruwan sama da yawa a wannan lokacin. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana shayar da pear kafin fure, sannan a lokacin kakar tare da tazara tsakanin makonni 3-4. Yawan ruwan da aka cinye a wannan yanayin ya zama ya isa ya sanya kasar ta da'irar gangar jikin zuwa zurfin santimita 25-35. Sau da yawa, lambu, loosening kasar gona bayan na farko da ruwa, ciyawa shi tare da hay, humus, rotted sawdust, sunflower husk, da dai sauransu Daga baya a, ruwa itaciyar ta Layer na wannan ciyawa, ba tare da yin ƙarin loosening na kasar gona. Ya dace, yana ɓata lokaci da ƙoƙari. Kadai wasu lokuta kuna buƙatar saka idanu da yanayin ciyawa, saboda yana iya tattara slugs, grubs da sauran kwari. Bayan ganowa, ya kamata a tattara su a lalata. Yana da kyau a kwantar da da'irar gangar jikin daga ciyawa kuma ta bushe shi. Na gaba watering, zaku iya cigaba da mulching. Kar a manta da jan hankalin da pear din ke yi na juya tushen da tushe, yakamata a kare su da dauron earthen daga saduwa kai tsaye da ruwa a lokacin sha.

A kasar gona bayan watering ne mulched

Manyan miya

Wani muhimmin mataki na kulawa shine babban miya. Bayan haka, idan pear ba shi da isasshen abinci ko ruwa, yawanci yakan faɗakar da ovaries ko 'ya'yan itatuwa. Sabili da haka, bayan shekaru uku zuwa hudu bayan dasa shuki (har zuwa wannan lokacin, har yanzu akwai wadataccen abinci mai gina jiki da aka sanya a cikin rami na dasa), sun fara ƙarin aikace-aikacen taki.

Tebur: yaushe kuma yadda ake takin pear

Murmushi yayi

Wannan shi ne na uku, amma ba mafi ƙaranci ba, matakin kula da pear.

Pear kambi samuwar Muscovite

Saboda matsakaiciyar tsayi na bishiyar, yana da kyau a samar da kambi na Muscovite a matsayin kwano da aka inganta. Wannan hanyar tana ba ku damar haskaka ciki na kambi kuma ƙirƙirar iska mai kyau. Hakanan an sauƙaƙe kulawa da girbi. Yin aiwatar da irin wannan halitta ya fi sauƙi fiye da falle-falle. Koda mai fararen lambu zai iya yin wannan idan ya bi waɗannan umarni:

1. Muna tunatar da ku cewa ana yin matakin farko na yin forming yayin dasa shuki, kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama.
2. Shekaru 1-2 bayan dasawa, a farkon lokacin bazara kafin a fara kwarara ruwan itace, an zaɓi rassa masu ƙarfi 3-4 a kan akwati. Ya kamata su kasance daga juna a nesa na santimita 15-20 kuma girma cikin fuskoki daban-daban. Wadannan rassa zasu zama kwarangwal. An yanke su zuwa sulusin tsayi.
3. Duk sauran rassan an yanke su "cikin zobe."
4. An datse mai jagoran tsakiyar sama saman ginin reshe na saman kwarangwal.
5. Bayan wani shekara daya ko biyu, lokacin da rassan kwarangwal suka fara girma, ya kamata ku zaɓi rassa biyu na tsari na biyu akan kowane ɗayansu. Nisa tsakanin su ya kasance tsakanin santimita 50-60. Suna gajarta da 50%, kuma sauran rassan da suka girma akan kwarangwal ana cire su a cikin hanyar "akan zobe."
6. A wasu shekarun, ana kiyaye tsawon rassa a kusan wannan matakin. Ba dole ne a bar ɗayansu ya rinjayi ya ɗauka matsayin mai jagoran tsakiya ba - wannan wani lokaci yakan faru.
   

   Krona Moskvichki mafi kyawun tsari a cikin hanyar kwano da aka inganta

Daidaita cropping

Muscovite yana da yiwuwa ga lokacin farin ciki sosai. Sakamakon wannan fasalin, yana buƙatar thinning akai-akai na kambi. Zai yiwu, wannan ya zama dole a yi kowace bazara. A lokaci guda, an yanke wani ɓangare na rassan da ke girma a cikin kambi, yana haifar da iska mai kyau da haske. Amma ya kamata ku san gwargwadon - girki mai wuce gona da yawa yana hana wani ɓangare na amfanin gona, tunda furannin furanni ma ana kan su a cikin rassan ciki.

Bidiyo: Hanyar girkin Dmitry Reznikov

Amfanin gona

Don kula da fruiting a matakin da ya dace, ana buƙatar pruning mai ƙarfi. A lokacin bazara, a lokacin karuwa na harbe matasa, ana gajarta su da santimita 5-10, wanda ke haifar da bayyanar ƙarin rassa a kansu. A kan waɗannan rassan ne an dage farawar fure, waɗanda ke ba da girbi. Wannan hanya mai sauƙin amfani tana ba da sakamako mai kyau, amma ƙarin ƙwararrun lambu suna amfani da wata hanya dabam, wacce ta ƙunshi maye gurbin harbe da aka dasa tare da harbe-tsire. Wannan hanya ana amfani dashi sosai don pruning inabi.

Gardenerswararrun lambu suna amfani da hanyar, wanda ya ƙunshi maye gurbin harbe da aka hado tare da harbe-harbe

Tsabtace tsabtace

Wannan nau'in mafi sauƙi na pruning ya ƙunshi cire busassun bushe, marassa lafiya da lalace. Ku ciyar da shi a ƙarshen kaka, bayan dakatar da kwararar ruwan. Idan ya cancanta, maimaita raunuka a bazara.

Dokokin Shuki

Waɗannan ƙa'idodi suna aiki da kowane irin datsa. Dole ne a lura dasu don kada su cutar da itacen.

• Kuna buƙatar amfani da kayan aikin da aka kaɗa kawai (secateurs, delimbers, wukake, saws).
• Lokacin yin aiki, dole ne a lalata kayan aikin tare da maganin 1% na sulfate jan karfe (zaka iya amfani da hydrogen peroxide, barasa, da sauransu). Ba shi yiwuwa a yi amfani da kayayyakin mai don wannan - fetur, kerosene, sauran ƙarfi, da sauransu.
• Yanke rassa gaba ɗaya, ba za ku iya barin ƙyallen ko hemp ba - daga baya za su zama tushen kamuwa da cuta.
• Lokacin cire rassan lokacin farin ciki, kuna buƙatar yin wannan a cikin sassan, a cikin tricksan dabaru.
• Duk sassan an tsaftace su da wuka mai kaifi kuma an rufe su da lambun var. Ba za a iya yin amfani da wannan dokar ba ga rassan tare da diamita na ƙasa da milimita goma.

Lokacin zabar lambun var, kar a zauna akan wanda ya hada da man petrolatum ko sauran kayan mai. Gardenerswararrun lambu da ke nuna cewa yana da lahani ga shuka. Akwai mahadi dangane da beeswax, lanolin da sauran kayan nazarin halittu - ya kamata a fifita su.

Cututtuka da kwari - manyan wakilai, rigakafi da hanyoyin sarrafawa

Yin matakan rigakafin sauki, zaku iya guje wa shan kashi na kusan dukkanin cututtukan sanannun kwari da kwari na itatuwan pear.

Matakan hanyoyin kariya

Yin aiki da tsabta na yau da kullun da kiyayewa a cikin lambun ya fi sauƙi fiye da faɗa sakamakon cututtukan cututtukan fungal ko harin kwari. Jerin waɗannan ayyukan sun haɗa da:

1. Tsayawa gonar tsabta. Bayan ƙarshen ganye ya faɗi, dole ne su kwashe duk ganye da suka faɗo, ciyayi, da sauran tarkacen tsire a cikin tari. Babu wata shakka cewa a cikin irin wannan tsirarrun za a sami kwari da ke zazzage don hunturu, da kuma spores na fungal. Sabili da haka, irin wannan tari yana ƙonewa ba tare da nadama ba, yayin karɓar wani adadin ash, wanda shine ingantaccen taki.
2. Kafin barin a cikin hunturu ya kamata bincika haushi bishiyoyi. Idan an sami fashe da lalacewa, ya kamata a tsabtace su kuma a yanka zuwa itace mai lafiya. Bayan haka, magance tare da maganin 1% na sulfate jan karfe kuma rufe tare da wani yanki na lambu var.
3. Kuma kuma kafin barin don hunturu, Trunks da kuma lokacin farin ciki rassan suna yi fari tare da bayani na slaked lemun tsami tare da ƙari na 1% jan karfe na tagulla. A madadin haka, yi amfani da mahimmin fenti na lambu don kasuwanci. Irin wannan farin yana kare haushi daga kunar rana a jiki kuma yana hana motsi da kwari a kai.
4. A hankali zurfafa tono kasar gona na kusa-kara da'irori, yin wannan a gaban farko na sanyi. A wannan yanayin, karin kwari da aka shuka daga ƙananan yadudduka na ƙasa ya kamata ya mutu daga sanyi.
5. Sannan, ana kula da rawanin ƙasa da bishiyar tare da maganin 3% na sulfate ko cakuda Bordeaux. Wannan magani ne da za'ayi a farkon spring.
6. Don hana caterpillars, tururuwa, weevils da sauran kwari daga samun kan kambi, a farkon lokacin bazara, bel farauta da aka yi da tsiri na rufin abu, fim, burlap, da dai sauransu an karfafa a kan itacen itace.
7. A lokaci guda, ana kula da magungunan kashe ƙwari masu ƙarfi. Aiwatar da DNOC - sau ɗaya kowace shekara uku. A sauran shekarun, ana amfani da Nitrafen.
8. Lokacin da pear fure, fure spraying tare da na tsari fungicides fara. Ka ciyar da su da tazara tsakanin makonni 2-3. Musamman mahimmanci sune irin waɗannan jiyya bayan ruwan sama, lokacin da ake ƙaruwa da zafi, ƙirƙirar yanayi masu dacewa don fungi. Aiwatar da magunguna irin su Skor, Horus, Quadrice, Ridomil Gold da sauransu. Kuna buƙatar tuna game da jaraba game da cututtukan fungi zuwa kwayoyi. Bayan jiyya uku tare da magani ɗaya, ingancinsa yana raguwa, don haka ya kamata a musanya su.

Cutar mai yiwuwa

Kamar sauran albarkatu na 'ya'yan itace, pears sun fi saurin kamuwa da cututtukan fungal. Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin bayanin iri-iri, Muscovite yana da tsayayya ga scab da 'ya'yan itace rot, amma da alama rashin lafiya ba a cire shi. Don gwagwarmaya da rigakafin, ana amfani da magungunan da aka nuna a cikin tebur da ke sama.

Moniliosis

Wannan cuta tana faruwa ne ta hanyar naman gwari, wanda majinyacin sa yakan fada cikin furanni akan ƙafafun ƙudan zuma yayin tarin nectar. A bayyane yake cewa furanni sune farkon waɗanda abin ya shafa. Sannan naman gwari ya bazu zuwa harbe da ganyayyaki. Yankunan da abin ya shafa na shuka zasu bushe kuma baƙi. Daga gefe yana kama da dusar ƙanƙara ko ƙonewa. Saboda wannan kamance, wannan cuta ta sami suna na biyu - ƙonewar monilial. Idan an sami irin waɗannan alamun, an yanke harbe da abin ya shafa da farko kuma lalacewa. A lokaci guda, sun kama santimita 20-30 na ingantaccen itace - naman gwari ya riga ya motsa can. A lokacin rani, naman gwari yana lalata 'ya'yan itacen pear da ja dayanin launin toka. Irin waɗannan 'ya'yan itatuwa an girbe su kuma sun lalace.

A lokacin rani, moniliosis yana shafar 'ya'yan itacen pear tare da launin toka

Scab

Alamar wannan cutar ita ce sifar bayyanannun launuka na zaitun a ganyen pear. Lokacin da 'ya'yan itacen ya shafa, putrefactive aibobi tsari, fatar jiki ta fashe, jiki ya zama da wahala. Irin waɗannan 'ya'yan itatuwa ba su dace da abinci ba. Ya kamata a tattara ganye da fruitsa fruitsan da aka shafa don lalacewa.

Lokacin da 'ya'yan itacen da pear aka shafa, putrefactive aibobi form, fatar jiki ta fashe, jiki ya zama da wuya

Soot naman gwari

Bayyanar baƙar fata, mai laushi-kamar mai rufi akan ganyayyaki da fruitsa fruitsan itacen pear alama ce ta wannan cutar. Amma yawanci wannan ana gab da wani harin aphid. Aphids yayin aiwatar da rayuwa yana fitar da wani ruwa mai zaki, wanda ya zama ƙasa mai kiba don naman gwari.

Bayyanar baƙar fata, mai-laushi kamar-ganye a kan ganyayyaki da fruitsa ofan lu'u-lu'u alama ce ta naman naman alade

Wataƙila Alkawari

Idan ba tare da matakan rigakafin da aka bayyana a sama ba, lalata kwayar tana iya yiwuwa. Don yin rigakafi da sarrafa kwari, ana amfani da kwari, misali, Decis, Fufanon, Spark, Spark Bio da sauransu.

Aphids

Waɗannan ƙananan ƙwayoyin ana kawo su a kan kambi ta tururuwa, waɗanda, kamar ƙurar fata mai ƙanshi, suna son su ci abinci mai daɗin ci. Sabili da haka, ƙirƙirar shinge don tururuwa da sauran kwari don fada akan kambi na itacen, mai lambu zai kare pear daga lalacewar aphid kuma ba kawai.

Ana ɗaukar Aphids a jikin bishiya ta tururuwa

Pear asu

Cututtukan macijin malam buɗe ido ba zai iya hawa kan bishiya ba idan an shimfida akwatinsa kuma an sanya bel abin farauta. Macizai waɗanda suka shiga rawanin rawanin a kan 'ya'yan itacen da ja jiki a cikin su don ciyar a kan m jiki. A wannan lokacin, yaƙar su ba zai sake yin wani tasiri ba.

Ana ɗaukar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta daga ƙwai daga ƙwai da malam buɗe ido a cikin ƙasa

Pear irin ƙwaro

Wannan irin ƙwaro irin ƙwaro yana ɓoyewa a cikin ƙasa kuma a farkon bazara, lokacin da ƙasa ta fara dumama, rarrafewa kuma ya tashi tare da gangar jikin zuwa kambi (idan ba a dame shi ba daga fararen fata da kuma farauta). Daga nan sai aka fara cika ɗakunan bawon furanni da furanni. Idan mai lambu ya samo furanni masu launin rawaya da fure mai lalacewa - wataƙila, wannan yayi aiki azaman irin ƙwaro pear. A farkon bazara, lokacin da safe zafin jiki na iska bai wuce +5 ° C ba, ƙwayoyin fure suna zama a kan rassa a cikin yanayin rashin tsoro. A wannan lokacin, zaku iya girgiza su kawai a kan masana'antun da aka riga aka shirya ko fim.

Furen hunturu na pear a cikin ƙasa kuma a farkon bazara, lokacin da ƙasa ta fara dumama, tayi rarrafe ta tashi tare da gangar jikin zuwa rawanin

Sake Gani

Kuma Muscovite ɗinku ya fi wannan kyau, yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun iri, kuma dangane da girman 'ya'yan itace akwai fewan nau'ikan da ke girma a Yankin Moscow da za a iya kwatanta su.

Natalia, Moscow

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Muscovite da mai ɗanɗano kuma mafi girma, amma sun riga sun ci, kuma ba a adana su tsawon. Ina son dadi, kaka, saboda har zuwa Disamba, isa!

Ninulia, Nizhny Novgorod

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Ina son Muscovite daga waɗancan, daga baya, yana girma tsakanin maƙwabta. Suna tattara shi a cikin rabin na Satumba na biyu, yada shi a kan bene na biyu kuma ana iya adana shi har wata daya, amma ƙarshen, ba shakka, sun riga sun zama '' auduga '', kuma cikakke wanda aka zaɓa mai daɗi, m kuma tare da ƙaramin haushi suna da daɗi.

Galya-64, Vladimir

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Ina shawara ku kula da kaka iri-iri Moskvichka, da gaske son pears. A cikin shekarar 2015, sun farfado a ƙarshen Satumba bayan Chizhovskaya da Pamyat Yakovlev, da alama za a adana su sosai (bai isa ba, kowa ya ci shi a cikin makonni 2-3). Yanzu na yi Muscovite alurar riga kafi tare da reshen kwarangwal akan Chizhovskaya, Zan iya yanke muku.

Tamara St. Petersburg

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Ina goyon bayan Tamara. Idan ta narke sosai a cikin St. Petersburg, to wannan kyakkyawan tsarin ne. My pear Moskvichka yana girma sama da shekaru 30. Ban yi murna da ita ba. Pears yana haɓaka da kyau kowace shekara, mai daɗi, nama mai tsayi, matsakaici da manyan 'ya'yan itatuwa, kyakkyawa, an adana su sosai - a cikin firiji na kimanin watanni 3. Don ajiyar ajiya, ya fi kyau cire 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin kore kuma sun isa girma a kwance. Babban yawan amfanin ƙasa da kyakkyawan yanayin 'ya'yan itace, duk da haka, tare da babban yawan amfanin ƙasa,' ya'yan itacen sun ƙanƙanta. Daga cikin gazawar, Ina son in lura da girman girman bishiyar da kuma tafiyawar kumbura daga gangar jikin. Lokacin ƙirƙirar ƙaramin ƙwayar matasa, kuna buƙatar kula da wannan. Ya kuma dasa wani itaciya ta wannan rigakafin.

Vic, Zavidovo

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Sannu My pear Moskvichka yana girma. Shekarun 10, tana da fure, mai yawa, tana ba da 'ya'ya a kai a kai, wannan ita ce matsalar,' ya'yan itaciyar a cikin yanayin da ba a kwance suke kama dankali ba, za su ɗanɗana, idan suka girma, sai su zama auduga. Babu ruwan sanyi a cikin su :(, kodayake mutanen da suka yi girma irin wannan nau'in suna da'awar cewa ɓangaren litattafan ya yi ɗumi! Wataƙila wani abu ya ɓace?

Yana, yankin Moscow

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Muna da matasa Muscovite sun ba da albarkatu masu ban sha'awa, suna yin pollin tare da tsohuwar Bergamot (ko kuma menene ake kira pear da 'ya'yan itace zagaye zagaye?). Da gangan ba mu nemi wasu daga cikinsu ba. Kuma pears na Moskvichka suna da daɗin gaske (a gare ni, duka Lada da Chizhovskaya suna da ɗanɗano)

Natali_R, Moscow

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Yawan nau'in pear na Moskvichka yana da fa'idodi masu yawa, saboda abin da ya sami shahara a tsakanin lambu mai son. Hakanan baya jin daɗin koina a tsakanin manoma waɗanda ke jawo hankalinsu ta hanyar yawan aiki, taurin kai da wadatattun kayan 'ya'yan itatuwa. Yana iya yiwuwa a bada shawara don namo, idan akwai kyawawan yanayi don wannan.