Akwai nau'ikan cherries da yawa. Farko da marigayi, isar da kai da kuma bukatar pollinator, buss da tsayi. Yadda za a zabi shuka wanda ya fi dacewa da gonar, kuma zai yi farin ciki tare da girbi mai yawa a kowace shekara? Duk mai lambu yakan yiwa kansa wannan tambayar. Idan kuna zaune a Tsakiyar Russia da yin mafarki na gonar cakulan, to, nau'in Kharitonovskaya shine kawai a gare ku.
Bayani daban-daban Kharitonovskaya
Masu shayarwa na gida sun sami nau'ikan cherries da yawa waɗanda suka dace da namo a cikin yanayi iri-iri. Ofaya daga cikin bukatun sababbin samfura shine juriya ga cututtukan fungal. Kharitonovskaya ceri yana ɗayan waɗannan nau'ikan waɗanda suka yi nasarar magance cututtuka kamar su moniliosis da coccomycosis. Tsayayya ga waɗannan da sauran cututtukan fungal bai fito daga karce ba.
An samo Kharitonovskaya sakamakon tsallaka nau'ikan Zhukovskaya da lu'u-lu'u. Latterarshen itace cerapadus, ko zuriyar wani ɓangare na cakulan gama gari da ceri tsuntsu na Jafananci, wanda cututtukan fungal basu shafa ba. Wannan dukiya za a iya watsa shi ta hanyar jini, wanda aka yi amfani dashi sosai wurin kiwo don samo nau'ikan da ke tsayayya wa cututtukan fungal.
Kharitonovskaya yana da rawanin maraƙi. Tsirren tsirrai daga mita 2 zuwa 3. Matsakaici ripening. Ganyen suna duhu kore, elliptical tare da serrated gefen. Yana blooms profusely.
Cherry yana da nau'ikan 'ya'yan itace guda uku: guda, rukuni da bunƙasa. Na farko da na biyu an aza su ne akan haɓakar shekara-shekara. Bai kamata a taqaita wadannan rassan ba idan basu girma sama da santimita 50 a kowacce kakar.Bochin nunannun furanni suna kan akwati. A berries manyan ne (har zuwa 5 gr.), M iyawa. Dutse da petiole sun raba sosai.
Abubuwan berries suna da girma, dandano mai kyau.
Fruiting yana farawa a shekara ta uku bayan dasa. Berries ana cin abinci sabo ne ko an shirya don hunturu. Ba a yin jigilar su da talauci, don haka ya fi kyau a yi amfani da su a wurin.
A iri-iri ne unpretentious, fari m da kusan ba ya shafa da fungal cututtuka. Hunturu-Hardy. Don mafi kyawun fruiting Kharitonovskaya buƙatar pollinator. Don wannan, zaka iya amfani da irin wannan nau'in kamar Lyubskaya, Zhukovskaya, Vladimirskaya. A wannan yanayin, girbin zai kasance mai yawa a kowace shekara.
Dasa ceri seedlings
Don saukowa, ya kamata ka zaɓi wurin da ya dace. Cherry ya fi son wuraren rana, an kare shi daga iska mai ƙarfi. Yankin kudu na tsarin, ko a shinge zai fi dacewa. Yana da undemanding zuwa kasa, amma girma mafi kyau a kan sako-sako da, da-tattalin kasa. Babban matakan ruwan karkashin kasa zai takaici cherries. A wannan yanayin, zaku iya dasa shi a kan tudu. A kan ƙasa na acidic, lemun tsami, alli ko dolomite gari dole ne a ƙara watanni 1.5-2 kafin dasa.
Yaushe ne mafi kyawun lokacin shuka cherries - a cikin bazara ko kaka? Idan kuna zaune a cikin yankuna na kudanci, to a wannan yanayin ya fi dacewa a yi wannan a farkon kaka, a watan Satumba ko farkon rabin Oktoba. Tsire-tsire ba sa wahala daga zafin rani kuma suna ɗaukar tushen mafi kyau. Ga sauran yankuna, dasa shuki ya fi dacewa a watan Afrilu da farkon Mayu. A cikin tsawon lokaci, 'yan seedlings suna sarrafa kai sosai, kuma a farkon farkon yanayin sanyi ba shi da tsoro a gare su.
Lokacin dasa, tabbatar da la'akari da jituwa na tsirrai. Lokacin da kake shirin sabon lambun, wannan shine mafi sauƙin yi. Amma idan za ku ƙara sababbin nau'ikan shuka ku, yanzu a wannan yanayin kuna buƙatar zaɓar wuri sosai. Kyakkyawan makwabta don cherries sune plums, ceri plums ko cherries. Haushin itacen da ke kusa da ita kuma ba zai zama mata matsala ba. Amma apple da pear hana girman cherries. Maƙwabta irin goro, fewan yi haƙuri. Kuma cherries ba togiya. Bi da bi, ita da kanta za su iya zalunta raspberries, currants da sauran bushes bushes. Kada a shuka kayan lambu da tumatir (barkono, strawberries, tumatir) a ƙarƙashin cherries. Wannan na iya haifar da wata cuta kamar cutar sankara, wanda hakan ke lalata itace ya kuma haifar da mutuwar cherries.
Don dasawa, muna tono rami kusan mita ɗaya a diamita da zurfin 50-60 cm Idan kasa ta kasance yumɓu ne, to muna ƙara zurfin zuwa wani 30-40 cm don na'urar magudanar ruwa. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da buɗaɗɗen bulo ko ƙura, wanda aka rufe da yashi. Bayan haka, ana gabatar da takin ƙasa, humus ko takin da ma'adinin phosphorus-potassium a cikin rami (bisa ga umarnin).
Tona rami na girman daidai
Lokacin zabar seedling tare da bude tushen tsarin, kula da jihar daga tushen. Bai kamata a sha kansu ko a karya su ba. Zai fi kyau idan shuka ce mai shekara daya da biyu tare da asalinsu. Dukansu tushen da graeds seedlings ana sayar. An fi son fifiko ga na biyu. Sayi seedlings daga masu siyar da amintattu. Don haka tabbas zaku tabbatar cewa wannan nau'in yana girma akan rukunin yanar gizon ku.
Tushen suna da kyau kuma suna haɓaka da kyau.
An sanya tallafi a cikin ramin wanda za'a sa seedling a ciki. Wannan zai ba shi damar kasancewa tare da gaskiya har sai ya kafe. Tushen seedling an yadu a hankali kuma yafa masa ƙasa.
Tushen da lafiya yada
Daga nan sai su cika shi da ƙasa, a dunkule sannan a zuba bokiti biyu na ruwa guda ɗaya. Tushen tushe yakamata ya kasance a matakin ƙasa. Bayan an yi ruwa, rijiyar tana mulched kuma an ɗaura shuka zuwa tallafi.
Kula da tsiro
Ba shi da wahala a kula da cherries fiye da kowane itace. Wannan shine watering, pruning, sarrafawa daga kwari (idan ya cancanta), girbi da kuma shirya hunturu.
Watse
Kharitonovskaya cherries fari haƙuri m. Yana yarda da rashi mafi kyau fiye da danshi mai laima. A cikin shekarar farko bayan an dasa shuki, an shayar da seedling lokacin da aka fitar da ruwan sama. Lokacin da rami ya mulched, to ko da a cikin yanayin zafi, danshi zai isa har sati biyu zuwa uku. Idan akwai ruwan sama, to, ana shayar kamar yadda ya cancanta. Kuna iya bincika yanayin zafi mai zurfi na cm cm 10-15 Idan ƙasa ta bushe, to ana buƙatar shayarwa.
Watering ya kamata yalwatacce, amma ba sau da yawa
Itace tsofaffi, idan yanayi yayi zafi da bushe, ana shayar da su kafin fure, bayan girbi da kuma ƙarshen damuna, a cikin shirin hunturu. Adadin ban ruwa kimanin lita 20-30 a kowace murabba'in mita.
Mai jan tsami
A shekara ta biyu, kafawar kambi ya fara. Barin harbe masu ƙarfi 3-4, sauran kuma an cire su. Babu buƙatar rage su. Wannan zai haifar da samar da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi kuma, a sakamakon haka, zuwa ga ɓoye rawanin. Don kyakkyawan fruiting ya zama dole dukkanin harbe su sami isasshen hasken rana.
A cikin bazara, kafin kumburin ƙwayar kodan, an cire rassan bushe, bushe da karye, kuma rassan suna girma.
Itatuwa masu girma da girma sun kakkarye
Taki da sauran aiki
Ana amfani da takin zamani sau biyu a shekara. A cikin bazara, ƙasa ba ta ɓaci mai zurfi ba (10-15 cm) don kar a lalata tushen. A lokaci guda, ana yin humus ko takin a cikin adadin guga ɗaya a kowace murabba'in mita na yanki. Ba a yarda da amfani da daskararren taki ko droanyen tsuntsu ba. Wannan na iya haifar da ƙone tushen. A cikin bazara, a cikin shiri don hunturu, ana amfani da takin mai magani na phosphate-potassium (bisa ga umarnin).
A cikin hunturu, ba a rufe shuka ba, ban da na farko na shekara seedlings a cikin yankuna tare da yanayin canji. Tana da kyawawan zafin hunturu kuma baya buƙatar ƙarin rufi. A cikin kaka, kuna buƙatar shimfiɗa bishiyoyin. An yi wannan ne domin kada shuka ya karɓi ƙonewa na haushi.
Yin fari a cikin kaka zai kare haushi daga kunar rana a jiki
Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa ba a ba da shawarar ya ba wa kananan bishiyu baƙi (har zuwa shekaru 4-5), wannan yana da mummunar tasiri ga haɓaka da haɓakar haushi. Don kare su daga kunar rana a jiki, zaku iya kunsa Tumbin da burlap ko kuma farin farin spunboard a karshen Nuwamba. A wasu yankuna, dasa shuki na iya lalata lalata, yana hana haushi. Don kare su, ana amfani da grid.
Grid zai iya tseratarwa daga kangin
Cutar da kwari
Karin kwari na iya rage amfanin gona. Don magance su yadda ya kamata, da farko, kula da yanayin lambun ku. M kambi, babban adadin ciyawa, ba girbe ganye ganye a kan lokaci zama gida don kwari.
Bayyanar aphids a bishiya ya zama sananne da sauri. A ƙarshen harbe, ganyayyaki sun fara ja, zaku iya ganin ƙananan kwari a cikin ganyayyaki da kore kore. Ofarin tururuwa da yawa a cikin lambu suna ba da gudummawa ga sake gina su. Don magance aphids, ana amfani da kwayoyi don kashe ƙwayoyin tsotsa. Misali: Aktara (bisa ga umarnin).
Aphid karamin kwari ne mai haifar da lahani babba.
Cherry tashi na iya kwace muku amfanin gona. Yana sanya kwai a lokacin furanni na bishiyar, kuma lardin da yake ganimar da berries.
Cherry tashi tsutsa
Don magance shi, yi amfani da kwayoyi kamar Fitoverm ko Agravertin (bisa ga umarnin).
Wata kwaro mai cutarwa ga itatuwa shine ceri sawfly. Manya sun bugi itace, kuma daga larvae, masu kama da leeches, ku ci ganye.
Daga cikin ganyayyaki ya kasance cibiyar sadarwa ta veins
Kharitonovskaya ceri yana da matukar juriya ga cututtukan, amma idan an kafa yanayi mai zafi da gumi, to alamu za a iya samun bayyanar cututtuka.
Zai iya zama powdery mildew. A wannan yanayin, bayyanannen farin bayyane akan matasa harbe. A tsawon lokaci, an shafi rassan da ke kusa. Don magance wannan, ana cire harbe masu cutar kuma an ƙone su, kuma ana kula da shuka tare da kwayoyi kamar Topaz ko Fitosporin (bisa ga umarnin).
Idan alamun launin ruwan kasa sun bayyana akan ganyayyaki, to wannan na iya zama coccomycosis. Sharan gonar da ba a bayyana ba a kan kari ya zama wuri mai dausayi don haɓaka cututtukan fungal da yawa.
Lokacin kamuwa da cuta, ganyayyakin sun fara juyawa kuma suka faɗi
Don magance wannan cuta, ana cire harbe da ganyayyaki da suka faɗi da kuma ƙone su. An shuka tsiron tare da kwayoyi Polychom, Ridomil ko Fitosporin (bisa ga umarnin). Yana ɗaukar jiyya 3-4 tare da tazara tsakanin kwanaki 10-14.
Bayan kamuwa da cuta moniliosis shootsa shootsan da suka bushe sun bayyana a jikin itacen, 'Ya'yan itaciyar kuma an rufe su da plaque da mummified.
Zai iya lalata amfanin gona gaba ɗaya
Lokacin da alamun farko suka bayyana, kuna buƙatar yanke duk harbe da abin ya shafa kuma ku ƙone su. Mazaunan fitsari na iya dagewa na tsawon lokaci a cikin ƙasa da tarkacewar tsire-tsire waɗanda ba a cire su a kan kari. Don magance wannan, suna amfani da kowane fungicides (bisa ga umarnin), suna fesawa ba kawai bishiyar ba, har ma da ƙasa kusa da gangar jikin.
Sau da yawa ana iya gani akan rassan da gangar jikin kwararar resin. Gum mai ciki kariya ne daga tsirrai daga lalacewar haushi.
Wannan wata alama ce cewa akwai lalacewar cortex.
Fashewa na iya bayyana a cikin hunturu daga sanyi da kunar rana a jiki. Ko daga lalacewa ta hanyar kwari. Babu buƙatar jira matsalar don warware kanta. Ba tare da magani ba, itaciyar na iya mutuwa. Tsaftace guduro buhunan tare da haushi da aka shimfiɗa zuwa nama mai lafiya. An kula da raunin da ruwan Bordeaux kuma an rufe shi da gonar var. Amma idan abin da ya shafa ya kasance babba, to ana amfani da kayan miya.
Sake Gani
Yawancin cherries girma a cikin lambun mu, yanzu suna tare da berries. Ba kamar sauran bushes bishiyoyi ba, duk bishiyoyi suna bada 'ya'ya. Itatuwan cherry suna da girma sosai, wasu, tare da tsani don tattarawa mai yiwuwa ne kawai, za'a iya ɗauka kyakkyawan mafita daga hankalin maƙwabta a ƙasar. Cikakke ceri cikakke ya zama duhu a launi.
Alice2012 Yekaterinburg
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Wannan ceri yana da kyau a cikin cewa ba ta ɗauka ta kowace cuta ko sanyi na digiri 20. Amma yana da kyau a rufe seedlingsan seedlingsan matasa tare da daskararren mai mai, wanda ake kira daga kai zuwa ear.
Alex245002 Rostov-on-Don
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Muna da yawancin ceri cikakke a wannan shekara. Bambancin ceri Kharitonovskaya shine mafi daɗin abin da na ci. Ya girma, mai laushi, mai duhu cikin launi kuma dandano mai daɗi ne da daɗi.
Iruna
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Oran itacen marmari na canan girma zai iya girma kuma ya yi farin ciki tare da kyawawan berries na shekaru. Kulawa da kyau da ƙauna don tsire-tsire zasu taimaka maka samun girbi mai yawa. Kuma a maraice na hunturu, shayi tare da m ceri jam zai tunatar da ku da bazara.
