Fure na Brugmansia: misalai na kulawa da hanyoyin haihuwa

Brugmansia, "ƙahonin mala'iku", furen mala'ika shine ɗan itace na gama gari wanda furanni ke da ƙanshi mai ƙarfi. Arnuka da yawa a baya, an yi amfani da furanni don yin tinctures ko bouquets waɗanda ke haifar da maye. Godiya ga aikin shayarwa, a zamaninmu, iri ne da basa cutar da jiki, kuma suna ado ne na kowane irin gida, an buge su.

Labarin bayyanar

A zamanin da, wannan shuka ta jawo hankalin shahidai da bokaye don shirya tinctures da potions, wanda, a ra'ayinsu, yana da kayan sihiri. Da farko, Brugmansia mallakar asalin halittar Datura ne, waɗannan potions da tinctures suna da tasiri a jikin ɗan adam. Ba'a san takamaiman wane irin nau'in brugmansia aka fara ba.

Brugmansia - "ƙahonin mala'ika"

Wurin haifan daji an dauki Kudancin Amurka ne. A karon farko, Branedb Kobo ya ambaci fure a Brugmansia a karni na 50 na karni na XVII. Bayanin Louis Felluld ya ambaci bayanin bishiyar bishiyar bishiyoyi kamar Brugmansia. Sunan ta na yanzu a farkon karni na 18 don girmamawa ga malamin tarihi Sebald Brugmans.

Menene Brugmansia yayi kama

Brugmansia ana ɗaukar itace ƙaramin itace. Wasu nau'in suna girma a cikin bushes. Wannan tsire-tsire na ornamental na gidan Solanaceae ne. Da farko, saboda abubuwan da ke tattare da abubuwan psychoactive a cikin tsarin sinadaran sa, ya kasance ne a cikin halittar Datura, ko Datura.

Tsawon daji na ornamental kamar 2 m, yayin da yake cikin daji, brugmansia na iya zama mafi girma sau da yawa. Itace tana haɓaka da sauri sosai, amma aiwatar da harbe-harbe yana da saurin aiki. Domin samun kyakkyawan daji ko bishiya a gida ko a dandalin, kuna buƙatar yanke kullun gefen. Tushen tushen furen yana da ƙarfi. Tushen ya yi zurfi cikin ƙasa. Ganyen Brugaraniya suna da laushi a gefuna, a tsakiya akwai fitila mai haske. Shuka tayi fice a lokacin fure. Furanni suna tubular, masu kama da karrarawa, suna da girma mai ban sha'awa. Faɗin su diamita 15 cm, tsawonsa daga 20 zuwa 25 cm.

Yawancin nau'ikan

Mafi nau'ikan nau'ikan Brugmansia sune:

• Brugmansia suaveolens, ko brugmansia mai ƙanshi, a wasu yanayin yanayi na iya yin tawaya a cikin shekara. Wannan nau'in shuka yana da asalin Brazil. Brugmansia ruwan hoda a cikin daji ya kai 5 m ba ga tsawo. Furanni suna da farin ko launin kore mai launin shuki.
• Ana amfani da Brugmansia aurea, ko zinari saboda haka yanayin launinta na alama.
• Brugmansia candida, ko dusar ƙanƙara mai-fari, sunanta saboda farin furanni. An yi amfani da wannan nau'in don shayarwa don haifar da yawancin nau'ikan kayan ado na Brugmansia. A cikin yanayin daji, tsayin wannan nau'in ya kai 3 m, nau'in ado na daji ba ya girma sama da 2.3 m.
• Brugmansia sanguine, ko na jini, ana bambanta shi da furanni masu launin lemo mai cike da launuka ko ma launin ja. Wannan nau'in ya zama ruwan dare a cikin Rasha, saboda yana da kyakkyawan yanayin hunturu.
• Brugmansia versicolor - ana kiran wannan nau'in launuka masu launuka saboda furanni suna canza launi gwargwadon shekarun shuki. Wani saurayi na fure da furanni mai launin fari. A mafi tsufa Brugmansia zama, da more launuka na furanni canza. Daji, wanda shekarunsa suka fi shekaru 7-10, yana da furanni masu launi iri-iri.
• Yellow Brugmansia yana daya daga cikin jinsunan da aka fi sani da Rasha. Furanni suna da farin kamshi.

Brugmansia na jini

Hakanan akwai launuka masu launin Aromagia masu ruwan hoda. An rarrabe ta furanni ruwan hoda waɗanda ke daɗaɗa ƙanshi ba kawai da yamma ba, kamar yawancin nau'ikan, amma a ko'ina cikin rana. Ba'a ba da shawarar kiyaye shi a gida ba.

Kulawar Gida

Brugmansia dasa da kuma kula da abin da na bukatar wani ilmi da kuma dabarun ne wajen capricious shuka. Idan baku bi wasu ka'idodi ba, yawancin ire-iren tsire-tsire ba za su iya tsayawa yanayin yanayi na Rasha ba. An girma a cikin ɗakunan ajiya, greenhouses, gidaje da kuma gidaje.

Brugmansia a gida (a cikin ƙarfin aiki)

A cikin buɗe ƙasa a cikin latitude na arewacin, ciyayi suna da wuya.

Zazzabi

Duk nau'in tsire-tsire suna da matukar son zafi. A zazzabi na -5 ° C, fure ta fara kamuwa da cututtuka da kwari, sannan rigakafi ya ragu, sannan ya mutu gaba daya. Mafi kyawun alamar zafin jiki don haɓakar itacen Brugmansia ana ɗaukar 23 ° C.

Watse

Wannan tsire-tsire ne mai kyama. Kulawa da Brugmaniya yana nufin yawan shayarwa. A cikin hunturu, ana iya rage adadin yawan ruwa zuwa 2-3 a mako. Yawan ruwa a cikin hunturu ya dogara da iska. Abu mai haɗari shine bushewa daga ƙasa.

Wuri

Kulawar gida na Brugmansia ba ta yarda da zane-zane ba, saboda wannan dalilin yana cikin ingantaccen lit, mai dumi, tare da kasancewar tallafi ga rassan. Itatuwanta ya shiga yanayin kwanciya yayin da babu haske kadan.

Kasar

A ƙasa fi son mai, ƙasa loamy.

Hunturu da bazara

Don lokacin hunturu na zamani, an canza namo da kulawa da shuka na kasar Brugmansia zuwa yanayin daki. An saita tukunyar fure a wuri mai sanyi. Mafi girman dakin daki, ba zai yuwu cewa kasar Brumaiya ta huta ba. Wasu lambu suna yin girma cikin daji a cikin hunturu, ta amfani da phytolamps ko ƙarin hasken wucin gadi. Don sauyawa daga Brugmansia zuwa ga ci gaban, ya zama dole a samar masa da zazzabi aƙalla 15 ° C da sa'o'in hasken rana na awanni 14-15.

Idan shuka ya girma a yanayin ɗakin, ana bada shawara ga yin shisshigi dashi kowane bazara a cikin akwati 2 cm mafi girma fiye da wanda ya gabata a diamita da tsawo. Tun da yawan hauhawar ƙwayar ruwan itace ya fara a cikin bazara, abinci mai gina jiki na yau da kullun ya zama dole don amfani da ƙasa sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 14. A cikin bazara, adadin shayarwa da spraying yana ƙaruwa. Danshi yakamata ya zama kusan 60%.

Runwararrun dokoki

Trimming Brugmansia ya zama dole a kai a kai. Dole ne a yanke ƙananan matasa a tsakanin akwati da ganye. Wannan zai taimaka a lokaci guda samar da daji ko bishiya kuma a tsokane shi zuwa fure. A matsayinka na doka, ana gudanar da girki a tsakiyar kaka, kafin a kawo Brugmansia a cikin dakin hunturu.

Trimming Brugmansia

Hanyoyin kiwo

Brugmansia ya ninka a cikin hanyoyi 3:

1. Tsaba;
2. Yanke;
3. Maimaitawa.

Tsaba

Brugmansia daga tsaba a gida ya fara girma a farkon Janairu. Za'a iya dasa bishiyoyi har zuwa tsakiyar Maris. Ana sanya tsaba a cikin ƙasa mai zurfi, kusan 0.5-1 cm. Bayan an yayyafa su tare da ƙasa, an bada shawarar yin dattin ƙarshen rijiyar kuma yin nau'in greenhouse, yana rufe yankin tare da dasa tare da fim.

Yankan

Akwai nau'ikan graft iri 2 na gandun daji ko bishiya:

1. Kara;
2. Tushen

Yankan da aka ba da izinin yin yaduwar Brugmansia, wanda shekarunsa basu wuce shekara guda ba. Ana iya aiwatar da wannan hanyar sau 2 a shekara: a farkon kaka da farkon bazara. Yawancin lambu suna fi son yanke shuka a cikin bazara, suna imani da cewa tushen tsarin yana haɓaka sauri a wannan lokacin. Wani lokaci a cikin bazara don shuka Brugmansia? Ana iya fara wannan daga tsakiyar Maris. Wannan hanyar tana da sauki fiye da wacce ta gabata. Bugu da kari, itace ko itace yaduwa ta hanyar tsiron tsiro da sauri, bi da bi, blooms sauri.

Don yankan girbi, ya kamata a zaɓi mai tushe wanda tsawonsa ba ƙasa da cm 25. An yanka itace tare da mai girki, daga sashinta na sama, ƙarƙashin reshe apical. Kamar yadda a cikin mafi yawan lokuta na yaduwar tsire-tsire ta hanyar yanke, an cire ƙananan ganye daga gare ta, an yanke ganye na babba a rabi.

Tushen Tushen Brugmansia shine mafi dacewa hanyar da za a fara ga masu farawa, tunda ciyawar da ta girma bayan amfani da wannan hanyar ita ce mafi kyawun ɗaukar tushe, haɓaka da sauri, kuma ya fi sauƙi kulawa.

Rooting Brugmansia a cikin kayan

Ana yin tushen daskarar da abubuwa ko dai a ruwa ko a cakuda ƙasa ta musamman.

Maimaitawa

Wannan ita ce hanya mafi yawan lokaci-da ake amfani da ita don kiwo brugmansia. Don samun layering, ya zama dole don zaɓin sabon bugun da ya dace akan tsiron ya girma kuma ya yanke ɗan mara mai koda. Bayan haka, an zuba tushen ci gaban mai motsa ciki a ciki, kuma duk wurin da aka sanya abun a ciki a rufe yake da gansakuka. Moss an samo shi ne na musamman, misali, sphagnum. Wurin da aka kirkira yana da matukar muhimmanci a sanyaya a koda yaushe. Ana aiwatar da wannan hanyar a tsakiyar Maris, riga a tsakiyar watan Yuni, za a iya yanke daskarar da kuma dasa shi a cikin abin da ke cikin abinci na kwanaki 14-21. Bayan harbi ya girma, ana iya dasa shi zuwa mazaunin zama na dindindin.

Brugmansia mai ƙauna mai ƙauna

Furanni na Brugmansia ba su da yawa a cikin abun ciki, amma idan ba ku bi ka'idodi na kulawa ba, daji na iya mutu. Bayan sanya shuka a cikin wani wuri mai dumin haske da haske, a kai a kai takin ƙasa da abubuwa masu gina jiki, riƙe wani yanayin iska da yin lokacin dogaro, zaku iya ɗaukar tsinkaye mai tsayi da fure mai ban sha'awa da wannan fure mai ban sha'awa.

Bidiyo