Rhododendron rawaya: yanke shawara, Pontic azalea

Rhododendron rawaya wata halitta ce mai tsananin sanyi wacce ba ta buƙatar kowane yanayi na musamman don fure mai fure. Ya isa ya sanya shi a wurin da ya dace, kuma yanayi zai jimre da komai.

Tarihin faruwar lamarin

A cikin al'adu ya bayyana a cikin m 1792 - shi ne a wannan lokacin a Ingila cewa hybridization na shuka ya fara. Bayan 'yan shekaru bayan haka, cibiyar tattara bayanan maye ya koma Belgium kuma yawancin nau'ikan rhododendron na rawaya sun bayyana a wurin.

Rawaya mai launin rawaya

Kalmar "Pontus" a cikin yaren tsohuwar Helenawa na nufin Bahar Maliya, kuma Azalea Pontica na nufin "Tekun Bahar". Amma wannan sunan bai yi tushe ba, da farko, saboda yankin rarraba ya fi girma kuma ya mamaye rabin Turai. Abu na biyu, saboda an sake ɗaukar irin wannan sunan ta wani nau'in - Pontic rhododendron (Rhododendron ponticum), wanda a cikin bazara an rufe shi da furanni masu launin shuɗi.

Bayanin Botanical

Matsakaicin tsawo na daji shine mita 4, kodayake a matsakaici a gida yana girma zuwa 2. Rhododendron rawaya mai lalacewa yana haɓaka faɗaɗa sosai kuma yana iya kaiwa girman 6 mita.

Bayanin harbe da furanni:

• harbe wani ɗan ƙaramin itace sune glandular-shaggy, daga baya santsi;
• ganyayyaki suna da yawa, har zuwa 12 a tsayi kuma 1 zuwa 8 cm faɗi;
• tsawon petiole 7 mm;
• An tattara kyawawan furanni 7-12 a cikin inflorescence;
• inflorescence - laima mai siffa mai launi tare da diamita na har zuwa 5 cm;
• launin furannin launin rawaya ko ruwan lemo.

Lokacin fure ya zo daidai da bayyanar sababbin ganye kuma ya wuce cikin matakai da yawa. Mutane samfurori daban-daban sun fara fure a watan Afrilu, duk da haka, ainahin furanni yana faruwa a watan Yuni. Fruiting yana farawa a watan Oktoba, damar zurfin shine> 80%. Kodayake shuka yana da juriya mai sanyi, harbe-harbe na shekara-shekara da kuma fure-fure na iya daskarewa, wani lokacin kuma gaba ɗaya an lasafta rassa kuma suna wahala.

Daidai a siffar ga furanni, amma ruwan hoda a launi, fure a cikin nau'ikan Raimund.

An Nemi Rhododendron Gloing Ambers

Rarraba da tsirrai

A ina zan sami launin rawaya rhododendron a cikin yanayi:

• Gabas da Kudancin Turai;
• yamma da gabashin Transcaucasia;
• Ciscaucasia;
• Asiya orarami
• Caucasus

Shrub fi son matalauta, ƙasa tsakuwa. Yana haɓaka da kyau a cikin gandun daji bushe, sharewa, gefunan daji, a cikin wuraren budewa. Za ku iya samunsa a filayen kuma cikin tsaunika a tsawan 0 zuwa 2000 mita sama da matakin teku.

Mene ne bambanci daga wasu nau'in rhododendron

An sani cewa duk wakilan halittar Rhododendron suna girma gaba ɗaya akan ƙasa na acidic. Daidaitaccen abun da ke cikin ƙasa ya shafi fure da kuma saurin shuka gaba ɗaya. Amma wannan bai shafi Pontic azalea ba. An girma a kusan kowane ƙasa, har ma da mafi ƙarancin yanayi, wanda ba ya shafar bayyanar ta.

Wani muhimmin fasalin fasalin shuka shine ikon yaduwa ta hanyar dasa bishiyoyi, yayin da sauran nau'in ke yaduwa ta hanyar yankan itace ko sanya filayen.

Muhimmin fasalin nau'in halittar shine cutarwarsa. Abubuwan da andromedotoxin, wanda yake da haɗari ga dukkan abubuwa masu rai, ana samunsu a ɓangaren ƙasa da kuma cikin tushen sa.

Yaya ake amfani da wannan shuka a rayuwa?

Rhododendron ya yarda da canjin yanayi da lokacin bushewa, saboda haka yana da kyau a dasa shi a kan tituna da kuma yadudduka gari.

Abubuwan da ke ɗaukar hoto na Panotic azalea suna da kyau shi kaɗai kuma a cikin rukuni da dama, wanda hakan ya haifar da katako mai kama da juna. Irin wannan haɗin zai yi kyau a tsakiyar tsakiyar Lawn ko kusa da rukunin jini.

Launin launin shuɗi yana tafiya da kyau tare da kowane ɗayan, don haka za'a iya dasa shi lafiya tare da sauran nau'ikan azaleas waɗanda ke samuwa don namo a yankin. Ya shahara shuka bishiyoyi kusa da conifers, kamar su thuja ko juniper.

Yanayin Raunin Rhododendron Rawaya

Don saurin girma da fure na rhododendron, kawai zaɓi inda ya dace don dasa. Wannan tsire-tsire ne mai daukar hoto wanda ke jure da inuwa mai bangaranci, amma ba cikakken rashin hasken rana ba.

Posh azalea inflorescences

Idan bazara da bazara ba m, da kuma yawan hazo ya yi daidai da na yau da kullun, inji ba ya buƙatar ƙarin watering. Idan babu ruwan sama, ana bada shawara a shayar da azalea sau ɗaya a mako. a lokaci guda kuna buƙatar yin wannan da maraice.

Sau biyu a wata, za a iya ciyar da daji. Ana yin wannan ne lokacin da shuka ya fara fure, wato, daga Afrilu zuwa Yuni. Ma'adinai da nitrogen takin mai magani ba m.

Ana amfani da waɗannan albarkatun ƙasa kamar amfanin gona na asali:

• haushi da kwandon shara;
• zuriyar dabbobi mai ɗaukar hoto;
• babban peat;
• ƙasa heather (ƙasa daga gandun daji mai sanyin gwiwa inda yawancin zafi ke tsiro).

Yin irin takin zamani ya fi sauki ga ciyawa.

Zabi da shiri na saukowa shafin

Wurin zama ba shi da zurfi, amma yana da fadi, saboda karfin shugabantar yayi ruwa. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine zurfin 30 cm, nisa na 2.5 m.

Ba a yarda sauka a cikin ƙasa mai tudu ko wuraren da ruwan ƙarƙashin ƙasa yake ba. Bai kamata a samar da wani zane a shafin ba.

Kafin dasa shuki, ya isa ya share yankin da ke akwai kwari. An riga an saka substrate a cikin rami saukowa. Idan babu blanks, ya isa ya ƙara yumbu ko peat don riƙe danshi.

Saukowa

A cikin yanayi, rawaya rhododendron yana dacewa da duk kasa, saboda haka, ana kuma iya dasa shi a cikin kowane substrate akan filin lambun. Amma idan kun kasance duk da haka shirya shi na musamman abun da ke cikin ƙasa, inji zai ji daɗi.

Recipes domin kai shiri na kasar gona mix:

• ƙasa turf, yashi, peat a cikin rabo na 1: 1: 2;
• takarda ƙasa, yashi, peat - 1: 1: 2;
• ƙasa Heather, yashi, peat - 1: 1: 2.

Cutar da kwari

Azalea tsire-tsire ne mai tsayayya da cuta, amma tare da kulawa mara kyau shima yana iya wahala.

Matsalolin da suka fi dacewa da rhododendron:

• Rashin fure. Ana lura dashi da nau'in ƙasa mara kyau da aka zaɓa, rashin shayarwa ko taki, lokacin dasa shuki cikin hasken rana mai haske.
• Phytophthora. Yana bayyana kanta a cikin hanyar yellowing da kara faduwa da ganye, tushen Rotting mai yiwuwa ne. Magungunan Antifungal da sulfate na jan ƙarfe na iya jimre wa wani nau'in cutar. Ana ragargaza bushes mai ƙarfi da aka shafa kuma an ƙone.
• Cicada na Rhododendric. Kwaro yana da haɗari ta ikon iya canza naman naman gwari daga tsire-tsire marasa lafiya zuwa waɗanda ke da lafiya. Cicada yana sanya kwai masu kamuwa da cuta a ƙarshen watan Agusta, kuma kuna iya ganin alamun a cikin nau'in fure mai launin baƙi a cikin bazara. Don prophylaxis, ana kula da tsire-tsire tare da fungicides ko vitriol, an cire fure da fure da aka sarrafa ta hanyar fasaha.
• Chlorosis Da farko dai, nasihun ganyayyaki sun zama launin toka, sai a juye launin ruwan kasa kuma a kashe. Cutar na faruwa ne ta hanyar kulawa mara kyau, tare da wuce haddi da yumɓu a cikin ƙasa ko ciyar da daji tare da toka. Don dawo da daidaituwa, ana shigar da karafa da baƙin ƙarfe a cikin ƙasa.
• Attack of parasites: thrips, mealybug, ticks, weevils. Zaka iya cire su da magungunan kashe kwari ko ruwa mai sawa. An tattara katantanwa da kuma slugs da hannu.

Ba a rarrabe Pontic azalea ba kawai ta bayyanar da bayyana, amma kuma saboda sauƙin kulawa. Yankin, wanda aka yi wa ado da taimakon bishi wanda ke haifar da ƙanshin kudu mai ban sha'awa, zai zama alamar maigidan wurin.