Geicher: dasa shuki da kulawa a cikin filin bude

Babu wani takamaiman wahalar shuka tsiro mai ɗanɗano a cikin ƙasa. Babban abu shine cewa an zaɓi wurin da za'a dasa shuki daidai gwargwadon la'akari da bukatun sa. Wasu nau'in (alal misali, siliki mai zurfi) suna girma sosai a cikin tsaunukan tsaunukan Arewacin Amurka. Furen yana da kamanni na musamman, saboda haka ana amfani dashi sau da yawa akan zanen ƙasa. A labarin ya tattauna abin da heicher yi kama, saukowa da kulawa a cikin bude filin domin ita.

Shuka shuka

Yana yiwuwa a yaɗa heicher ta hanyoyi guda biyu: ta hanyar rarraba daji da iri.

Raba Bush

Rarraba daji shine hanya mafi sauki da sauri fiye da grafting. Tare da shi, yana yiwuwa a ci gaba da daji ado. Yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da wannan hanyar a farkon bazara ko kaka.

Ta yaya hemsher blooms

Don aiwatar da rarrabewar daji, dole ne:

1. Rarrabe kanti daga cikin tsiron ya girma.
2. Canza shuka da ɗan zurfi fiye da yadda aka dasa shuka mahaifiyar.

Idan ba a dasa shi mai zurfi cikin lokaci ba, to wannan na iya haifar da matsaloli kamar:

• rashin haƙuri mara kyau na lokacin hunturu;
• zafi da zafi za su kasance azaba ga shuka;
• a cikin bazara, da shuka mafi kusantar kamuwa da cututtuka;
• dandayen mai zai fashe karkashin iska mai karfi.

Yankan

Don aiwatar da wannan hanyar yana buƙatar:

1. Rarrabe ciyawa mai cm 4 daga daji.
2. Shuka shi a cikin gidan kore.

Dukkanin aikin yana ɗaukar makonni 3-4. Bayan haka yana yiwuwa a watsa furen cikin fure.

Yanayin girma na janar

Kulawa mai zurfi yana buƙatar ƙarami. Muhimmin abu shine a zabi wurin da ya dace. Zai fi kyau dasa shuki fure a ƙarƙashin kambi na bishiyoyi, tunda a ƙarƙashin rana zai yi yaushi kuma yana buƙatar wadataccen ruwa. Zai fi kyau zaɓi wurin da akwai ƙananan inuwa. Koyaya, duhu mai duhu bai kamata a zaɓi ba, saboda saboda wannan tsarin daga ganye zai shuɗe.

Kulawa da geyhera abu ne mai sauki. Wannan tsiro na zamani yana da kyau a ƙasar. Ana iya dasa shi a kusa da runduna, tsire-tsire, tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire da ciyawa.

Furen da ake tambaya ba alamari ne ga abin da ya shafi ƙasa. Koyaya, bazaiyi girma ba akan wasu nau'ikan ƙasa. Abin da ƙasa ke heicher ƙi:

• ƙasa tare da acidity mai yawa;
• wurin saukowa yana da matukar girman ƙasa.
• mara kyau yanayi idan ƙasa, narke ko ruwan sama stagnates a cikin ƙasa.

Musamman kyawawan tsire-tsire na fure a cikin ƙasa mai kwance, wanda ke kula da adadin danshi.

Lokacin sauka

Geichera a cikin lambu zai iya yaduwa ta zuriya da kuma ciyayi. Hanyar ta biyu an fi sonta.

Lokacin dasa shuki ya dogara da wurin girma. Kyakkyawan lokacin shuka shine daga Mayu zuwa Yuni.

Yaushe shuka geyhera a bude yake

Siffofin haɓakar iri

Yadda za a shuka heichera daga tsaba? Don yin wannan, dole ne a bi wasu ƙa'idodi:

• tsirrai na iya yin girma cikin watanni shida na tattara su. A wannan batun, ya zama dole don saka idanu akan ranar karewa akan kunshin. An adana tsaba a cikin tsare tsawon shekara guda da rabi;
• don dasa shuki, kuna buƙatar zaɓar tasa mai fadi. Tsawon kwandon yakamata ya zama akalla 5 cm;
• ƙasa don tsaba ya kamata ta kasance sako-sako. Sand ko perlite dole ne a ƙara ƙasa.
• kafin dasa shuki, dole ne a sanyaya ƙasa a cikin tanda na minti 5-7;
• ana shuka tsaba a cikin Maris-Afrilu;

Yadda ake girma daga zuriya

• Wajibi ne a shuka a kan ƙasa mai daɗin ciyawa, wadda a da aka sassaka ta kuma gurɓata;
• kwandon da aka shuka an rufe shi da fim ko gilashi;
• don seedlings suna buƙatar haske mai yawa, don haka ya fi kyau a sanya akwati a kan windowsill;
• seedlings za su tashi a cikin makonni 2-3. A wannan lokacin, wani lokacin ya zama tilas a buɗe gilashin don samun iska;
• bayan ganyayen farko guda uku sun bayyana, ya zama dole don ɗauka, seedling seedlings a nesa na 4-6 cm;
• da tsakiyar watan Mayu, zaku iya saukowa a cikin bude fili.

Zabi wani wuri zuwa ƙasa: a cikin inuwa ko a rana

Yadda za a dasa mai heicher: a cikin inuwa ko a rana? Zabi wani wuri zuwa ƙasa yana da matukar muhimmanci. Yana shafar ganye da fure. Yawancin nau'ikan tsire-tsire suna buƙatar dasa shi a cikin wurare masu duhu. Plantsan tsire-tsire mafi kyau ana shuka su a wuraren da ke da wutar lantarki. Koyaya, ya zama dole a kula don tabbatar da cewa babu wasu aiyyuka.

Juyawa

Ga wasu nau'in, ana buƙatar juyar da heichera kowace shekara uku. Shuka ta ci gaba da zama har zuwa shekaru biyar. Daga nan sai daji ya fallasa duka tsakiyar. Kuna iya juyar da shuka a cikin kaka ko kuma bazara. Don dasa shuki, dole ne a yi matakai masu zuwa:

1. Bayan fure, cire peduncles da danda mai tushe. Shuka shuka daga Yuni zuwa Agusta. Furanninta masu ƙanƙane. Launi na iya zama cream, fari, ja, mai jini, shuɗi. Furanni suna kama da karrarawa. An tattara su a cikin panicles. 'Ya'yan itãcen geyhera kwali ne wanda tsaba ke ciki. Girmansu yana tare da zuriya mai ƙwaya.
2. Tono tsohuwar daji kuma ku raba shi zuwa sassa da yawa.
3. Tsaba da delenki da aka zaɓa bisa ga wuraren da aka zaɓa.

Yadda ake kulawa da wannan fure

Yadda ake kulawa da geyhera? Wannan baya buƙatar ƙoƙari sosai.

Yadda za a kula da geyhera a cikin bude ƙasa

Watse

Idan an watsa heicher, wannan zai haifar da gaskiyar cewa tsarin tushen zai iya jujjuyawa. Mafi kyawun zaɓi zai zama matsakaici na ruwa ba tare da haƙuri na waterlogging na ƙasa ba. Ana yin ruwa a cikin yanayi mai zafi da bushe, safiya ko maraice.

Manyan miya

Heicher baya buƙatar ciyarwa akai-akai. Ana amfani da takin mai ƙasa idan ya cancanta. A cikin bazara, ana amfani da takin mai magani kafin shuka fure, kuma a lokacin rani bayan fure. Yadda za a ciyar da ɗanɗano a lokacin bazara: takaddun takaddun ƙwayoyi tare da ƙananan abun ciki na nitrogen.

Yadda ake ciyar da heicher

Yankin hunturu

Tambayar da pruning heichera don hunturu ne wanda zai iya yuwuwa. Kada a cire ganyen daga shuka, ana cire shinge bushe kawai. Ganye zai kare tsiro daga daskararre. Bayan fure, ciyawar fure za ta karɓi iko ne kawai daga tsire. Heicher pruning ya zama dole domin ya riƙe kyakkyawan fasalinsa.

Matsalar cuta da kwari

Wasu mutane tambaya me ya sa heicher ba girma. Wannan na iya zama saboda gaskiyar cewa tsiro ya shafi cututtuka ko kwari. Koyaya, cututtukan hepather ba safai ake shafa su ba, amma milkew ɗin ƙwaya na iya faruwa. Ya bayyana a matsayin farin murfi a cikin ganyayyaki. A wannan yanayin, ana kula da shuka tare da kashe-kashe.

Haske launin ruwan kasa na iya lalata bayyanar sosai. An bayyana shi ta hanyar bayyanannu da launin ruwan kasa mai haske, waɗanda ke da nau'i daban. A tabo girma a hankali, da shuka ne ya shafa gaba daya. Wannan cutar sau da yawa tana bayyana kanta a cikin lokacin zafi. A yayin wannan cutar, ana buƙatar fesa fure tare da wakilai waɗanda ke ɗauke da jan ƙarfe. Waɗannan sun haɗa da ruwa na Bordeaux ko chloride na jan karfe. Ana aiwatar da aiwatarwa sau 2-3 tare da tazara tsakanin kwanaki 10-14.

Daga cikin kwari, an lura da heichera:

• weevil furrowed. Its larvae ciyar a kan rhizome na shuka. A sakamakon haka, saman fure ya bushe. Don kawar da kwari, yi amfani da sawdust. Suna cikin soyayye. Don rabin guga na sawdust dauki 1 tbsp. a cokali na kudi. All Mix kuma yayyafa a kusa da bushes. Hakanan, ana iya magance su ta amfani da foda mustard (1 tbsp.spoon busassun kayan da aka narke a cikin 1 lita na ruwa). Tare da wannan maganin, ana baza daji daga kowane bangare;
• slugs. Suna cin ramuka a cikin ganyayyaki kuma suna barin ƙoshin silvery. A kansu suna ɗaukar turɓayar ƙasa da lemun tsami. Ana yin wannan bikin ne sanyin safiya ko yamma. A cikin waɗannan lokuta, slugs sun fi aiki.

Wadanne cututtuka ne hehera suke da shi

Girma da kuma kula da fure mai tsada sune matakai masu sauƙi. Zai iya girma har a Siberiya ko Urals. Babban abin da za a yi shine a zabi wurin da ya dace don saukowa. Ga sauran, ana buƙatar matsakaici na ruwa da kuma waɗanda ba su da yawa a cikin miya.