Coleus - dasa da kulawa a gida, nau'in hoto da iri

Hoto na Shuka

Coleus - tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu ɗorewa cikin dangin Labretaceous. A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, yana tsiro a tsibirin Java, wanda aka samo a cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi na Afirka da Asiya. Tsarin 30 zuwa 55 cm tsayi yana da sauki girma a gida. A shuka tsiro sosai.

Coleus shine bishiyar perennial, amma lokaci-lokaci yana buƙatar sake farfadowa. Wani lokacin girma a cikin lambuna a matsayin shuka shekara-shekara. Blooms a ƙarshen bazara tare da kananan shuɗi furanni. Dole ne a cire su akan lokaci, ba tare da tsoron cewa shuka ba za ta rasa tasirin ado. Kyau yana kunshe da kyawawan ganye da suka bambanta, furanni kuma suna washe bayyanar da daji wanda ake iya gabatar dashi kuma ya raunana ci gabanta.

	Stalan ƙaramin ƙwayar coleus da aka shuka a cikin ƙasa yana ɗaukar girman girman shuka a cikin kaka ɗaya.
	Blooms a ƙarshen bazara tare da kananan shuɗi furanni.
	An shuka shuka cikin sauƙi.
	Perennial shuka.

Dukiya mai amfani

Hoton wani coleus a cikin tukunya

Amfani da maganin mutane don hanzarta tafiyar matakai na rayuwa a jiki. Coleus Forskolii iri-iri ya ƙunshi Forskolin. Kayan yana kunna ƙwayar gastrointestinal, yana daidaita metabolism; yana haɓaka sha da bitamin da abubuwan gina jiki, ƙona mai.

Dangane da shi, ana samar da kayan abinci da magunguna. Mahimman mai suna kwantar da jijiyoyi kuma suna kunna kwakwalwa. M bushes tare da variegated foliage tayar da m motsin zuciyarmu.

Siffofin girma a gida. A takaice

Coleus yana girma sosai a gida. Zai iya zama mai sauƙin haɓakawa idan ya ƙirƙiri halayen da ake buƙata don fure:

Zazzabi	A cikin hunturu - ba ƙasa da + 12 ° C ba, sauran lokacin - +15 - 25 ° C.
Jin zafi	Matsakaici ba za a fesa daji ba (saukad da ruwa na fadowa akan ganyayyaki yana hana su adorativeness), iska ne kawai a kewayen shuka an fesa; an adana daji a cikin kwanon ruɓa tare da ƙoshin peat.
Haske	Akalla sa'o'i 4 a rana mai haske zuwa hasken rana don kula da adon ɗan adam; inuwa daga hasken rana.
Watse	Kalli kasar gona: dole ne ya kasance kodayaushe yana da laushi; shayar a cikin hunturu a matsakaici; ci gaba da pallet tare da yumɓu mai haɓaka da yadudduka.
Kasar	1) inauki daidai ƙasar allurai, peat, ƙasar Turf, perlite (yashi); 2) wani yanki na cakuda-yashi cakuda, 2 servus na humus da servings 4 na ganye da ƙasa sod.
Taki da taki	Daga tsakiyar Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba, ana shayar da ruwa na ruwa sau 2 zuwa 4 a wata.
Juyawa	A kowane lokaci na shekara, lokacin da tushen rufe duniya a cikin tukunya. yawanci bayan shekaru 2.5.
Coleus kiwo	Rooting cuttings a cikin ruwa ko yashi rigar; shuka iri a cikin yashi (ba tare da zurfafawa).
Siffofin Girma	Kulawa da shuka ba ya haifar da matsala da yawa, amma akwai wasu fasalolin girma coleus. Don kada daji yayi kwalliya, ba ya shimfidawa, ana jujjuya shi akan windowsill, yana canza hasken zuwa bangarorin daban-daban. A cikin bazara, harbe suna gajarta zuwa 10 cm, kuma tsunkule matasa harbe domin daji ya fi girma.

Kulawar Coleus a gida. Daki-daki

Yawancin lokaci, fure coleus yana tasowa sosai a gida. Amma domin shi ya faranta na dogon lokaci tare da mai zane da kuma foliage fata, kana bukatar ka san wasu da dabara na kula da shuka.

Saukowa

Shukawar Coleus tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen gyara kyakkyawan shuka. Dasa a cikin lokacin dumi. A kasan tukunyar ya sanya Layer daskararren yumbu don magudanar ruwa. Zuba ƙasa da ke kwance mai saurin ɗan acidic ko tsaka tsaki. Suna yin rami, suna shayar da shi, kuma lokacin da ƙasa ta "sha" ruwa, sai su sa shi a cikin ramin.

Yada Tushen, ka latsa kasa sosai. Ana zubar da ƙasa ta yadda tushen an rufe shi, ba a rufe maƙasudin haɓaka ba, kuma kusan 1.5 cm ya rage zuwa ƙarshen gefen akwati (zai kasance mafi dacewa don kula da furen). Ruwa da ciyawa tare da kayan kwakwa ko sphagnum. Bayan dasa, ana sa shuka a cikin wurin da aka rufe har tsawon kwanaki.

Gudun ruwa

Gudun ruwa coleus yakan faru a ƙarshen bazara. Budsanan ƙananan buds suna bayyana a saman shuka, wanda a cikin 'yan kwanaki ya juya zuwa cikin panicles na lilac, shuɗi ko launi na lilac. Flowersanan furanni marasa rubutu suna ba wa ɗan itaciyar irin kwalliya mai rauni kuma ta raunana haɓakarta.

Sabili da haka, sau da yawa ana cire panicles nan da nan. Lokacin da coleus ya fitar da kibiya bayan fure, an cire shi nan take don kada fure ta daina yin girma. Chingyallen ma'ana daidai yana ƙarfafa fure da ƙawa na daji.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Saboda haka furen zai iya yin farin ciki na dogon lokaci tare da foliage da ke ɗauka da jin daɗi, lura da tsarin zafin jiki. A cikin hunturu, ma'aunin zafi da sanyio kada ya faɗi ƙasa + 12 ° C, a wasu lokuta ana kiyaye shuka a + 15 - 25 ° C.

Coleus na cikin gida yana girma sosai da sauri, yana son ingantaccen iska, don haka ana sanya tsire-tsire a cikin filayen furanni a baranda, baranda, a cikin lambun kuma a sanya shi a yammacin ko gabashin shafin, an rufe shi daga iska mai rinjaye. A cikin lokacin sanyi, ana kawo fure a cikin gidan. Ya fi son tsayayyar zazzabi ba tare da ɓarkewa ba. Sanyaya yakan sassauta girman furen, yana lalata kyawawan ganyayyaki.

Fesa

Ana zuwa daga maɓallin ruwan zafi, coleus na gida yana godiya da zafi kuma baya jure iska mai sanyi a cikin ɗakin. Fesa yana taimakawa wajen magance wannan. Furen da kanta ba za a iya fesawa ba: ruwan da ya faɗo a kan ganye ya bar aibobi a kansu, yana rage ado.

Fesa sau da yawa a rana iska a kewayen shuka. An saita Coleus akan pallet tare da pebbles mai laushi, tabbatar da cewa tushen tsiro bai shiga cikin ruwa ba.

Haske

Yana son mai haske, amma yana baza haske. Kome yakamata ya kasance cikin matsakaici. Daga haskoki na rana kai tsaye, dajin yakan daina girma, ganyayen sa suna ƙonewa, ya samu ƙonewa. Sabili da haka, coleus a cikin yanayin ɗakuna shine mafi kyawun sanya shi a cikin wuraren da zai sami kashi mai mahimmanci na haske, yayin da bayyanar hasken rana ba zai zama mai tayar da hankali ba. Yankunan da suka dace don furanni zai zama windows yana fuskantar yamma ko gabas.

A gefen kudu, ana dasa shuki daga hasken rana mai haske, kuma a gefen arewa, ana sanya fitilun fitil. Coleus mai bambanta yana buƙatar haske fiye da kore.

Watse

Ruwa yana da mahimmanci don girma da haɓaka fure. A cikin hunturu, Coleus yana da wuya ba a shayar da - lokacin da farfajiyar substrate ta bushe. Ragowar lokacin kasar gona koyaushe yana da danshi. Don ban ruwa amfani da ruwan dumi.

Ruwa a hankali, ba tare da faɗuwa akan ganyayyaki ba. Wasu lokuta ruwa zai iya zama dan kadan ruwan lemon lemun tsami ko acid (3-5 saukad ko 0.2 g a kowace lita na ruwa), don ganyen yayi haske. Don wannan manufa, ana amfani da peroxide hydrogen (20 ml na miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin lita 1 na ruwa). Yana da amfani mutum ya kiyaye fure a jikin kwalin tare da ɗakunan lemo don kula da yanayin iska da ƙasa.

Wiwi

An zaɓi tukunyar coleus gwargwadon girman furen. Da farko, ana shuka shuka a cikin karamin tukunya mai faɗi tare da diamita na 5 - 9 cm. Yayinda daji ke tsiro (kuma yana girma da sauri), diamita na kwandon yana ƙaruwa.

Da ake buƙata don zaɓin tukunya mai isasshen zurfin (kimanin 15 cm) don Tushen haɓakawa ba tare da matsala ba.

Ya kamata a yi ramuka na magudana a ƙasa.

Kasar

Soilasa don coleus tana buƙatar sako-sako da ƙanshi, tana da tsaka tsaki ko ɗan ɗanɗano acidic. Haɗin ƙasa na duniya don furanni gida yana dacewa da shi. Za ku iya yin musanyar da kanku ta ɗaukar 4 servings na ganye da ƙasa turɓaya, servings 3 na humus, 1 bautar peat da yashi.

Na biyu sigar kasar gona - daga daidai rabo na sheet ƙasa, yashi (perlite), peat da sod ƙasar. Coal foda, kayan kwakwa, kwandunan birki, yankakken gansakakken za'a iya ƙarawa zuwa kowane cakuda.

Taki da taki

Don haɓaka aiki da ci gaba da adon ɗan kwalliya, ana buƙatar ciyar da kuma haɗaka coleus. Kayan sutturar tushen ne kawai ke zartar. Daga tsakiyar Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba fure ciyar da sau 2 zuwa 4 a wata sau biyu na dillancin ma'adinai na duniya gaba ɗaya don tsire-tsire na gida.

Zaka iya lokaci-lokaci "bi da" shuka tare da potassium, wanda yake ƙauna. A matsayin tushen potassium, zaku iya amfani da ruwan 'ya'yan itace banana, ƙara ash a ruwa don ban ruwa. Dukkanin kayan miya ana yinsu ne da yamma bayan anyi ruwa. A cikin hunturu, da shuka ba a hadi. Bayan juyawa, makonni 2 ya kamata ya wuce, kawai sai a sake fara girkin miya.

Juyawa

Ana aiwatar da haɓakar Coleus a kowane lokaci na shekara lokacin da tushen sa zai rufe dunƙulewar ƙurar ƙasa. Wannan yakan faru ne bayan shekaru 2, 5, amma da mazan da fure, da ƙasa da sau ana dasa shi. A cikin manya bushes, kawai saman Layer na substrate ne freshened (game da 5 cm).

Lokacin da aka sake dasa wata shuka, sai su ɗauki sabon, tukunyar ƙarfi, tukunya tare da ramuka don magudanar ruwa. Sau da yawa girma a matsayin tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara, wanda yaduwar itace, a wannan yanayin, buƙatar dasawa ya ɓace.

Mai jan tsami

An daidaita Coleus sau ɗaya a shekara, a cikin bazara. Hanyar yana taimakawa rage jinkirin girma da ƙara yawan harbe da ganyayyaki. Theasan daji na lush sakamakon pruning zai zama da sauƙi a siffar.

An yanke harbe, yana barin low (har zuwa 10 cm) hemp. Cire mai rauni da elongated harbe a lokacin hunturu, ganye mai lalacewa. An yanke itace mai ƙarfi don haifuwa daga sama.

Lokacin hutawa

Coleus dormancy yana faɗuwa a cikin hunturu. Shirya kayan shuka a gaba, a hankali rage ruwa da kayan miya. A wannan lokacin, yana da kyau a sanya shi a cikin kwanon ruɓa tare da pebbles mai laushi. An shayar da shi da wuya, jiran babban Layer na substrate ya bushe. Ciyar ba a za'ayi.

Ana kiyaye tsire-tsire a + 12 ° C; ƙananan zafin jiki yana cutar da fure.

Kiwo

Ana yin ƙwayar coleus a gida ta amfani da andan itace da iri.

Coleus yaduwa ta hanyar yanke

Yaduwa ta hanyar yayyan itace musamman sanannen.

A cikin bazara, ana yanke itace ba tare da fure ko fure ba daga saman coleus.
An yanke wuraren da aka yanka tare da foda gawayi.
Yankuna har zuwa 10 cm tsayi ana sanya su a cikin cakuda yashi cak, mai zurfi ta 2.5 cm.
Rufe tare da kwalban filastik mai tsini, yana yin ramuka a kai.
Kafe a + 20 ° C An cire hula don yin iska da ruwa.
Yawancin lokaci, Tushen yana bayyana bayan kwanaki 14. Sannan an dasa ganyen a cikin tukunya daban.

Girma Coleus daga Tsaba

Sake haifuwa ta wurin tsaba ba su da mashahuri, amma yana yiwuwa idan ka sayi tsaba (ba su da lokacin tsiro a gida). Yi amfani da akwati m. Ana shuka iri a cikin cakuda yashi-rigar cakuda, yana barin nesa na mm 3-5 tsakanin su. Yayyafa da sauƙi tare da ƙasa kuma fesa daga kwalban fesa. Rufe tare da fim, wanda sai an cire don shayarwa da iska. A cikin kwanaki 12, harbe-zanen sada zumunci zasu bayyana. Lingsalingsan itace sun nutse cikin tukwane ɗaya lokacin da ganye 3 suka bayyana akan su. Lokacin da seedlings girma zuwa 15 cm, suna dasa a cikin tukunya daban.

Lokacin da yaduwar ƙwayar cuta ta Coleus ta hanyar yaduwa, yawancin matasa masu tasowa suna mutuwa, yawancin nau'ikan tsire-tsire sun rasa, saboda haka wannan hanyar ba ta shahara ba.

Cutar da kwari

Isasshen kulawar tsire-tsire na iya kare shi daga matsaloli da yawa. Amma wani lokacin saboda dalilai da suka wuce ikon kulawa, dalilai na waje zasu iya kamuwa da cututtuka da kwari. Ana iya lura da wannan nan da nan ta hanyar ganin alamun:

ƙananan ganye sun faɗi - rashin danshi da haske, a cikin hunturu - tsari na halitta (ruwa, sake shiryawa a cikin wurin dumi);
ya bushe ya bushe - rage zafin jiki zuwa + 12 ° C (sake shirya a cikin wurin dumi);
ganye rasa turgor - rashin danshi (sanya fure a cikin jaka a guga na ruwa; daidaita ruwa);
ganye Fade - karamin haske (sake shiryawa a wani wuri mai haske);
ganye coleus juya launin rawaya kuma ya faɗi - malalewa mara kyau, gurɓataccen ruwa na ƙasa (canza ƙasa da dasa shi cikin wata tukunya, daidaita ruwa, ƙara malalewa);
busasshen ganye - ƙarancin zafi, rashin ruwa sosai (fesa iska a kusa da furen, saka shi a cikin tire tare da yumɓu da aka faɗaɗa ruwa; rijiyar ruwa);
ganyayyaki sun faɗi gaba ɗaya - hypothermia ko daftarin (sake shirya a cikin dumi, an tsari daga wurin iska);
akwai haske a jikin ganye - karin haske (inuwa);
jinkirin girma - rashin wadatar abinci (abinci);
stalks juya baki da rot - malalewa mara kyau, danshi mai yawa (dasawa, ƙarfafa malalewa, daidaita shayarwa);
gefen gefuna ya zama launin ruwan kasa - ƙarancin danshi da busasshiyar iska (zuba, sanya tukunya a cikin tire tare da yumɓu da aka faɗaɗa, fesa iska a kusa da fure);
rawaya aibobi a cikin ganyayyaki - kunar rana a jiki (cire ganye mai lalacewa, fure mai kyau pritenit);
harbe elongated - inji yana da lokaci don sake sabuntawa da tsunkule; lightan ƙaramin haske (gajarta harbe, tsunkule; sake shirya a wurin da ba wuta).

Kwari ya shafa: gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, whiteflies, mealybugs.

Iri coleus na cikin gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

Akwai kusan nau'ikan 150 kusan gama gari a cikin yanayin halitta. A matsayin shuka na gida, galibi iri da nau'ikan nau'in polyhybrid, dangane da Coleus Blume (Coleus blumei x hibridus).

Akwai nau'ikan da yawa iri iri, amma akwai fasalulluka waɗanda ke haɗu da su: madaidaiciyar tetrahedral mai tushe da ganyayyaki m velvety mai tushe waɗanda ke cikin hanyar. Mafi mashahuri sune ƙananan (19 - 29 cm) da matsakaici (31 - 51 cm) iri.

Coarancin learancin Coleus

Jerin kulawa

Tsawon lush bushes daga 25 zuwa 30 cm. Farantin takardar farantin. Launin ganye zai iya bambanta: daga burgundy na al'ada a cikin inuwa daban-daban, zuwa karin launin ruwan-kore tare da shigarwar lilac.

Jerin Fairway F1

Wani fasali na tsirrai na wannan nau'in shine cewa suna samar da kyakkyawan katako mai tsayi har zuwa tsayi cm 20. Tsirrai masu ban mamaki suna da manyan ganye. Launi mai haske. Yana kiyaye ado na dogon lokaci. Itatuwan fure.

Jerin maye

Shuke-shuke da wannan nau'in suna kama da m bushes har zuwa 25 cm high, tare da karammiski burgundy ganye tare da serrated gefuna. Tsarin ko bakin ciki na farantin takardar yana da launin pastel. Sau da yawa ganyayyaki suna da launin zinare, lemo ko mosaic da edel na bakin ciki.

Matsakaitan maki

Macijin baƙar fata

Tsire-tsire na wannan nau'in sun kai 30 - 35 cm. Sun bambanta da duk jinsuna a cikin launi mafi duhu na ganye. Brown ya fita tare da jigon violet tare da jijiyoyin jan, a gefuna da ƙarfi. Wani lokaci tare da kodadde m core. Zasu iya girma cikin inuwa da rana.

Tsarin Kong

Bushesarfi mai ƙarfi da aka daɗe mai zurfi zuwa 30 - 35 cm tsayi. Saurin girma da manyan ganye masu ganye daban-daban. Kada ku rasa haske a cikin inuwa. Leaf launin: kore tare da veins mai laushi, kore mai haske tare da jan launi da mai ruwan shafawa, maroon mai launin kore, ruwan hoda mai duhu tare da koren kore. Da sauri suna bushewa cikin rana. Dasa tare da gefuna da qagaggun.

Coleus shine tsire-tsire mai wuya wanda ke haɗuwa da kyakkyawa na ganye mai haske da ƙamarar unpreentiousness. Furen ya dace da girma a cikin lambun kuma a gida, wuraren shakatawa na shimfidar wuri da murabba'ai. Duk inda zai zama ya cancanci ƙawata sararin samaniya. Sabili da haka, coleus yana samun karuwa sosai a kowace shekara.