Gasteria - kulawa ta gida, nau'in hoto, haifuwa

Hoto na Shuka

Gasteria (Gasteria) - wuya succulent perenni na Asfodelov, lambobi fiye da 80 na halitta iri (horar da yawa kasa - kawai game da dozin iri). Homelandasar Gasteria ita ce ƙasa mai laima ta Afirka ta kudu.

A karkashin yanayi na halitta, tsirrai na iya kaiwa tsayin mita 1, amma idan aka girma a gida, girmanta yawanci baya wuce santimita 30. A lokacin rayuwa, yakan samar da matsakaitan launuka masu launuka iri-iri, launuka masu launin shuɗi mai duhu, a cikin nau'ikan da yawa an yi musu ado da tsarin zube na azurfa ko farin zano da tufka.

Yana fure tare da rare tsefe tsefe inflorescences wanda ya bayyana a kan dogon peduncles kuma kunshi mutane da yawa amphora furanni tare da corollas na ja, Orange, ruwan hoda ko kore.

Kuma duba yadda ake girma haworthia da aloe agave a cikin daki.

	Growtharancin girma.
	Mafi yawa blooms a tsakiyar bazara da farkon lokacin rani.
	Shuka yayi sauki cikin gida.
	Perennial shuka, har zuwa shekaru 20.

Dukiya mai amfani

Gasteria warty. Hoto

Gasteria ba ta da tabo. Hoto

A cikin ciyawar cikin gida, ana amfani da Gasteria ba wai kawai don kyawawan halayenta ba, har ma don iya ƙarfin iska da shakar iskar carbon dioxide daga ciki, harma da wasu cutarwa masu cutarwa. Kuma wannan shuka a cikin tsari na photosynthesis yana fitar da adadin oxygen mai yawa, saboda haka ana bada shawarar sanya shi, alal misali, a cikin dakuna.

Siffofin girma a gida. A takaice

Yanayin Zazzabi	A lokacin dumi, kusan + 24 ° С, a cikin hunturu - + 10- + 15 ° С.
Jin zafi	Ya saukar da, ba za mu fesa ba.
Haske	Haske warwatse. Dankin yana yarda da abun ciki a cikin inuwa, amma tare da rashin haske yana ci gaba da talauci.
Watse	Matsakaici a lokacin tsirrai masu aiki (sau ɗaya a mako), da wuya kuma gaza a lokacin hunturu (1 a cikin watanni 1-2).
Kasar	An sayo succulents ko an shirya daga turf da ƙasa mai ganye tare da ƙari da yashi da kayan kwance. Ba'a bada shawara don ƙara peat ga substrate.
Taki da taki	Lokaci 1 a cikin watanni 1-2 tare da raunin bayani na taki don cacti ko kowane samfuri mai lalacewa ga tsirrai na cikin gida.
Juyawar Gasteria	Sau ɗaya kowace shekara 2-3 ko ƙasa da ƙasa - kamar yadda yake girma daga tsohuwar tukunya.
Kiwo	Tsaba, ganyen magarya, yara.
Siffofin Girma	Gasteria a gida ta bushe ƙananan ganye yayin da take girma - wannan tsari ne na halitta, amma ya kamata a cire sassan ɓangaren tsire-tsire a cikin wani yanayi mai dacewa don kada kwari su shiga cikin su.

Gasteria: kulawar gida. Daki-daki

Gudun ruwa

Gungiyar Gasteria da wuya tayi fure a cikin ɗakuna kuma idan kawai "tana da nutsuwa" tare da yawan zafin jiki da ƙarfin haske. A cikin bazara ko lokacin rani, dogon farfajiya yana fitowa daga tsakiyar ɓangaren kwandon ganye, wanda akwai kyawawan furanni masu danshiping amphora tare da zane mai zane a cikin inuwar launuka masu haske na ja, lemo, rawaya da kore.

Yanayin Zazzabi

A cikin lokacin zafi, ana ajiye fure a zazzabi na + 20- + 25 ° С; a cikin hunturu ana tura ta zuwa wuri mai sanyaya inda ake kula da yawan zafin iska sama da + 15 ° С. A irin waɗannan yanayi, shuka yana da damar da za a huta cikakke kwanon fure na kaka mai zuwa.

Fesa

Gasteria fi son ƙananan zafi, sabili da haka, baya buƙatar ƙarin spraying.

Haske

Don ci gaba na yau da kullun, shuka yana buƙatar zagaye mai haske mai haske ko'ina cikin hasken rana daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Gasteria Gida unpretentious kuma zai iya daidaita da rayuwa a cikin inuwa, amma tare da karancin rana, a zahiri ba ya girma kuma lalle ba zai sami damar yin fure ba.

Watse

Kamar kowane mai nasara, yana jin daɗi a cikin yanayin bushewa kuma baya buƙatar ɗaukar ruwa mai yawa akai-akai. An ba da shawarar yin amfani da ƙasa a hankali, ƙyale shi ya bushe sosai tsakanin waterings.

A lokacin rani, ana shayar da shuka sau ɗaya a mako, a cikin hunturu - sau ɗaya a kowane watanni 1-2.

Wiwi

An zaɓi akwati don yin fure mai faɗi da yawa kuma mara nauyi (a cikin kwano mai zurfi yana girma da talauci kuma sau da yawa yana rashin lafiya). Wani abin da ake buƙata don zaɓin tukunya shine kasancewar rami mai magudanar ruwa don cire danshi mai yawa daga tushen sa.

Kasar

Gasteria da aka yi cikin gida yana girma sosai a cikin abin da aka saya don cacti da succulents, amma zaku iya shirya rarar ƙasa don shuka da kanku daga turf da ƙasa mai kauri, yashi mai yalwa da kowane kayan kwance (tubalin da aka karɓa, gawayi, gawayi, da sauransu). Ba'a bada shawara don ƙara peat a cikin ƙasa don dasa ba.

Taki da taki

Kulawa da Gasteria a gida na iya aikatawa ba tare da ciyar da komai ba idan an dasa shuka lokacin cikin wani sabon yanayi. Idan ana so, ana iya ciyar da itaciyar a lokaci-lokaci tare da ingantaccen bayani na taki na ruwa don babban nasara ko kowane shiri mai rikitarwa (wannan ya kamata a yi a lokacin ciyayi mai aiki ba fiye da 1 a cikin watanni 1-2).

Juyawa

Ana aiwatar da jujjuyawar Gasteria yayin da tushen tushe ke girma. Yawancin lokaci ana buƙatar sabon damar zuwa shuka kowane shekaru 2-3, saboda yana inganta a hankali a hankali.

Tsarin dasawa yana gudana ne ta hanyar jingina fure daga wannan tukunyar zuwa wani ba tare da lalata lakar tataccen ba.

Mai jan tsami

Yawancin nau'ikan basu samar da mai tushe ba, saboda haka wannan shuka baya buƙatar girke girkin. Koyaya, yayin aiwatar da haɓaka, fure a hankali yana bushe da ƙananan ganye - ya kamata a cire su a kai a kai don kada su haifar da yanayi mai dacewa don yaduwar kwari.

Lokacin hutawa

Dankin yana hutawa a cikin hunturu. A wannan lokacin, ana canza shi zuwa mai sanyi, amma mai haske mai ɗumi tare da zafin jiki na kimanin + 15 ° C, an rage yawan shayarwa zuwa mafi ƙarancin buƙata, kuma an dakatar da ciyar da ɗan lokaci gaba ɗaya.

Girma Gasteria daga tsaba

Ana shuka tsaba a cikin sako-sako, ƙasa mai laushi ƙasa, ba tare da yayyafa ko zurfafa ba. A ƙarƙashin fim ko gilashi a cikin wuri mai haske mai ban sha'awa, seedlings suna fitowa bayan watanni 1.5-2. Lokacin da aka kirkiro ganye na ainihi 3-4 akan tsire-tsire, ana iya dasa su cikin tukwane na dindindin.

Haihuwar Gasteria ta yara

Ana iya amfani da matakan gewaye ko jariran da ke zagaye da mahaifar mahaifa don samar da sababbin tsirrai. Lokacin da ake kiwo Gasteria ta wannan hanyar, yaran suna tono a hankali kuma, tare tare da ƙammar murɗa, ana tura shi zuwa sabon tukunyar mutum. Ana shayar da lingsan itacen kaɗan da hagu don gina tushen saiti.

Matasa tsirrai suna sannu a hankali suna fara girma, ba shi yiwuwa a hanzarta wannan tsari, saboda haka, kula da tsire-tsire ana aiwatar da shi a yanayin al'ada.

Maganin tsiro na Gasteria

Damuwar cikin sauki tana samu ne ta hanyar dasa ganyen lafiya daga uwa mai shuka. An shirya yankan kamar haka: a yanyanka yankan ganye masu kyau, bayan haka an bushe su har tsawon kwanaki 2-3, a yayyafa shi da wani yanki da ke yankann ƙwanƙwasa.

Kafe cuttings a sako-sako da, dan kadan moistring substrate, yayin da watering da su ba ya bukatar a yanka wuraren ba su rot. Ana kafa tushen a cikin kwanaki 20 - 30, bayan haka ana iya dasa bishiyar a cikin tukunyar mutum ɗaya. Sabbin tsiro za su jira, sau da yawa farkon su ciji kawai shekara guda bayan tushen.

Cutar da kwari

Matsaloli lokacin da ake girma a cikin masu girbi na fure ba su da yawa, kawai tare da babban keta dokokin kulawa da shuka, matsalolin kiwon lafiya na iya bayyana:

tsohon ganye curl da bushe kamar yadda shuka ke tsirowa tana ci gaba. Wannan tsari na halitta bashi da bukatar a tsangwama shi, kawai yana da mahimmanci a cire sassan jikin fure akai-akai don kada kwari masu hatsari su kiwo cikin su.
Bar wither, juya rawaya da kuma juya tare da wuce kima ruwa. Dankin ya yarda da lokacin bushewa na ɗan gajeren lokaci yafi sauƙin zafi sama da ƙasa, saboda haka kuna buƙatar shayar da shi sosai da gaskiya.
Bar budewa da kuma juya kodadde daga rashin hasken rana. Windows ɗin kudu ko kudu maso gabas sun fi dacewa da tsire-tsire masu girma.
Bar Gasteria juya launin rawaya sosai busassun wuraren suna bayyana a kansu - Waɗannan suna ƙonewa daga hasken rana kai tsaye. An bada shawara ga inuwa ga shuka ko cire shi na ɗan lokaci daga windowsill a cikin zafi da rana a cikin awanni na yamma.
Tushen lalata faruwa tare da waterlogging na kasar gona a hade tare da rashin iska zazzabi. Don ci gaban al'ada na shuka, yana da mahimmanci don tsayar da tsarin zafin jiki da tsarin ban ruwa.
Blush Bar saboda tsananin hasken wuta. Wannan sabon abu baya buƙatar magani kuma yawanci yakan ɓace akan lokaci.

Kwayar cutar haɗari za ta iya shafawa kamar mealybugs, ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo da kwari masu kwari, da kuma aphids ma a wasu lokatai suna zaune a shuka. Magungunan kwari na musamman zasu taimaka wajen kawar da kwari.

Nau'in gidaje tare da hotuna da sunaye

Gasteria warty (Gasteria adarina)

Mashahurin mashahuri ne a cikin gida mai ciyawa wanda ke samar da launuka masu ban mamaki na dogon ganye kore, saman wanda yake cike da kananan warts. Inflorescences sun bayyana akan shinge na tsayi (har zuwa 80 cm) kuma sunada dozin furanni iri-iri na fure mai launin shuɗi ko ruwan hoda-kore.

Gasteria Armstrong (Gasteria Armstrongii)

Wani sabon abu mai tsire-tsire mai ɗimbin yawa tare da kyawawan ganyayyaki masu kauri mai launin shuɗayyar launin shuɗi mai duhu. Shuka shuka ta smallanana, da wuya a shirya akan farfajiya, furanni masu launin shuɗi-mai-launi na elongated siffa kararrawa.

Gasteria marmara (Gasteria marmorata)

Fuskantar mara lafiya, bayyanar rosettes mai yawa na harshe-kamar ganyen marmara mai launi mai laushi tare da fasalin launuka na azurfa mara daidaitaccen tsari. Furannin tsire-tsire suna da kararrawa mai launin ja-mai launin shuɗi-elongate.

Gasteria (Gasteria maculata)

A matsakaici-sized iri-iri tare da dogon santsi ganye na duhu kore ya dafa tare da m juna na na yalwataccen aibobi na na al'ada siffar. A shuka blooms mai haske ja tare da kore edging mazurari-dimbin yawa furanni, tattara a cikin m tserese inflorescences.

Karin Gasteria (Gasteria liliputana)

Minianan ƙaramin nau'i ne wanda ke samar da m steynless rosettes na duhu kore lanceolate ganye an rufe shi da wani irin yanayin zakin aibobi. Peduncles har zuwa 30 cm tsayi yana fitowa daga tsakiyar rosette ko sinuses na ganye na sama kuma yana ɗaukar furanni da yawa kararrawa tare da corollas kore-ruwan hoda.

Kasterovaya Gasteria

Tsarin-matsakaici-iri tare da dogayen fure mai launin kore mai launin shuɗi mai launin fari, suna tara abubuwa marasa laushi. Furanni a cikin nau'ikan karrarawa na elongated Bloom a wasu lokutan akan shinge na tsayi, ana zana zane-zanen su a cikin launin shudi mai launin shuɗi.