Eustoma

Eustoma (Eustoma) - tsire mai tsire-tsire daga cikin iyali Gorechavkov, shrub. Asalin haihuwar eustoma shine Amurka ta Tsakiya, wato, Mexico da kuma kudancin Amurka. A tsayi, a cikin yanayi na iya isa 60 cm.

Matsakaicin girma na ƙararrawa mai ƙararrawa na Texas (kamar yadda ake kiranta) yana da ƙasa, a gida ana iya yin fure ta hanyar mai novice lambu tare da kulawar da ta dace. Tsawon rayuwar wannan shuka na cikin gida shekaru 1-2 ne, bayan haka an canza shuka. Flowering faruwa a lokacin rani, manyan-sized furanni kama karrarawa Bloom.

Hakanan duba yadda ake girma gloxinia na cikin gida da gimenokallis.

Siffofin girma a gida. A takaice

Eustoma: kulawar gida. Daki-daki

Gudun ruwa

Yana lissafin lokacin hunturu: mafi yawan lokuta shine Janairu-Fabrairu. Lokacin fure yana da dadewa, kamar yadda furanni suka bayyana a hankali bayan ɗaya. Don kula da kamannin yanayin, dole ne a cire dukkan furanni da ganyayyaki da ganye. Bayan an gama furanni, lokacin farawa ne, wanda zai dauki tsawon watanni.

Tsohon tsarin shayarwa da ciyar da eustoma yana sake komawa, ba da daɗewa ba bayan wannan sabon fure da sabon ganye sun bayyana. Bayyanar furanni masu fure sun dogara da iri-iri, sun banbanta da juna girman, tsari, launi da tsawon lokacin fure.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Mafi kyawun zazzabi don girma shine digiri 15-20. A wannan yanayin, furen zai faranta wa buds duk shekara, kuma idan ya yawaita yawan zafin jiki, fure zai zama ƙasa da yawa: sau ɗaya kowace shekara biyu. Temperaturearancin zafin jiki mara kyau yana cutar da haɓakar tsiro, akwai haɗarin cutar saboda yanayin sanyi.

Fesa

Home eustoma baya buƙatar fesawa: yana iya haifar da cututtuka daban-daban saboda yawan zafi.

Matsayi na yau da kullun zai isa ya samar da shuka tare da danshi.

Haske

Don tukunya tare da shuka, taga na kudu ya fi dacewa, wanda yake da wuta sosai. Amma hasken rana kai tsaye kada ya faɗi akan fure, saboda wannan, ganye da furanni zasu iya bushewa.

Eustoma a gida yana buƙatar haske mai yawa don hanya mai kyau na haɓaka da haɓaka abubuwa, don haka a cikin hunturu tukunya tare da shuka yana buƙatar haskakawa aƙalla awanni 12 tare da tushen hasken wucin gadi.

Watse

Ana aiwatar da shi tare da mita sau ɗaya a kowane mako biyu, da bukatar yin rigakafi ya ƙaddara kamar yadda topsoil ta bushe (yakamata ya bushe ta 2 cm). A cikin lokacin hutawa na fure na cikin gida, ya zama dole don rage yawan adadin ruwa - har zuwa lokaci 1 a wata.

Tukunyar Eustoma

Abinda ya fi dacewa don haɓakar karar Texas itace tukunyar filastik ce mai tsayi; yana da kyau a shuka wasu nau'in tsirrai a cikin tukwane. Tukunyar tukunya ya kamata ya zama mai girma cewa za a iya shimfiɗa magudanar cikin natsuwa a ƙasa (yumɓu da aka faɗa ko polystyrene da aka yanƙa sun dace da kayan magudanar ruwa).

Bai kamata ku ɗauki tukwane masu zurfi da zurfi ba: a wannan yanayin, shuka ba zai yi fure mai tsawo ba. Sai bayan tsarin tushen ya fadada kuma ya taɓa bangon tukunyar ne ake fara aikin fure.

Kasar

A matsayin ƙasa don eustoma, ƙasa don girma violet ya fi dacewa. Tsarin daskararre daga yumɓu mai yumɓu shine ya zama dole a kasan tukunyar. Ana iya yin ƙasa il aya da kansa: wannan yana buƙatar ha thea ƙasa, humus da yashi rami daidai gwargwado.

Kuna iya ƙara ɗan lemun tsami kaɗan zuwa cakuda. Acidin acid acid na ƙasa ya kamata ya zama tsaka tsaki ko kuma ɗan alkaline kaɗan.

Acidified ƙasa na iya haifar da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, kamar yadda sinadarin zinc ke haɓakawa kuma haɓakar tsiro yana raguwa.

Taki da taki

Kulawa da eustoma a gida ya hada da miya don girma da fure. Don waɗannan dalilai, takin mai magani mai dacewa, wanda akwai wadataccen adadin potassium. Yadda za a yada takin daidai yadda aka rubuta a kan umarnin. A matsakaici, shine gram 10-15 na guga na ruwan dumi.

Juyawa

Ba lallai ba ne a hargitsi tushen tsarin wannan shuka ba tare da buƙata ta musamman ba, sabili da haka, ana yin sauƙin eustoma da wuya. Bai yarda da wannan hanyar ba.

Mai jan tsami

An samar da shi azaman furanni da ganyayyaki sun bushe, haka kuma yayin lokacin sanyi. Dukkanin sassan da aka bushe an bada shawarar cire su don kula da bayyanar ado na fure dakin, kuma suna iya hana ci gaban sabbin harbewa.

An dasa shukar gida, yayin da koyaushe yana barin harbe da yawa tare da internodes.

Lokacin hutawa

An fara bayan fure ya gama. An yanke eustoma, kuma an canja tukunyar zuwa ɗakin mai sanyaya tare da zazzabi wanda bai wuce 15 ba. A wannan lokacin, ana rage yawan ruwa zuwa lokaci 1 a cikin makonni 3-4, haka kuma ana yin hutu a cikin aikin takin.

Girma eustoma daga tsaba

Ita ce babbar hanyar yaduwar shuka. Tsaba suna kanana kadan, a kan siyarwa koyaushe zaka same su a tsarin girma. Lokacin da shuka granules baya buƙatar rufe ƙasa: suna buƙatar warwatse a saman ƙasa, sannan a danƙa dan kadan tare da yatsunsu.

A saman tukunya an rufe shi da polyethylene, a cikin abin da aka sanya ramuka don numfashi da iska. Don kumburin ya bayyana, dole sai an lura da wani zazzabi: aƙalla digiri 23, da dare an yarda da digiri 15, amma ba ƙasa da ƙasa ba.

Kulawar seedling

Dole ne a yayyafa ƙasa da bindiga mai fesa. Ana iya ganin harbe-harbe na farko a cikin 'yan makonni biyu, ƙarƙashin duk ka'idojin kulawa na seedling. Dole ne a saka shi cikin wuri mai kyau (haske ya kamata ya faɗo akan shuka game da sa'o'i 10-12 a rana).

Idan tsaba ba su yi girma da kyau ba, to za a iya soke manyan gilashi tare da allura na bakin ciki kafin dasawa. Ba a cire fim ɗin nan da nan ba, a hankali buɗe buɗewar shuka don ba da damar yin amfani da shi ga yanayin muhalli na waje. roawance (matsakaita na 3-5 na itace) ana watsa su cikin tukunya bayan watanni 1.5-2, dole ne su kai girman akalla 10 cm.

Ya kamata a sa farkon fure a cikin watanni 4.

Cutar da kwari

Mai shuka yana iya samun wasu matsaloli:

• eustoma zai gushe - ofaya daga cikin dalilan na iya zama cuta ta fungal, wacce galibi ke haɓaka wannan fure;
• m launin toka a cikin ganyayyaki - Kwayar cuta ta Botritis (launin toka);
• buds ba su buɗe - shuka ba shi da isasshen hasken rana;
• eustoma Fade - wuce kima iska, tsayawar shuka a cikin daftarin;
• wilted furanni eustoma - wannan saboda rashin danshi ne a cikin ƙasa.

Babban kwari da ke shafar eustoma sau da yawa fiye da sauran: mealybugs, thrips, aphids, whiteflies, sauro naman sauro.

Nau'in eustoma na gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

Eustoma manyan-flowered (Jafananci ko ciyawa fure) (Eustoma grandiflorum, Lisithus russelianus)

Itace mai tsire-tsire irin na daji, ganyayyaki na iya zama tsayayye ko m. Furannin fure sun girma sosai, mai kararrawa, mai launi iri-iri ne (fari, ja, shuɗi, apricot, da sauransu). Yawancin lokaci monophonic ne, amma akwai nau'ikan sautin guda biyu tare da ƙayyadadden iyaka.

Mafi kyawun nau'ikan wannan nau'in:

• Wonderus Haske Brown - furen fure mai haske mai launi ruwan hoda ya bayyana, gefen yana da cikakkiyar fa'ida da bakin duhu;
• Colorado Purple - furanni shuɗi ba tare da ƙarin inclusions launi ba;
• Roccoco Marine White - furen fure tare da bakin shudi;
• Riba Green - furanni fari ne, na fili.

Eustoma tatsuniya

A shuka ya kai tsawo na 20 cm - a fairly low daji. Lokacin da furanni, furanni da yawa sun yi fure: suna terry zuwa taɓawa, launin ruwan hoda-shuɗi a launi.

Karin kararrawa

A daji ba ya wuce 20 cm ba ga tsawo, halin m cibiyar sadarwa daga rassan. Lokacin fure yana daɗewa na tsawon lokaci, furanni ƙanƙane a cikin girman, na iya zama launuka daban-daban, mazurari mai siffa da sifa. Chingwanƙwasa ɗan eustoma na wannan nau'in za a iya tsallakewa.

Gaskiya Eustoma

Girman nau'ikan ya kai tsawo ba fiye da cm 20. An kwatanta shi da babban adadin ƙananan fararen furanni.

Grade Florida Pink

An nuna shi ta bayyanar da fure mai ruwan hoda a lokacin fure, wanda sai ya juya zuwa furanni masu launin ruwan hoda mai ƙaramin girman girmansa.