Chlorophytum - kulawa da haifuwa a gida, nau'in hoto

Chlorophytum (Chlorophytum) - tsire-tsire mai ciyawa mai ciyawa. An fara bayyana shi a ƙarshen karni na XVIII. Shekaru ɗari bayan haka, wani fure ya bayyana a Turai. Amma masana ilimin botanists ba su yanke shawarar cikakken dangi wanda suka kasance ba - Asparagus, Liliaceae ko Agave. Chlorophytum ya bayyana a cikin dazuzzukan daji na Afirka, wanda aka samo a cikin yankunan Australia da Asiya. Sakamakon yanayin rashin tsari, yana daya daga cikin tsirrai da suka fi yawa a duniya.

Bushesan itace mai fasali mai launin shuki na chlorophytum yana girma zuwa 50 cm a tsayi da diamita. Shuka cikin sauri, samun girman girman shuka a cikin shekara. Suna zaune a gida na kimanin shekaru 10, to dole ne a sake shuka tsiro. Chlorophytum blooms a kowane lokaci na shekara. Furotes masu launin furanni 6-fure, mai kama da taurari. A wurin su girma "yara" akan dogayen falo.

Chlorophytum abu ne mai sauki a cikin komai: a cikin kulawa, haifuwa, har ma da sunan da ba shi da ma'ana. Kalmar ta samo asali ne daga tushen Girka na chloros da phyton kuma ta fassara a matsayin "tsiren kore".

Dukiya mai amfani na chlorophytum

Chlorophytum sahihiyar iska ce, kore huhu a gida. Zane a cikin hadaddun ƙwayoyin carbon (formaldehyde, chloroethylene, benzene), yana ba da oxygen sosai. A shuka sakewa maras tabbas, disinfecting na cikin iska. Yana rage taro da kayan karafa masu nauyi; yana magance sinadarin nicotine.

Sabili da haka, fure chlorophytum yana da mahimmanci a cikin gidaje inda masu shan sigari, masu fama da ƙwayar cuta da kuma mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan huhu ke zaune. Ta hanyar tsarkake iska, chlorophytum shima yana shayar da shi, yana taimakawa wajen shan amo. A rana guda, tsirrai 5 masu matsakaici ke matakin hadadden haɗari akan yankin 10 m². A cikin Afirka, ana amfani da chlorophytum azaman maganin cin abinci na yara.

Kula da chlorophytum a gida (a takaice)

Kafin yanke shawarar shuka chlorophytum a gida, kuna buƙatar gano abubuwan da ake son shuka da kuma kayan aikin kula da shi:

Kula da chlorophytum a gida. Daki-daki

Chlorophytum a gida yana da sauki girma ko da ma farkon mai girbi ne. Amma namo da "kore shuka" dole ne a kusata da alhakin, pre-nazarin da zaɓin ta. Sannan furen zai iya haɓaka da jituwa da kyau.

Kwayar chlorophytum

Fitar Chlorophytum tana faruwa a kowane lokaci wanda bai dace da lokacin sanyi ba, galibi daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba. A karkashin yanayi mai kyau, tsirran ya yi fure har tsawon wata guda, yana yin ƙaramin furanni masu furanni tare da dogayen furanni, da ake yi da taurari, masu kama da taurari. Furanni suna taru cikin farar fata farin kaya.

A wurin su, rosettes na sabo ganye suna bayyana, wanda zaka iya shuka sabbin bushes. Idan an cire kwasfan da ba dole ba, fure zai ci gaba. Chlorophytum na balagagge a cikin yanayin tsararru na matasa matasa suna kama da maɓallin koren fure mai ban sha'awa. Masu mallakar chlorophytum mai fiɗa remove suna cire kututtukan da ke kama da kunne don adana haske na ganye.

A cikin nau'ikan orange, an cire farfajiyar don bushes ɗin ya riƙe “Furancinsu”. M tukunya da ƙuruciya na iya haifar da rashin fure.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Furen chlorophytum na fure a gida baya buƙatar tsayayyen tsarin zazzabi, kodayake ana ɗauka mafi kyau don kiyaye shuka a + 9 - 18 ° C. A cikin hunturu, zafin jiki ya ɗan ɗan rage sauƙi saboda a cikin sanyin sanyi Chlorophytum ya huta da kyau. Matsakaicin raguwar da fure zai iya jurewa ya kai + 7 ° C (Wannan alama ce mai mahimmanci, yana da kyau kada a kawo shi). A lokacin rani, karuwa a cikin sashin Mercury mai yiwuwa ne zuwa + 25 ° C.

Tsarin daskararre da iska mai sanyi suna cutar da fure.

Fesa

Fesa wani muhimmin bangare ne na kulawa da shuka. Kodayake chlorophytum yana haƙuri da bushewar iska a cikin gida, amma yana son wannan hanya, kamar ruwan wanka. A lokacin rani, ana yin spraying sau da yawa. A cikin hunturu - ƙasa da sau da yawa, amma ba su dakatar da komai ba, musamman idan tsire-tsire yana kusa da batura.

Ana fesa ganyen Chlorophytum da ruwa mai ruwa sosai da maraice, don kare fure daga kunar rana a jiki. Daga dabarun bushe da rawaya na ganye, zaku iya yanke hukunci cewa lokaci yayi da za ku fesa furen.

Idan chlorophytum yayi girma a cikin tukunya, kuma ba kamar shuka na ampel ba, ana iya saka shi a cikin kwanon ruɓa tare da ɗigon lemo (Tushen bai taɓa ruwan ba). Wannan zai taimaka wajen kiyaye zafi.

Haske

Don kiyaye chlorophytum lafiya da kyakkyawa, kulawar gida yana ba ku shawara don tsara yadda ya kamata. Zaɓin hasken haske ya dogara da nau'in shuka, kodayake yawancin chlorophytum sun fi son watsa haske mai haske, amma ɗaukar hoto koyaushe ga haske mai haske na iya haifar da ƙonewar ganye.

Shading yana shafar ingancin launi da kamannin ganyayyaki: “lya ”ayi” jinsunan suna daidaita ganye, kuma nau'ikan da suka bambanta suna rasa haske. Tare da ɗan girgiza shagali, kawai za a iya samo nau'in kore. Chlorophytum an rarrabe shi a matsayin tsirrai mai haƙuri-inuwa, amma a ƙarƙashin ƙaramin haske launi na ganyayyaki yana raguwa da sauri, furen yana zama mai narkewa, ci gabanta yana raguwa.

A bushes ji mafi kyau a kudu maso ko kudu maso yamma na cikin dakin. A lokacin bazara, ana fitar da chlorophytum zuwa iska mai kyau, can nesa da zafin rana da ruwan sama.

Watse

Watering kowane tsire-tsire yana buƙatar kulawa da kulawa sosai. Idan tsarin tushen bashi da lokaci don shan adadin ruwan da aka zuba, zai fara jujjuyawa. A cikin chlorophytum, tushen yana da kauri da iko. A cikinsu, danshi ya dawwara na dogon lokaci. Yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye ƙasa a cikin tukunyar danshi, amma kada ya kasance danshi mai laima.

Kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa zai taimaka wajen hana magudi na ruwa. Ana shayar da Chlorophytum sosai a kwanakin rani, kowane kwana uku, a cikin hunturu - sau ɗaya kowace kwana 7, ƙoƙarin zubo ruwa tare da gefan tukunyar, kuma ba a tsakiyar daji ba. Kuna iya fahimta lokacin da ake buƙatar yin ruwa ta hanyar bayyanar thickenings a kan tushen, bushewa da faɗuwar ganye, da bushewa na ƙasa. Ana shayar da fure tare da ruwa mai ɗumi.

Don kiyaye danshi a cikin ƙasa, ciyawa tare da kayan kwakwa.

Chlorophytum Dankali

Dole ne daji ya girma da sauri, don haka dole ne a canza tukunya sau da yawa, ba cewa diamita na sabon akwati ya kamata ya zama girma 3 - 5 cm .. An zaɓi tukunya don chlorophytum mai fadi kuma ba mai tsayi sosai ba wanda ya sa tushen da ke haɓaka yaɗun girma. A cikin akwati m, shuka ba zaiyi fure ba. Amma canzawa chlorophytum cikin akwati mafi sarari, dole ne mutum ya wuce gona da iri tare da zaɓin diamita: a cikin tukunya mai fadi da yawa, shuka zai dauki lokaci mai tsayi a ciki, wanda ke nufin zai ɗauki tsawon lokaci kafin ya yi fure.

A cikin tukunyar yumɓu, ruwa yana bushewa da sauri, kuma chlorophytum yana ƙaunar ƙasa ta zama danshi, saboda haka tukunyar yumbu ba ta dace da fure ba. Yawancin lokaci kore kore, kamar shuka na ampel, ana shuka su a cikin rataye fure. Wasu yan lambu suna dasa shukar a cikin tubs tare da dabino.

Wani lokaci, maimakon tukunya na gargajiya, ana shuka chlorophytum a cikin akwati na gilashin ko a cikin florarium da aka yi daga wani filin ruwa mai fili. Kewaye da launuka masu launuka iri-iri, tauraro da bawo, yana da kyau.

Chlorophytum na farko

Soilasa don chlorophytum tana buƙatar sako-sako da haske. Kuna iya siyan cakuda da aka shirya don ciyawar fure. Madadin da ya dace don wardi, begonias ko dabino, wanda ke da tsaka tsakin acid (pH 6.4 - 7.3). Tare da amsawar acidic ko alkaline, tsire-tsire zai ci gaba da talauci. Za ku iya shirya substrate kanku, shan 1 rabo daga ƙasa turf, peat, ƙasa ganye da kuma 0.5 rabo daga perlite. Yana da mahimmanci don amfani da magudanar ruwa mai kyau - daga guda na bulo, m pebbles, yumɓu masu yalwa.

Kwanan nan, ana shuka chlorophytum sau da yawa ba a cikin ƙasa ba, amma a cikin ruwa mai ruwa. Bushes ɗin da aka dasa ta wannan hanyar a cikin florariums sunyi kama da kallo. Amma, bin salon, kuna buƙatar sanin wasu fasalolin girma furanni a cikin ruwa mai ruwa. Plantsananan tsire-tsire sun fi dacewa da wannan: suna ɗaukar tushe cikin sauƙi a cikin sabon yanayin.

Ana wanke Tushen daji daga ƙasa kafin dasawa. Chlorophytum a cikin hydrogel ba'a sanya shi cikin haske mai haske ba. Ana wanka Hydrogel lokaci-lokaci saboda babu matsewar ruwa. Don kiyaye danshi a cikin hydrogel, wani lokaci ana ƙara ruwa a ciki.

Taki da taki

Ciyar da takin mai magani yana taimakawa chlorophytum kiyaye ganyayyaki kuma su zama masu haske; goyi bayan furen yayin ƙirƙirar 'yar' rosettes 'da haɓaka haɓakar "yara." Daga bazara zuwa kaka, ana ciyar da chlorophytum sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 14 zuwa 21 tare da ruwa na ruwa a duniya da aka narkar da shi a cikin rabin.

An ba da isasshen samfuran balaga a cikin bazara, lokacin 1 a shekara. Wasu lambu wasu lokuta suna ciyar da shuka tare da jiko na kwana uku na kwasfa banana, wanda shine asalin abubuwan asalin abubuwan da aka gano da bitamin. Ana amfani da riguna na sama ga ƙasa mai laushi cikin maraice ko a cikin yanayin hadari. A cikin hunturu, Chlorophytum ba ya haduwa.

Bayan dasawa da fure, makonni 1, 5 ya kamata su wuce, kawai sai su fara ciyar da shi.

Chlorophytum dasawa

Ana buƙatar dasa Chlorophytum idan tushen shuka ya fara bayyana daga ramin magudanar tukunyar. Yawancin lokaci ana yin shuka ciyayi matasa a shekara - a cikin bazara, kuma wani lokacin dole ne a yi wannan sau da yawa a shekara - saboda haka matasa chlorophytum ke girma da sauri. Balagagge masu tasowa suna buƙatar ƙasa da dasawa - bayan kimanin shekaru 2, 5.

Adult bushes wani lokacin just refresh thesoil, ba tare da dasawa. Ana cire fure daga tukunya, bincika asalin sa. An bushe bushewa ko lalatattun abubuwa. An yanke wuraren da aka yanke tare da yankakken gawayi da bushe kadan. Dasa a cikin sabon tukunya wanda ya sa bangon da kasan akwai 3, 5 cm, wanda ya sa Tushen ke nan da yardar rai kuma zai iya ci gaba.

Ofasan tanki dole ne a cika ta da magudanar ruwa.

Mai jan tsami

Ganyen shuka yana kafawa ne a tsakiyar tushen rosette. Don ƙirƙirar kambi na daji, ba a yanka chlorophytum ba. Ganyen a wannan yanayin ana yin shi ne don dalilai na kwaskwarima don baiwa furen fati bayyanannu. Yin amfani da hanya, ana cire bushe ko ganye. Wasu lokuta kan datse kwandunan 'ya mace waɗanda ke ciyar da ruwan madara na uwa kuma suna raunana haɓakarta.

Lokacin hutawa

Chlorophytum ya shirya tsaftace iska na cikin gida duk shekara, sauran lokacin a bayyane yake ba a bayyana. Aikin maigidan da ke kula da shi shine ya tura fure ya huta domin ya ɗora sabbin furannin fure. A cikin hunturu, ana sake shirya chlorophytum a cikin daki mai sanyi, sun daina ciyarwa kuma ba a shayar da su sosai.

Zai yuwu barin chlorophytum ba tare da barin hutu ba?

Idan kun tafi hutu don makonni 2, zaku iya kwantar da hankula: chlorophytum zai iya tsayayya da rashin ruwa. Kafin barin, kuna buƙatar shayar da fure kuma sake shirya shi a cikin wurin da aka rufe. A wannan lokacin, ganye na iya sauka, amma babu matsalolin insoluble da za su taso.

Idan kun shirya tsawon rashi, zai fi kyau a nemi dangi su kula da “ciyawar kore”, da barin ruwa da tsarin jigilar ban ruwa. Dole a buɗe akwati na ruwa a kusa da fure don kula da yanayin zafi.

Chlorophytum na gida ba mai nema ba ne game da yanayin tsarewa, idan ma an ƙirƙiri yanayin farko, zai gamsar da kyakkyawan kyakkyawan ra'ayi.

Sake bugun Chlorophytum

Dogaro da nau'in shuka, haifuwar chlorophytum mai yiwuwa ne ta hanyoyi daban-daban.

Girma chlorophytum daga tsaba

An yarda da shi don nau'in halittar da ba su haifar da "yara" ba, alal misali, don ruwan 'ya'yan itace chlorophytum.

• Sabbin tsaba suna nannade cikin rigar rigar ruwa da sanya shi cikin kwandon filastik.
• Rufewa, sawa a + 25 - 28 ° C, lokaci-lokaci yana goge adiko na goge baki.
• Bayan makonni 2, lokacin da '' ƙyanƙyashe 'suke, ana dasa su a cikin ƙasa mai laushi zuwa zurfin 5 mm, yin hankali kada ku lalata dogon fari.
• Rufe tare da fim kuma barin a cikin wurin dumi.
• An cire fim din a ruwa da kuma sanyaya shuka.
• Lokacin da aka ƙirƙiri ganye na gaskiya (2 - 3), seedlings ke narkewa.

Sake bugun ƙwayar chlorophytum

Hanya mai sauƙi wacce rosettes, girma zuwa 5 - 8 cm, rabu da farfajiya. A wannan lokacin, yawancin kantuna sun riga sun samo asali, amma idan ba su bane, daji yana kafe a cikin ƙasa mai kwance ko cikin ruwa (ya kamata a canza ruwa sau da yawa). Idan aka kafe cikin ruwa, sun jira har sai tushen ya bayyana. Sa'an nan kuma an dasa shi a cikin ƙasa. Matasa "yara" suna ɗaukar tushe cikin sauri. Ufan da ke yayyafa da curly ana iya yadu dashi ta wannan hanyar. Amma hanyar ba ta dace da filo da Cape chlorophytum ba: ba su da "gashin-baki".

Yaduwar chlorophytum ta hanyar rarraba daji

Irin wannan yaduwar yaduwa a cikin shuka yake.

• A cikin shuka da aka fitar daga tukunyar, an wanke rhizome.
• Tare da wuka mai kaifi, rarraba shi cikin guntu, yayyafa yanke tare da foda gawayi.
• An cire Tushen lalacewa, an lalatar da tushen elongated da rabi.
• An dasa sassan da aka shirya a cikin ƙasa. Zaɓin mai sauri don samun daji mai ƙarfi.

Ta wannan hanyar, ana bada shawara don sake farfado da daji kowane shekaru 5. Wannan hanyar ta dace da yaduwar dukkanin jinsuna.

Lokaci mafi dacewa don haifuwar chlorophytum shine bazara, lokacin da chlorophytum, wanda aka huta a lokacin hunturu, a shirye yake ya ba da sabon tsiro.

Cutar da kwari

Yawanci, tare da kulawa da ta dace, chlorophytum yana girma da ƙoshin lafiya - kyakkyawa "ainihin shuka", amma wani lokacin cutar da kwari ta kai masa. Furen zai bayar da rahoton matsala ta hanyar canzawar:

• ganye chlorophytum ya zama mai launin toka - rot daga tushen daga naman gwari (idan tushen ya yi baƙi, ba za a iya tsirar da shuka ba; idan an shafi ƙananan wuraren, an cire su, an yayyafa wuraren da aka sanya shi da foda, a yayyafa shi cikin sabuwar ƙasa kuma ba a shayar da kwanaki ba, tsayawa cikin inuwa);
• kwalliyar launin ruwan kasa na ganye na chlorophytum - rashin abinci mai gina jiki ko zazzabi mai yawa a cikin ɗakin (abinci, sake shirya a cikin wani wuri mai sanyi, bar iska ta iska);
• launin rawaya launin ruwan ganye a kan ganye na chlorophytum a cikin hunturu - wuce haddi danshi (zaku iya bushe Tushen, dasa fure a cikin sabuwar ƙasa, kar ku shayar da shi tsawan kwanaki; daidaita ruwa);
• ganye mai juya tare da rawaya-launin ruwan kasa, gefuna launin ruwan kasa na ganye na chlorophytum - kasafin danshi mai yawa (ruwa mai yalwa, ingantaccen ruwa);
• chlorophytum yana girma a hankali - rashin abinci mai gina jiki, karamin haske (abinci, sake shiryawa a wani wuri mai haske, kunna fitila);
• chlorophytum baya haifar yara - tukunyar daskararre ko rashin girma na fure (an watsa shi cikin tukunyar da ta fi fili);
• ganye chlorophytum ya zama kodadde - karamin haske ko rashin nitrogen (sake shiryawa a wani wuri mai haske, abinci);
• decays a cikin cibiyar - wuce haddi danshi (bushe Tushen furen, dasa shi cikin sabuwar ƙasa, kar a sha shi tsawan kwanaki, sannan a gyara ruwa);
• ganye sun zama laushi - shuka yana da sanyi (sake shirya a cikin wurin dumi);
• haske launin ruwan kasa mai bushe akan ganye - kunar rana a jiki (pritenit);
• busasshen ganye - iska mai bushe a cikin ɗakin (fesa, sanya a kan wata pallet tare da yumɓu mai laushi);
• chlorophytum ya fara faɗuwa a gefenta - daji ya yi yawa (ya kasu kashi biyu kuma an dasa shi);
• ganye juya baki a lokacin rani - kadan danshi, busasshiyar iska (zuba ruwa mai yalwa, fesa, saka pallet tare da yumbu da aka faɗaɗa).

Wani lokaci chlorophytum yana shafar kwari: thrips, aphids, mealybug, nematode. Ana amfani da magungunan kashe kwari a kansu. Idan akwai pestsan karin kwari, ya kamata ku fara gwada hanyoyin mutane.

Nau'in chlorophytum na gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

A ƙarƙashin yanayi na yanayi, an samo ɗan adam fiye da 200 na chlorophytum. A gida, wasu daga cikinsu ana noma su.

Crested Chlorophytum (Chlorophytum comosum)

Mafi yawan nau'in chlorophytum. Elongated kunkuntar (game da 2 cm) ganye rataya da yardar kaina. Suna da layin lanceolate da launin kore mai haske. Kibiya ya girma har zuwa 100 cm, fararen ƙananan furanni masu launin shuɗi na farko akan shi (har zuwa guda 7), to - "jariri".

Wasu daga nau'ikansa sune mafi mashahuri.

Bambancin (Chlorophytum Vittatum)

Doguwar farar farin ta kama tare da farantin takardar.

Bambancin (Chlorophytum Variegatum)

Rawan mai haske yana gudana tare da gefan faranti.

Chlorophytum curly (Bonnie) (Chlorophytum comosum Bonnie)

Karamin daji tare da gajerun ganye mai siffofi suna ba wa shuka kyakkyawan kallo. A tsakiyar farantin takardar a bayyane yake tare da tsiri mai tsami.

Chlorophytum orange, ko tauraron orchid (Chlorophytum orchidastrum)

Wani nau'in halitta daban da sauran nau'in chlorophytum. Tsawon daji ya kai cm 40. Daga basal ɗin Rosal, babba, alterna leavesan ganye suna da ƙarfi a kan dogon petioles na orange. Suna da duhu koren launi. Gajarta fasalin gajere tana kama da kunne na masara. "Yara" siffofin da wuya.

A gida, nau'ikan 2 sukan girma:

Daban-daban (Green Orange)

Farin fatar ganye mai duhu mai duhu ya zauna akan ɗanyen fure mai haske. Yankin tsaye a kan takardar yana da launi iri ɗaya.

Fasali (Flash Gobara)

Abinda ya bambanta shi da Green Orange shine rashi madaidaicin tsinkayen lemo mai haske; kawai bakin ciki na haske mai haske a bayyane.

Cape chlorophytum (Babban kwalaba na Chlorophytum)

Wide (tsayi 3 cm) elongated (kusan 60 cm) ganye kore mai haske. Suna da siffar tsagi. A kan gajerun kafaffun ƙananan furanni masu fararen dusar ƙanƙan fari. Babban bambanci daga chlorophytum da aka rufa shine, a sakamakon fure, babu "yara".

Chlorophytum kyakkyawan shuka ne ga gidan, wanda aka samo a kusan kowane gida. Ganyayyaki masu laushi suna tayar da halayyar kirki kuma suna tsarkake iska. Shuka cikin rataye rataye ko a cikin furanni, bushes na "kore shuka" yana buɗe sararin samaniya da kuma nuna bambancinsa.