Cissus - kulawar gida, nau'in hoto

Cissus shine rhomboid. Hoto

Cissus (lat. Cissus) - halittar ɗanyen tsirrai na gidan innabi (Vitaceae). Ana tsammanin tropics mahaifarsa ce.

Cissus ya sami sunan ta daga kalmar Helenanci "kissos", wanda ke nufin "aiwiwa". Yawancin nau'ikan sune creepers. Wannan yana nufin ana nuna su ta hanyar haɓaka mai sauri: 60-100 cm a kowace shekara. Amfani da shi don aikin lambu na tsaye, as tsoho shuka ya kai tsawon 3 m ko fiye.

Wakilan kwayoyin halitta sun bambanta a bayyanar da yanayi na girma. Koyaya, waɗanda ake amfani dasu azaman al'adun daki ba su da ma'ana. Furanni a cissus ƙananan, an tattara su cikin inflorescences a gindi na ganyayyaki. Akwai launin rawaya ko kore. Plantarancin gida shuka da wuya blooms.

	Babban girma girma, 60-100 cm a kowace shekara.
	Plantarancin gida shuka da wuya blooms.
	Sauki girma shuka
	Perennial shuka.

Dukiya mai amfani, alamu

Cissus yana da launuka masu yawa. Hoto

Cissus moisturizes iska a cikin Apartment, saturates shi da amfani maras tabbas. Mutumin da yake numfashi irin wannan iska yana aiki sosai kuma yana gajiya sosai. Phytoncides yana yaki da rashin lafiyar jiki. Bugu da kari, ganyen tsire-tsire sha na formaldehydes.

Ban sha'awa! Wasu yan lambu sunyi imanin cewa cissus shine "miji", yana ba da gudummawa ga zina maza.

Cissus: kulawar gida. A takaice

Yi la'akari da taƙaitaccen abubuwan buƙatun don abun ciki na cissus a gida:

Yanayin Zazzabi	Matsakaici ko dan kadan. A lokacin rani, ba sama da + 21-25^{game da}C, a cikin hunturu - ba ƙasa da +10 ba^{game da}C.
Jin zafi	Bai yarda da bushewar iska ba. Ana buƙatar fesawa mako-mako. Yana amsawa da kyau zuwa ɗakin wanka ko wanka. Increasedarin bukatun don zafi a c. varicoloured (discolor): ya kamata a fesa kullun.
Haske	Yana tsayayya da inuwa mara kyau da hasken ba tare da hasken rana kai tsaye ba.
Watse	Matsakaici: a lokacin rani sau 2-3 a mako kamar yadda saman yake bushewa. A cikin hunturu, an rage yawan ruwa zuwa sau 2 a wata.
Kasar	Babu wasu buƙatu na musamman. Dace ƙasa mai dacewa daga shagon. Yana da mahimmanci cewa ƙasa ta wuce ruwa da iska sosai. Dole ne a sami magudanar ruwa a cikin tukunya.
Ciyar da takin zamani	Ciki kai na yau da kullun tare da shayarwa a kowace kwanaki 14-20. A cikin hunturu, shuka ba ya takin.
Cissus dashi	An dasa tsire-tsire matasa kowane watanni shida. Wani dattijo wanda ya wuce shekara 3 zai iya girma a cikin tukunya ɗaya na shekaru 3-4. A wannan yanayin, za a sake sabunta abincin a shekara a shekara.
Kiwo	A gida, yaduwa ta hanyar yanke 5-10 cm tsayi, waɗanda ke da tushe sosai a ruwa ko peat ba tare da ƙarin tsari ba.
Siffofin Girma	Ba ya buƙatar yanayi girma na musamman. A lokacin rani, zaku iya ci gaba da baranda ko kuma ɗakin kwana. Ka nisanci zane-zanen. Don samar da wata lush kambi, tsunkule da harbe. Wannan yana motsa sabo.

Kula da cissus a gida. Daki-daki

Duk da gaskiyar cewa an dauki tsire-tsire marasa amfani, don nasarar kula da cissus a gida, kuna buƙatar bin wasu buƙatu.

Gudun ruwa

Furen cissus na fure a gida kusan baya sakin shi. An ƙimma shuka don saurin girma, kyawawan launuka da ganye.

Girma kamar kayan ado na ado.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Daban-daban nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan iri iri 6 da nau'ikan cissus sun sha bamban. Koyaya, yanayin janar ya dace da abinda ke cikin ɗakin.

Kiyaye asalin asalin tsiro, don mafi yawancin nau'ikan bazara kuna buƙatar kula da zazzabi na 21-25 ^{game da}C. Bai kamata a kyasta zafi sosai ba.

A cikin hunturu, ana sanya cissus na gida a zazzabi ba ƙasa da + 8-12 ^{game da}C. Babban abokan gaban shuka a wannan lokacin sune bushewar iska, ambaliyar ruwa da sauran kantuna.

Mahimmanci! Don thermophilic cissus mai yawa, zazzabi a cikin hunturu kada ya faɗi ƙasa +16^{game da}C.

Fesa

Tun da cissus shine tsire-tsire masu zafi, yana buƙatar ƙirƙirar zafi mai zafi. Ana samun wannan ta hanyar spraying na yau da kullun a duk yankin ganyayyaki da kewayen shuka. Feshi ne yawanci ana aiwatar da kowane mako, a lokacin rani zafi sau da yawa.

Gabatar da yanayin da yanayin shuka. Kyawawan launi na cissus yana buƙatar fesawa kullun don kula da yanayi mai laushi koyaushe a cikin ganyayyaki.

Shawara! Cissus yana son ɗumi mai ɗumi. Za a iya yin wanka a lokacin sanyi da kuma lokacin rani. Yayin aikin, kuna buƙatar tabbatar da cewa ƙasa ba ta da ruwa (rufe tukunyar tare da polyethylene).

Haske

Zaɓin wuri a cikin gidan ya dogara da nau'ikan shuka da nau'in shuka. Don haka, rhomboid cissus (c. Rhombfolia) yana da cikakkiyar fassara kuma yana haɓaka duka biyu a cikin rana da kuma inuwa m. Yana tsayayya ko da mafi munin yanayin hasken wuta. Antarctic cissus (c. Antarcrica) shine mafi yawan buƙatu kuma yana buƙatar rarrabuwar haske, amma kuma yana jin daɗi a cikin inuwa m. Ana samun haske mai yalwataccen haske idan kun motsa tukunya tare da shuka 1.5 m daga hasken rana.

Mafi kyawu da hankali ga haske - kyan launuka masu yawa. Dole ne a sanya shi a cikin m inuwa, kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Matsayi mai kyau - windows da yamma ko 1.5-2 m daga taga kudu.

Watse

Duk nau'ikan da nau'ikan suna da ganye da yawa waɗanda ke ci gaba da kwashe danshi. Don haka, a gida, cissus yana buƙatar shayarwa akai-akai. Ba wai kawai a lokacin rani ba, har ma a lokacin hunturu, lokacin da shuka take fama da bushewar iska.

A cikin bazara da bazara, a cikin tsawon girma, ana shayar da su kamar yadda ƙasa ke bushewa. A cikin yanayi mai zafi, yin ruwa na iya zama kowace rana. A cikin hunturu, suna jagorantar da yanayin ƙasa. A wannan lokacin, ana rage ruwa zuwa lokaci 1 a cikin makonni 2-3.

A cikin hunturu, kuna buƙatar musamman saka idanu kan ingancin ban ruwa. A cikin yanayin sanyi, ƙasa tana bushewa a hankali, kuma ambaliya tana iya haifar da lalacewar tushen har sai mutuwar shuka. A wannan yanayin, zaka iya ajiye seedling kawai ta hanyar dasawa cikin sabuwar bushe ƙasa tare da ƙari na fungicides.

Tukunyar Cissus

Kamar yadda yake tare da sauran tsirrai na cikin gida, an zaɓi tukunya don ƙarar tushen tushe. Ganuwar tukunyar tukunya ya kamata ya kasance santimita 1.5-2 nesa daga tataccen tukunyar.Da ƙanana matasa, kwantena tare da diamita na 9 cm ya isa.Daga kowane juyawa, ɗauki tukunya mafi girma. An girma shuka mai girma a cikin kwantena tare da diamita na kusan 30 cm.

Shawara! A cikin tukunya, ya zama dole don samar da rami na magudanar ruwa don sakin yawan danshi.

Tunda cissuses sune itacen inabin mai lalacewa, kuna buƙatar tunani a gaba yadda zasu girma. Don nau'ikan ampel, zaɓi tukunya a kan manyan farfajiya ko a cikin tukwane na rataye. Don shinge na tsaye, za a buƙaci tsarin ƙarin tallafi, za a buƙaci hotunan grille.

Primer for cissus

Don cin nasarar nasara ba ya buƙatar ƙasa ta musamman. Ya dace da duniya gaba daya daga shagon. Hakanan, ana iya shirya ƙasa da kansa. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar takarda da ƙasa turɓaya, yashi, peat da lambun lambu a cikin rabo na 2: 1: 0.5: 1: 1. Babban yanayin shi ne cewa sakamakon ya zama dole ne iska da ruwa mai yiwuwa. Don haɓaka waɗannan halayen, an ƙara vermiculite ko perlite a cikin ƙasa.

Taki da taki

Sakamakon haɓakar aiki da babban taro na ganye, cissus yana buƙatar miya na yau da kullun. Universal ruwa taki domin na ado da deciduous tsire-tsire amfani tare da watering. Sashi da mita ya dogara da shawarar da ya samar da takin zamani.

Nasihu na yau da kullun - babban riguna 1 kowane mako 2-3. A cikin hunturu, ba a amfani da takin mai magani ba.

Shuka ba ya buƙatar takin mai magani a farkon watanni bayan dasawa zuwa sabuwar ƙasa. Yana da isasshen abubuwan gina jiki da ake samu a cikin ƙasa.

Cissus dashi

Dukkanin abubuwanda ake buƙata suna gudana ta hanyar hanyar isar da saƙo: daga tsohuwar tukunya, an cire tsire a hankali tare da ƙammar ƙura kuma, ba tare da girgiza ba, sanya shi cikin sabon akwati. The voids kafa a bango suna cike da ƙasa.

Mitar sauyawar ya dogara da shekaru da girman haɓakar cissus. Wani ɗan sapling na buƙatar sabon tukunyar da ya fi girma diamita kowane watanni shida. A shekaru 3 da haihuwa, cissus yana girma a cikin tukunya ɗaya don shekaru 3-4 ko fiye. Tare da saka riguna na yau da kullun a wannan yanayin, ya isa ya maye gurbin topsoil a shekara.

Mai jan tsami

Spring pruning da pinching na harbe haifar da ƙarin Branching. Wannan aikin yana gudana don samar da kyakkyawan kambi mai kauri. Bugu da ƙari ga kayan kwalliya na ado, yana kuma da aikin tsabtace jiki: duk wilted, mara lafiya ko an shafa harbe an cire su nan da nan.

Lokacin hutawa

A cikin kore inji kuwa ba ya da matsala kuma ba shi da lokacin magana. Tare da abun ciki na ɗakin, cissus mai launin launuka masu yawa na iya sauke ganye don hunturu da girma sababbi a cikin bazara. Lokacin kiyayewa, ya zama dole a lura da tsarin zafin jiki wanda aka bada shawarar kowane yanayi.

Girma cissus daga tsaba

Ta wannan hanyar, cissus yana girma Antarctic da quadrangular (c. Quadrangularis).

Ana shuka tsaba a cikin bazara a cikin wani sako mai kwance (peat, sand).
Isasa ta jike.
Amfanin gona an rufe shi da murfi ko gilashi kuma an bar shi a ɗaki mai sanyi a zazzabi na + 21-25 ^{game da}C.
A tanki lokaci-lokaci yana samun iska, ana sa ƙasa ta dafe.
Harbe yana bayyana ba daidai ba har tsawon makonni 1-4.
A mataki na ganyayyaki 2 na ainihi, an daɗaɗa su a cikin tukwane daban-daban tare da diamita na 5-7 cm.

Cissus kiwo

Cissus an sami nasarar yada shi ba ta hanyar tsaba kawai ba, har ma da ciyayi: ta hanyar rarraba daji ko ta hanyar yanke.

Farfagandar cissus ta yanke

Daga tsararren shuka, ana yanka ganyayyaki 5-10 cm tsayi tare da toho kuma an yanke ganye 2.

Ana sanya shank a cikin ruwa mai ɗumi ko abin da aka sako (peat, sand). Tushen suna bayyana bayan makonni 1-2.

Idan kun rufe kwandon tare da yankan tare da filastik kunsa don ƙirƙirar tasirin kore, ana iya haɓaka Tushen.

Da zaran Tushen ya bayyana, ana dasa ciyawar a ƙasa.

Sake bugun ta hanyar rarraba daji

Ana yin aikin ne yayin dasawa. Sun raba tsohuwar shuka a lokacin yana da shekaru 3-4. Ganyen earthen an kasu kashi 2-3 domin kowane bangare na tsiron yana da yanki mai tsatsa mai tsinkaye da kuma harbe-harbe.

Cutar da kwari

Babban matsalolin da aka fuskanta a cikin narkar da ƙwayoyin cissus, da abubuwanda zasu iya haifar da:

Motsi a cikin ganyayyaki - magudanar malalewa mara kyau. Wajibi ne don cire duk ganye da aka shafa, bi da shuka tare da fungicides kuma a cikin sabon tukunya.
Karshen cissus ya bushe - bushe iska. Ana buƙatar fesawa sau da yawa.
Cissus yana girma a hankali - rashin haske da abubuwan gina jiki. Wajibi ne a takin da takin zamani.
Kodadde ganye a cissus - "yunwa" (shuka yana buƙatar ciyar da shi) ko haske mai yawa.
Ganyayyaki Cissus sun faɗi - zazzabi dakin daki. Idan ganyayyaki suka bushe kuma suka faɗi, ana iya haifar da shi ta hanyar hasken rana mai ƙarfi ko rashin danshi.
Brown "takarda" spots a cikin ganyayyaki - bushe iska. Idan aibobi suka bayyana akan ƙananan ganye, wannan yana nuna rashin danshi. Hakanan, tabo da daddare suna iya fitowa daga ruwa daga ƙasa.
Cissus bar curl - sigina cewa shuka bai isa danshi ba.
Bar lanƙwasa - dakin yana da iska mai bushewa; ya kamata a kara fesa ruwa.
Bayyanar ganye - rashin abinci mai gina jiki, dole ne a sanya takin mai magani.
Shrinkage na ƙananan ganye - kasa isasshen ruwa.
Bayyanin ɓangaren ɓangaren ɓangaren tsire-tsire na iya haifar da rashi, ko akasin haka, da yawaitar haske.

Daga cikin kwari, cissuses a cikin al'adun daki ana shafawa daga gizo-gizo gizo, aphids, da sikelin kwari.

Nau'in cissus gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

Cissus rhomboid, "birch" (c. Rhombifolia)

Kowane ganye ya ƙunshi ganye 3. Launi na isan itacen da ya shuka shine azurfa, launi na manya duhu duhu mai duhu. A harbe wani farin launin ruwan kasa tari.

Cissus Antarctic, "Inabi na cikin gida" (c. Antarctica)

Itacen inabi mai laushi, ya kai tsawon mil 2. 2.5 ganye yana da siffar kwai, launin kore mai launin fata har zuwa 10-12 cm tsayi. A kara launin ruwan kasa pubescence.