Ana kiran namomin kaza na ƙasan zuma da yawa iri iri, waɗanda ke raba kamannin waje da na ainihi. Ba dukkan su masu guba bane, akwai kuma waɗanda ake da sharaɗinsu.
Babban bambancin su shine rashin warin namomin kaza, amma zaka iya gane su ta hanyar rashin zobe a kan kara, kazalika da ruwan ƙasan hat a cikin yanayin rigar.
Iri namomin kaza
A zahiri ana kiran namomin kaza na karya iri uku:
- launin rawaya mai launin shuɗi
- seroplate
- bulo ja.
Na farkon su mai guba ne, ragowar suna cinyewa bayan tafasasshen tafasa.
Akwai karin nau'ikan namomin kaza guda 3 waɗanda galibi sukan rikice tare da namomin kaza:
- m guba Galerina edged;
- Psalrella Candolle mai inganci;
- Psatirella na ruwa
Ba masu ɗaukar ƙwayar naman kaza ba masu iya tara su, tunda duka falsearya da na hakika galibi suna girma nan kusa ko kuma dungu ɗaya. Haka kuma, marasa gaskiya sukanyi girma cikin dangi mai aminci, suna haɓaka daga ƙasa tare da ƙafafu, kamar na gaske.
Galerina Marginata (Galerina Marginata)
Iyali | Strophariaceae | |
Hat | Siti daya cm | 1,5-5 |
Launi | Fucking ja | |
Flakes | Babu rashi | |
Tsara a cikin matasa a da | Na al'ada | |
Yi cikakken bayani | ||
Tubercle a tsakiya | A da | |
Gefen ruwa | A cikin babban zafi | |
Ellanshi | Mealy | |
Rikodin | Launi | Ohrenny |
Kafa | Tsinkaya cm | Har zuwa 9 |
Lokacin farin ciki cm | 0,15-0,8 | |
Launi | M, ja | |
Zobe | Akwai | |
Flakes | Saka | |
Abubuwa na musamman | Fibrous, m. Bala'i daga ƙasa | |
Yanayi | VII-XI |
Ya ƙunshi guba iri daya kamar giyar shafawa. Yana faruwa ne kawai kusa da bishiyoyi masu coniferous, kuma ana samun ainihin namomin kaza a cikin dazuzzukan daji masu rarrafe, dukda cewa willows gauraye na iya yin girma a yankunan tsaunuka. Mage galerin yana da ƙanshi kamar gari, ba namomin kaza ba. Ya girma musamman a cikin rukuni na 3-8 namomin kaza ko daban-daban. Yana faruwa cewa gallery ɗin ya rikice tare da buɗewar hunturu. Ya kamata a ɗauka a cikin zuciya cewa kafa na ainihin naman kaza ba shi da zobe, sabanin wanda yake da guba.
Don hana guba, ƙin tattara namomin kaza a cikin itatuwan fir
Sulfur Yellow Foam Foam (Hypholoma Fasciculare)
Iyali | Strophariaceae | |
Hat | Siti daya cm | 2-9 |
Launi | Sulfur rawaya | |
Flakes | A'a | |
Tsara a cikin matasa | Spiky | |
A da | An Bude | |
Tubercle a tsakiya | Akwai | |
Gefen ruwa | A'a | |
Ellanshi | Inedible | |
Rikodin | Launi | Ohrenny |
Kafa | Tsinkaya cm | Har zuwa 10 |
Lokacin farin ciki cm | Har zuwa 0.8 | |
Launi | Haske mai rawaya | |
Zobe | A'a | |
Flakes | A'a | |
Abubuwa na musamman | Fiber mara nauyi | |
Yanayi | VII-XI |
Ana samun waɗannan namomin kaza na ƙarya a cikin manyan iyalai har zuwa kafaffun kafaffun futu 50.
Capunfa a cikin namomin kaza matasa suna kama da kararrawa a cikin sifa, a cikin tsofaffin tana kama da laima na buɗe.
Ya bambanta da ainihin agaric na zuma a cikin launi mai rawaya na hula, warin da ba a iya amfani da shi, haka kuma ƙafa ba shi da zobe (duk namomin kaza sai dai lokacin hunturu.
Brick Red ƙaryar Kumfa (Hypholomalateritium)
Iyali | Strophariaceae | |
Hat | Siti daya cm | Har zuwa 9 |
Launi | Brick | |
Flakes | Akwai | |
Tsara a cikin matasa | Rounded ko kararrawa-mai siffa | |
A da | An Bude | |
Tubercle a tsakiya | A da | |
Gefen ruwa | A cikin ruwan sama | |
Rikodin | Launi | Yellowish ya jagoranci launin toka |
Kafa | Tsinkaya cm | Har zuwa 10 |
Lokacin farin ciki cm | 1-2,5 | |
Launi | Haske mai haske a sama, launin ruwan kasa a ƙasa | |
Zobe | Babu ko madauri na bakin ciki | |
Flakes | Smallarami, kaifi | |
Abubuwa na musamman | Fibrous, ya zama m tare da shekaru | |
Yanayi | VIII-X |
An raba naman kaza a matsayin mai cin abinci na shara, saboda cin abincin dole ne a tafasa don aƙalla minti 30-40, sannan a cire ruwan.
A cikin ƙasashe da yawa, buhunan ƙyallen burodi yana ɗaukar abin ci. A Rasha, ana cinye shi a Chuvashia. Tare da karancin tafasasshen farko, yana haifar da tashin zuciya, jin zafi a ciki da kai, da amai.
Sau da yawa waɗannan ƙarnuka na karya suna rikicewa da waɗanda kaka. Za'a iya bambance tsohuwar ta launin ja-kasa-kasa na hat, rawaya mai haske ko kuma dabbar dabbar m. A ƙafafun ainihin ƙurar zuma akwai wahala a cuff, alhali waɗanda ba suyi ba. Smellanshin ba shi da daɗi, kuma masu kaka suna jin ƙanshi kamar namomin kaza.
Bayyanar dakin Kumba (Hypholomacapnoides)
Iyali | Strophariaceae | |
Hat | Siti daya cm | 1,5-8 |
Launi | Rawaya, lemo, launin ruwan kasa | |
Flakes | A'a | |
Tsara a cikin matasa | Round | |
A da | Bude | |
Tubercle a tsakiya | Akwai | |
Gefen ruwa | A'a | |
Ellanshi | Rage | |
Rikodin | Launi | Rawaya, launin toka tare da shekaru |
Kafa | Tsinkaya cm | 2-12 |
Lokacin farin ciki cm | 0,3-1 | |
Launi | Rawaya mai launin shuɗi, launin ruwan kasa mai haske ƙasa | |
Zobe | A'a | |
Flakes | A'a | |
Yanayi | VIII-X |
Ganya mai ɗamarar fari ce, amma ya dace da abinci kawai bayan tafasa sosai. Ana kuma kiranta zuriya poppy, saboda yayin da yake girma daga sama, an rufe shi da tatsuniyoyi girman girman ƙwayar zuriya. Gefen hat ɗin yayi duhu fiye da tsakiyar sa. Ganyen na jiyo danshi. Ana iya samun waɗannan namomin kaza a kan iska mai iska da kututture, sau da yawa Pine.
Sun bambanta da namomin kaza na kaka ta hanyar ɓarkewar ƙafar ƙafa a kan kafa da radial wrinkles a kan hat, da kuma launi na faranti.
Dankwaila Candolle (Psathyrellacandolleana)
Iyali | Psatirella | |
Hat | Siti daya cm | 2-10 |
Launi | Milk fari, launin rawaya a cikin tsufa | |
Flakes | Ishananan launin ruwan kasa, da sauri yana ɓacewa yayin da suke girma | |
Form | Na al'ada | |
Tubercle a tsakiya | Akwai | |
Gefen ruwa | A'a | |
Ellanshi | Rashin Gashi ko Naman Raba | |
Rikodin | Launi | Daga milky zuwa violet-m da launin ruwan kasa-launin ruwan kasa |
Kafa | Tsinkaya cm | Har zuwa 9 |
Lokacin farin ciki cm | 0,2-0,7 | |
Launi | M | |
Zobe | Ya ɓace | |
Flakes | Babu rashi | |
Abubuwa na musamman | Baƙi, siliki | |
Yanayi | V-x |
Ana amfani da naman gwari cikin shara'a sharadin. Kafin dafa abinci, a tafasa shi, sannan a matse ruwan. Sunan shahararriyar mace mace ce mai walƙiya, wanda aka karɓa don ragargaji, mai sauƙin rabewa, mai sauƙin rufewa, an rufe shi da ƙananan sikeli wanda yawu da sauri. Tare da shekaru, ya juya launin rawaya.
Ya bambanta da namomin kaza da rashin wari a cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara.
Mai ruwa mai ruwa (Psathyrella Piluliformis)
Iyali | Psatirella | |
Hat | Siti daya cm | 1,5-8 |
Launi | Browning zuwa tsakiya | |
Flakes | A'a | |
Form | Bell-mai siffa, tare da tsagi | |
Tubercle a tsakiya | Akwai | |
Gefen ruwa | A'a | |
Ellanshi | A'a | |
Rikodin | Launi | Daga haske m zuwa launin ruwan kasa baki |
Kafa | Tsinkaya cm | 3-10 |
Lokacin farin ciki cm | 0,3-0,9 | |
Launi | M kasa, saman powdery | |
Zobe | Ya ɓace | |
Flakes | Ya ɓace | |
Abubuwa na musamman | Baƙi, siliki, m | |
Yanayi | V-x |
Psatirella ne yanayin sharadi kuma ya dace da abinci bayan tafasa. A cikin yanayin rigar, pleanyen ruwa na ruwa mai ruwa-ruwa suna bayyana a faranti da ke ƙasa. Kyankin ya yi duhu, launin shuɗi, da launin shuɗi, ya fara daga tsakiya ya wuce zuwa gefuna. Warin yana da rauni ko ba ya nan.
Mr. Mazaunin rani ya ba da shawarar: Yaya za a bambanta ƙarnuka na karya daga abin da ake ci?
Manuniya | Autar zuma agaric | Seroplate | Tubalin ja | Sulfur rawaya |
Kafa | M, akwai farin gashi | Haske mai rawaya, launin ruwan kasa mai ruwan hoda a ƙasa, babu ringlet | Haske mai haske a sama, launin ruwan kasa a ƙasa, babu ringlet | Haske mai rawaya, babu ringlet |
Hat | M ruwan hoda | Rawaya ko launin ruwan kasa | Tubalin ja | Sulfur rawaya |
Rikodin | Haske launin ruwan kasa | Gashi | Gashi | Rawaya |
Ku ɗanɗani | Naman kaza | Rashin rauni | M | M |
Ellanshi | Naman kaza | Mara dadi | Mara dadi | Mara dadi |
Saduwa da ruwa | Gefen hat ɗin ya zama m | A'a | A'a | A'a |
Noma | Ciyar mai | Ciyar mai | Yanayin zama a cikin bazara | Muni |
Honeyarfin zuma mai guba da taimako na farko
A cikin namomin kaza na karya, musiba na karya kawai shine sulumi-mai launin rawaya kuma ƙarancin masarar da ke ɗaure shi.
Shafin Sulfur | Alamar farko tana faruwa ne bayan sa'o'i 1.5-4. A wannan yanayin, ana lura da amai, gudawa, rauni, rauni a cikin gabar jiki. An rufe dabino da ƙafa da gumi mai sanyi. Guba tare da furotin mai launin rawaya-rawaya mai wuya ne, tun da naman kaza guda ɗaya na iya lalata ganimar duka tare da ɗanɗano mai ɗaci. Kira motar asibiti Kwayar cutar ta ɓace bayan daysan kwanaki ko a rana idan kashi ya kasance ƙarami. Kafin likita ya isa, kuna buƙatar shafa hanjin ku ta hanyar shan isasshen ruwa da kuma haifar da amai, sannan kuma ku bayar da gawayi. |
Maganin Gyaran Fari na Brick | Kimanin alamu guda ne, idan ba a tafasa ba isasshen lokaci. |
Galley yayi iyaka | Ya ƙunshi amanitine, guba na toadstool. Dozin giya kashi biyu na mutuwa ne ga yaro. Yana haifar da ciwo mai wahala kuma yana da wahala a kula da lalacewar hanta, kuma alamomin guban suna bayyana bayan sa'o'i 12 ko fiye, lokacin da ya yi latti don haifar da amai. Nemi likita na gaggawa. |