Shuke-shuke

Menene namomin kaza da kuma yadda suke bambanta da abin ci

Ana kiran namomin kaza na ƙasan zuma da yawa iri iri, waɗanda ke raba kamannin waje da na ainihi. Ba dukkan su masu guba bane, akwai kuma waɗanda ake da sharaɗinsu.

Babban bambancin su shine rashin warin namomin kaza, amma zaka iya gane su ta hanyar rashin zobe a kan kara, kazalika da ruwan ƙasan hat a cikin yanayin rigar.

Iri namomin kaza

A zahiri ana kiran namomin kaza na karya iri uku:

  • launin rawaya mai launin shuɗi
  • seroplate
  • bulo ja.

Na farkon su mai guba ne, ragowar suna cinyewa bayan tafasasshen tafasa.

Akwai karin nau'ikan namomin kaza guda 3 waɗanda galibi sukan rikice tare da namomin kaza:

  • m guba Galerina edged;
  • Psalrella Candolle mai inganci;
  • Psatirella na ruwa

Ba masu ɗaukar ƙwayar naman kaza ba masu iya tara su, tunda duka falsearya da na hakika galibi suna girma nan kusa ko kuma dungu ɗaya. Haka kuma, marasa gaskiya sukanyi girma cikin dangi mai aminci, suna haɓaka daga ƙasa tare da ƙafafu, kamar na gaske.

Galerina Marginata (Galerina Marginata)

IyaliStrophariaceae
HatSiti daya cm1,5-5
LauniFucking ja
FlakesBabu rashi
Tsara a cikin matasa
a da
Na al'ada
Yi cikakken bayani
Tubercle a tsakiyaA da
Gefen ruwaA cikin babban zafi
EllanshiMealy
RikodinLauniOhrenny
KafaTsinkaya cmHar zuwa 9
Lokacin farin ciki cm0,15-0,8
LauniM, ja
ZobeAkwai
FlakesSaka
Abubuwa na musammanFibrous, m. Bala'i daga ƙasa
YanayiVII-XI

Ya ƙunshi guba iri daya kamar giyar shafawa. Yana faruwa ne kawai kusa da bishiyoyi masu coniferous, kuma ana samun ainihin namomin kaza a cikin dazuzzukan daji masu rarrafe, dukda cewa willows gauraye na iya yin girma a yankunan tsaunuka. Mage galerin yana da ƙanshi kamar gari, ba namomin kaza ba. Ya girma musamman a cikin rukuni na 3-8 namomin kaza ko daban-daban. Yana faruwa cewa gallery ɗin ya rikice tare da buɗewar hunturu. Ya kamata a ɗauka a cikin zuciya cewa kafa na ainihin naman kaza ba shi da zobe, sabanin wanda yake da guba.

Don hana guba, ƙin tattara namomin kaza a cikin itatuwan fir

Sulfur Yellow Foam Foam (Hypholoma Fasciculare)

IyaliStrophariaceae
HatSiti daya cm 2-9
LauniSulfur rawaya
FlakesA'a
Tsara a cikin matasaSpiky
A daAn Bude
Tubercle a tsakiyaAkwai
Gefen ruwaA'a
EllanshiInedible
RikodinLauniOhrenny
KafaTsinkaya cmHar zuwa 10
Lokacin farin ciki cm Har zuwa 0.8
LauniHaske mai rawaya
ZobeA'a
FlakesA'a
Abubuwa na musammanFiber mara nauyi
YanayiVII-XI

Ana samun waɗannan namomin kaza na ƙarya a cikin manyan iyalai har zuwa kafaffun kafaffun futu 50.

Capunfa a cikin namomin kaza matasa suna kama da kararrawa a cikin sifa, a cikin tsofaffin tana kama da laima na buɗe.

Ya bambanta da ainihin agaric na zuma a cikin launi mai rawaya na hula, warin da ba a iya amfani da shi, haka kuma ƙafa ba shi da zobe (duk namomin kaza sai dai lokacin hunturu.

Brick Red ƙaryar Kumfa (Hypholomalateritium)

IyaliStrophariaceae
HatSiti daya cmHar zuwa 9
LauniBrick
FlakesAkwai
Tsara a cikin matasaRounded ko kararrawa-mai siffa
A daAn Bude
Tubercle a tsakiyaA da
Gefen ruwaA cikin ruwan sama
RikodinLauniYellowish ya jagoranci launin toka
KafaTsinkaya cmHar zuwa 10
Lokacin farin ciki cm1-2,5
LauniHaske mai haske a sama, launin ruwan kasa a ƙasa
ZobeBabu ko madauri na bakin ciki
FlakesSmallarami, kaifi
Abubuwa na musammanFibrous, ya zama m tare da shekaru
YanayiVIII-X

An raba naman kaza a matsayin mai cin abinci na shara, saboda cin abincin dole ne a tafasa don aƙalla minti 30-40, sannan a cire ruwan.

A cikin ƙasashe da yawa, buhunan ƙyallen burodi yana ɗaukar abin ci. A Rasha, ana cinye shi a Chuvashia. Tare da karancin tafasasshen farko, yana haifar da tashin zuciya, jin zafi a ciki da kai, da amai.

Sau da yawa waɗannan ƙarnuka na karya suna rikicewa da waɗanda kaka. Za'a iya bambance tsohuwar ta launin ja-kasa-kasa na hat, rawaya mai haske ko kuma dabbar dabbar m. A ƙafafun ainihin ƙurar zuma akwai wahala a cuff, alhali waɗanda ba suyi ba. Smellanshin ba shi da daɗi, kuma masu kaka suna jin ƙanshi kamar namomin kaza.

Bayyanar dakin Kumba (Hypholomacapnoides)

IyaliStrophariaceae
HatSiti daya cm1,5-8
LauniRawaya, lemo, launin ruwan kasa
FlakesA'a
Tsara a cikin matasaRound
A daBude
Tubercle a tsakiyaAkwai
Gefen ruwaA'a
EllanshiRage
RikodinLauniRawaya, launin toka tare da shekaru
KafaTsinkaya cm2-12
Lokacin farin ciki cm0,3-1
LauniRawaya mai launin shuɗi, launin ruwan kasa mai haske ƙasa
ZobeA'a
FlakesA'a
YanayiVIII-X

Ganya mai ɗamarar fari ce, amma ya dace da abinci kawai bayan tafasa sosai. Ana kuma kiranta zuriya poppy, saboda yayin da yake girma daga sama, an rufe shi da tatsuniyoyi girman girman ƙwayar zuriya. Gefen hat ɗin yayi duhu fiye da tsakiyar sa. Ganyen na jiyo danshi. Ana iya samun waɗannan namomin kaza a kan iska mai iska da kututture, sau da yawa Pine.

Sun bambanta da namomin kaza na kaka ta hanyar ɓarkewar ƙafar ƙafa a kan kafa da radial wrinkles a kan hat, da kuma launi na faranti.

Dankwaila Candolle (Psathyrellacandolleana)

IyaliPsatirella
HatSiti daya cm2-10
LauniMilk fari, launin rawaya a cikin tsufa
FlakesIshananan launin ruwan kasa, da sauri yana ɓacewa yayin da suke girma
FormNa al'ada
Tubercle a tsakiyaAkwai
Gefen ruwaA'a
EllanshiRashin Gashi ko Naman Raba
RikodinLauniDaga milky zuwa violet-m da launin ruwan kasa-launin ruwan kasa
KafaTsinkaya cm Har zuwa 9
Lokacin farin ciki cm0,2-0,7
LauniM
ZobeYa ɓace
FlakesBabu rashi
Abubuwa na musammanBaƙi, siliki
YanayiV-x

Ana amfani da naman gwari cikin shara'a sharadin. Kafin dafa abinci, a tafasa shi, sannan a matse ruwan. Sunan shahararriyar mace mace ce mai walƙiya, wanda aka karɓa don ragargaji, mai sauƙin rabewa, mai sauƙin rufewa, an rufe shi da ƙananan sikeli wanda yawu da sauri. Tare da shekaru, ya juya launin rawaya.

Ya bambanta da namomin kaza da rashin wari a cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara.

Mai ruwa mai ruwa (Psathyrella Piluliformis)

IyaliPsatirella
HatSiti daya cm1,5-8
LauniBrowning zuwa tsakiya
FlakesA'a
FormBell-mai siffa, tare da tsagi
Tubercle a tsakiyaAkwai
Gefen ruwaA'a
EllanshiA'a
RikodinLauniDaga haske m zuwa launin ruwan kasa baki
KafaTsinkaya cm3-10
Lokacin farin ciki cm0,3-0,9
LauniM kasa, saman powdery
ZobeYa ɓace
FlakesYa ɓace
Abubuwa na musammanBaƙi, siliki, m
YanayiV-x

Psatirella ne yanayin sharadi kuma ya dace da abinci bayan tafasa. A cikin yanayin rigar, pleanyen ruwa na ruwa mai ruwa-ruwa suna bayyana a faranti da ke ƙasa. Kyankin ya yi duhu, launin shuɗi, da launin shuɗi, ya fara daga tsakiya ya wuce zuwa gefuna. Warin yana da rauni ko ba ya nan.

Mr. Mazaunin rani ya ba da shawarar: Yaya za a bambanta ƙarnuka na karya daga abin da ake ci?

ManuniyaAutar zuma agaricSeroplateTubalin jaSulfur rawaya
KafaM, akwai farin gashiHaske mai rawaya, launin ruwan kasa mai ruwan hoda a ƙasa, babu ringletHaske mai haske a sama, launin ruwan kasa a ƙasa, babu ringletHaske mai rawaya, babu ringlet
HatM ruwan hodaRawaya ko launin ruwan kasaTubalin jaSulfur rawaya
RikodinHaske launin ruwan kasaGashiGashiRawaya
Ku ɗanɗaniNaman kazaRashin rauniMM
EllanshiNaman kazaMara dadiMara dadiMara dadi
Saduwa da ruwaGefen hat ɗin ya zama mA'aA'aA'a
NomaCiyar maiCiyar maiYanayin zama a cikin bazaraMuni

Honeyarfin zuma mai guba da taimako na farko

A cikin namomin kaza na karya, musiba na karya kawai shine sulumi-mai launin rawaya kuma ƙarancin masarar da ke ɗaure shi.

Shafin SulfurAlamar farko tana faruwa ne bayan sa'o'i 1.5-4. A wannan yanayin, ana lura da amai, gudawa, rauni, rauni a cikin gabar jiki. An rufe dabino da ƙafa da gumi mai sanyi. Guba tare da furotin mai launin rawaya-rawaya mai wuya ne, tun da naman kaza guda ɗaya na iya lalata ganimar duka tare da ɗanɗano mai ɗaci. Kira motar asibiti Kwayar cutar ta ɓace bayan daysan kwanaki ko a rana idan kashi ya kasance ƙarami. Kafin likita ya isa, kuna buƙatar shafa hanjin ku ta hanyar shan isasshen ruwa da kuma haifar da amai, sannan kuma ku bayar da gawayi.
Maganin Gyaran Fari na BrickKimanin alamu guda ne, idan ba a tafasa ba isasshen lokaci.
Galley yayi iyakaYa ƙunshi amanitine, guba na toadstool. Dozin giya kashi biyu na mutuwa ne ga yaro. Yana haifar da ciwo mai wahala kuma yana da wahala a kula da lalacewar hanta, kuma alamomin guban suna bayyana bayan sa'o'i 12 ko fiye, lokacin da ya yi latti don haifar da amai. Nemi likita na gaggawa.