Scheffler: bayanin, nau'ikan iri da iri, kulawar gida

Scheffler ko shefler - itace daga dangin Araliev, dangi mai nisa na giya da ginseng. A cikin yanayin halitta ana daukar ciyawa wanda ke hana sauran tsirrai. Amma tare da kulawar da ta dace a gida, sai ta zama fure mai ban sha'awa na fure.

Bayanin Shefflers

Fulatan furanni suna godiya da sheffler don ƙawancin kambi da ganyayyaki na dabino. Zasu iya zama launuka daban-daban da launuka gwargwadon nau'in kuma suna samar da kyakkyawan kambi mai shimfiɗa. Wannan shuka blooms tare da ƙaramin, farin unpalatable fari ko rawaya inflorescences.

Gangar jikin itacen itace mai kauri, kamar itace. A gida, sheffler zai iya girma har zuwa 40. Lokacin da girma a cikin gida, har zuwa 1.5-2 m.

Iri da nau'ikan shefflers

A cikin duka, akwai nau'ikan shefflers sama da ɗari biyu a duniya, amma ba dukkansu ba ne suke girma kamar kayan gidan gida. Mafi na kowa sune nau'ikan da ba a shimfiɗa kai tare da fure mai haske.

Kula da Gidan Sheffle

Scheffler ya fi son yanayi, kamar yadda yake a cikin mahaifarsa, a cikin gandunan daji na wurare masu zafi da keɓaɓɓu na Sin, Taiwan da New Zealand. A gida, samar da su ba abu bane mai wahala.

Haske

Wannan tsire-tsire ne mai hoto, amma yana ba da amsa ga hasken rana kai tsaye tare da ƙonewa. Sabili da haka, ba a ba da shawarar saka shi a kan windows windows na kudu a cikin bazara ba, lokacin hunturu ne kawai. Zai yi duhu sosai a gefen arewa (idan ba ku la'akari da nau'in ƙauna-inuwa - alal misali, Amate, Bianca, Arboricola da Custer).

Wuraren gabas da yamma sune kyawawan abubuwa, idan dai a ranakun zafi mai zafi za'a cire shuka daga windowsill ko inuwa har sai rana ta tafi.

Zazzabi

Mafi kyawun zazzabi: + 15 ... +22 ° C. Bai kamata a ba da izinin subcooling ba: idan ya faɗi ƙasa +10 ° C, lalacewar tushe ta fara. Dakin da ke da nau'ikan iri dabam dabam kada ya kasance mai sanyi fiye da + 18 ° C - suna son zafi sama da na kore.

Watering da zafi

Ana buƙatar Watering matsakaici - sheffler baya son wuce haddi. Dole ne a yi amfani da ruwa a zazzabi a ɗakin. Ruwa mai sanyi, kamar iska, yana tsokanar lalata.

Bugu da kari, inji ya fi son dakuna tare da iska mai daɗi, saboda haka yana buƙatar fesa kullun da ruwa mai ɗumi. Za a iya shafa ganye a hankali tare da zane mai bushe.

Kasar bukatun

Scheffler yana buƙatar ƙasa mai gina jiki, ɗan ƙasa mai acidic.

Haɗin da aka shirya don itacen dabino daga shago ko aka shirya shi daban-daban daga turɓaya da ƙasa mai ganye, humus da yashi a cikin rabo na 4: 3: 2: 1, bi da bi.

Don kada ruwan ya yi tururi a cikin tukunya, yana haifar da jujjuyawar tushen, ya kamata a kula sosai game da batun magudanar ruwan a ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Ya dace, alal misali, yumɓu mai yumɓu ko tsakuwa.

Ikon saukowa

Zai fi kyau a shirya tukunya da ke faɗaɗa zuwa sama. Yana da kyawawa cewa tsayinsa da diamita ya yi daidai. Kasancewar ramuka magudanan sharadi ne, koda kuwa don tasoshin yumbu.

Taki

A cikin hunturu, shuka yana da lokacin hutawa, don haka ana yin riguna na sama daga Maris zuwa Satumba, lokacin da take girma. Ana amfani da takin mai ƙasa tare da mita na 2-3 a wata. Tsakanin rigunan sama, ƙara ƙwanƙwasa ƙwannayen kwano a tukunya.

Abubuwan Kulawa

Don sheffler ya sami kyakkyawan tsari mai zagaye, daga lokaci zuwa lokaci ana gyara shi. Kuna buƙatar madaidaiciyar mai tsaro da ƙwayar carbon da aka kunna don shafe sassan.

A cikin karamin shuka, an yanke internodes huɗu a saman rassan - wannan ba zai ba shi damar shimfiɗa nesa ba. Lokacin da rassan gefen suka girma zuwa tsayin da ake so, ana kuma yanke kan su har su fara reshe.

Mafi sau da yawa, masu noman furanni suna yin girma a matsayin shtamb a matsayin shtamb (ko da gangar jikin baƙi) tare da kambi a siffar ƙwallon ƙwallo. Wasu lokuta ana kafa bonsai.

Ba'a ba da shawarar datsa sau da yawa ko a yanka matakai da yawa a lokaci daya - inji mai raɗaɗi wannan hanya.

Dokokin Canje-canje

Lokacin da Tushen ya cika duka tukunyar tukunya, lokaci yayi da za a yi dashi. A cikin kananan tsire-tsire, wannan yana faruwa kowace shekara, a cikin tsofaffi, kowane shekaru uku zuwa hudu.

Mafi kyawun lokaci shine lokacin bazara, lokacin da shuka ya bar sauran yanayin.

Babu buƙatar ɗaukar tukunya da yawa fiye da wanda ya gabata, bambanci na 5 cm ya isa - in ba haka ba shuka zai ciyar da makamashi ba a kan girma ganye ba, amma a kan ci gaban asalinsu.

Canja wurin tushen shuka zuwa sabon wuri yakamata ya zama hanyar jingina, tare da dunƙule mai. Ragowar sararin samaniya a cikin tukunya yana cike da ƙasa mai laushi, an ɗan haɗa shi kuma an shayar dashi. Kada a rufe gangar jikin - matakin ƙasa ya kamata ya kasance iri ɗaya.

Siffofin Yaduwa

Zai fi kyau a yada sheffler a cikin bazara. A lokacin rani yana da zafi sosai saboda wannan, kuma a cikin hunturu babu isasshen hasken rana. Fulatan furanni suna yin hanyoyi uku:

• namo iri;
• yanke;
• sanyayawar iska.

Tsaba

Dole ne a sayi tsaba a shagon, saboda a gida yana da wahala a same su - inji da wuya blooms. Kuna buƙatar ganga don dasa - isasshen girman saboda daga baya yana da sauƙi don dasa ƙwayar matasa.

Landing ne da za'ayi a cikin wadannan tsari:

• Tsaba suna narkewa rana guda a cikin maganin epin ko zircon (ɗaya ko biyu saukad da kowace ruwa na 100 ml).
• Coveredashin ganga yana rufe da rufin magudanar ruwa, sannan aƙalla ƙasa 20 cm, wadda ta ƙunshi ƙasa da yashi a cikin rabo: 1: 1, ya cika.
• Ana saukar da kowane iri a cikin rami na daban 15 cm a girma kuma an yayyafa shi da ƙasa.
• An rufe kwandon tare da tsire-tsire tare da fim kuma an sanya shi a cikin wurin dumi (mafi kyawun zazzabi +25 ° C).
• Lingsalingsan itace a ke tallata su a kai a kai, ana shayar da su, kuma sun fito da tsire-tsire.
• Juya cikin tukwane daban-daban ake buƙata a lokacin da tsiron ya samo ganyayyaki guda biyu da aka kafa.

Yankan

Wannan ita ce hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mafi yawancin. Ana iya samun yankan tare da shirya kayan shuka. Ya kamata ku zaɓi firan rassan tare da kara mai da aka dafa da leavesan ganye.

A lokacin da grafting variegated iri, dole ne a tuna da shefflers cewa sun kai tushe mafi munin ganye.

Algorithm:

1. An tsabtace da ƙananan ganyayyaki na ƙananan ganye kafin dasa, kuma an kula da yanke tare da tushen ci gaban mai kara kuzari.
2. A cikin gilashin filastik mai girma, an yanke ramin magudanan ruwa, an ɗora daga yumɓu mai yumɓu ko perlite ya zube a ƙasan, to, ya cika da ƙasa. Cakuda peat da yashi a cikin rabo na 1: 1 ya dace.
3. Bayan 'yan santimita na cutukan an saukar da su cikin ƙasa, ana shayar dasu kuma an rufe su da jakar m ko rabin kwalban filastik.
4. Ana kiyaye seedling a zazzabi na +23 ° C a cikin haske, amma ba a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye ba, ana shayar dashi, fesa da iska sau biyu a rana har sai ya kafe sosai.

Ruwan iska

Don cimma bayyanar Tushen iska, ɗayan ɓangarorin a kaikaice na tsohuwar shuka aka zana kuma rauni yana nannade cikin sutturar ƙanshin gashi ko ulu auduga kuma a nade tare da fim a saman. Ana cire shi lokaci-lokaci kuma ana jika shi tare da damfara. Bayan bayyanar tushen, tushe ya rabu kuma an dasa shi a cikin tukunya daban.

Karin kwari da cututtuka

Scheffler ne mai saukin kamuwa da cututtukan iri ɗaya kamar sauran tsire-tsire na cikin gida. Ruwan ruwan sa mai guba ne, amma wasu ƙwayoyin cuta har yanzu suna da haɗari - alal misali, kwari, ƙwarin kwari, ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo da ƙwayoyin cuta. Tebur mai zuwa zai taimaka muku fahimtar yadda ake taimakawa fure mai ƙwaya.

Mr. Maigidan bazara ya ba da shawarar: Mawaki - fure don dacewa

A cikin cututtukan fata, an ƙaddamar da sheffler tare da iyawar amfani da makamashi mara kyau .. An yi imanin kasancewarta a cikin gidan yana kawo jituwa ga dangi kuma yana hana rikice-rikice, tare da inganta ƙwaƙwalwa kuma yana da amfani mai amfani ga koyo da aiki.

Akwai ma alamun mutane da yawa da ke da alaƙa da yanayin shuka:

• ganye mai duhu yana nufin wuce haddi na sakaci a cikin gidan;
• fadowa - mai cutar da cuta ko matsalar kuɗi;
• juya - don jayayya;
• ba a bayyana ba - rashin nasarar;
• girma mai sauri kwatsam - don sake cika a cikin dangi.