Ficus shine tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na fari zuwa ga yankuna masu zafi. Wani wakilin dangin Mulberry ya girma kamar fure mai ciki a duniya. Irin wannan yaɗuwar cutar ficus ya faru ne saboda rashin bayyanarsa da adonsa.
Ficus: bayanin halittar mutum
Yawancin nau'ikan suna epiphytes suna yin tushen asalinsu, wanda, suna gangarawa cikin ƙasa, suna ba da sabon tsiro. Siffar farantin ganye yana da bambance bambancen: tare da gefuna masu ɓoye, m, stringate, xiphoid ko tare da ƙarshen nuna. Ficuses ya ƙunshi ruwan 'ya'yan farin musamman na musamman - milk, wanda aka yi amfani dashi a magani, amma idan ya shafi hulɗa da fatar, wasu nau'ikan shakatawa na iya haifar da haushi. Inflorescences ma daban-daban, suna rukuni ko girma dabam, wakiltar ƙwallon mai yawa, a ɓangaren sama wanda akwai rami. Flowersanan furanni suna bayyana a cikin sararin. A gida, ficuses yayi fure sosai da wuya, tunda kwari suna da mahimmanci don pollination. 'Ya'yan itacen suna kama da ƙananan ƙwayoyi tare da ɓangaren litattafan almara da tsaba masu yawa.
Tsarin Ficus
Zuwa yau, masu shayarwa sun buge da dama iri daban-daban tare da sifofin halaye. Yawancin lokaci ana kasu kashi uku, kowane ɗayan yana da fasalin halayensa daban daban, buƙatun kulawa da sigogi na waje:
- itace-kamar
- m
- shuki.
Itace kamar
Mafi yawancin lokuta waɗannan manyan tsire-tsire ne wanda aka yanyanda ya kai tsawo na 2-5 m Babban fasali shine tsayayyen ciyawar da ke dogara da riƙe harbe. Tsarin ganyen jinsunan ya bambanta: akwai wakilai tare da ƙananan faranti na ovate ko tare da dogon haske, mai rufi da kakin kayan lambu.
Wannan nau'in yana daɗaɗawa ta masoya fure na cikin gida saboda ƙamusinsa da haɓakar saurinsa.
Ampelic
Mafi nau'in kayan ado, wanda ya haɗa da dwarf da ƙananan nau'in tare da harbe mai ratayewa. A ganye ne zagaye, duhu kore, sau da yawa girma gaban. Lokaci ne mai ƙaunar inuwa, ana iya girma ko da a cikin yankin buɗe.
Gashinan yana wakilta ta lianoid sprouts wanda baya buƙatar ƙarin tallafi. Yaduwa ta hanyar ingantawa da kodan. Yankan wannan nau'in suna ɗauka da sauƙi kusa da sauri kuma suna samar da sabon tsarin tushen cikin maganganun kwanaki.
Shrubby
A cikin yanayin halitta, wakilan kowane nau'in wannan nau'in suna iya isa 60-70 m a tsayi, duk da haka, an haɓaka ƙananan iri don kiyayewa a cikin gida wanda ya dace don kulawa. Gashi mai tushe, mai tsami, sau da yawa, dauke da farin ruwan 'ya'yan itace, wanda idan fushin mucous zai iya haifar da haushi.
M bar tare da nuna tip, cikakken koren launi. Yana da wuya blooms, kananan zagaye buds cewa ba su wakiltar darajar ado bayyana a kan harbe. Shafe samfuran suna buƙatar haske mai shimfiɗa haske mai kyau da kuma shayarwa na yau da kullun.
Hoton hoto na shahararrun finafinai da suna:
Mafi shahararrun ficuses
Don kiwo a gida, masu shayarwa sun haɓaka nau'ikan musamman iri da nau'ikan da suka shahara sosai tsakanin masu lambu, godiya ga ciyawar lush, harbe da yawa da saurin girma.
Microcarpa
Bugun ficus-succulent tare da harbe harbe filastik masu yawa a cikin sashin na sama, wanda dole ne a kai a kai trimmed. Itace mai kauri, kaɗaici, girma har zuwa 50 cm tsayi, tare da diamita kusan 15 cm.
Ganyen suna kanana, masu launin kore. Yana jure da ayyuka iri-iri, gami da dasawa da guntun itace. Rashin daidaituwa, mai tsayayya da kwari da cututtuka. Ba ya fure.
Kara karantawa anan.
Biliyaminu
Shahararren nau'in halitta wanda ya haɗa da nau'ikan iri: dwarf da tsayi. Siffar farantin ganye yana da banbanci: akwai wakilai waɗanda ba a ɓoye, ƙyallen ko kama da ganyen ganye tare da gefunan da aka zagaye, akwai waɗanda ake dasu.
Kara ne Silinda launin ruwan kasa-launin ruwan kasa a launi. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari kaɗan, suna kama da kwayoyi masu ɗanɗano kaɗan. Babban bukatun da ake bukata don kulawa shine samun kai tsaye zuwa hasken rana da kuma kiyaye tsarin zazzabi a tsakanin +18 ... +23 ° С, yawan ruwa a kai a kai da kuma fesawa, musamman ma a cikin yanayi mai zafi.
Akwai ƙarin bayani game da Benjamin Ficus a nan.
Roba mai ɗaukar nauyi
Babban tare da manyan m elongated ganye na duhu kore launi, wanda aka rufe da kakin zuma kayan lambu. Ficus yayi girma sosai kuma cikin sauri, tushen tsarin ya tabbata, yana ɗaukar sarari da yawa, saboda haka wannan nau'in yana buƙatar kwantena mai zurfi da kuma jigilar yau da kullun don kada tsire mai maƙil.
Ya kamata a fesa faranti a kai a kai kuma a siƙe shi da ruwan lemo ko zane. Sunan jinsin ya kasance saboda daidaituwar ruwan 'ya'yan itace da ke kunshe cikin mai tushe, wanda aka yi amfani dashi a cikin tsufa don samar da roba.
Karanta abubuwa da yawa game da kula da ficus na roba a nan.
Benedict
A gida, yana girma ta hanyar 50-60 cm, a cikin yanayi zai iya kaiwa sama da m 20. Ganyayyaki suna da sifofi na daban: elongated, tare da nuna madaidaiciya (acutifoliate), variegated ko haske mai launi ɗaya-launi a launi. Sanya itace madaidaiciya, mai tauri, a sashin na sama yana da yalwataccen rassa kuma yana barin harbe da yawa da aka yi amfani dasu don haifuwa.
Yana buƙatar kula da yawan zafin jiki na ɗaki da hasken yanayi, mai jure yanayin inuwa, tare da yawan nunin zancen da yake fama da shi kuma yana iya mutuwa. Yana jurewa pruning kuma yana buƙatar ciyar da kullun.
Bengali
Siffar halayyar ita ce harbe-harben iska da yawa da suka gangaro daga kambi na shuka kuma suka sami tushe a cikin ƙasa, wanda ke kawo cikas ga namo a gida. Tsawon ficus a cikin gidan ya zama m 3-5, yayin da diamita sau da yawa ya fi girma. Fuskokin ganye suna da fadi, da aka nuna, koren duhu mai duhu tare da shahararrun jijiyoyi.
Gangar jikin yana ƙage, lokacin farin ciki. Itace tana buƙatar babban tukunya da kuma girki na yau da kullun. Wakilai basu da ma'ana a cikin tafiya da kuma cikakkiyar haɓaka duka a cikin inuwar, da kuma wuraren da ake cike da haske.
Hakanan karanta wani babban labarin akan Bengal ficus.
Dubolistny (tsauni)
A wicker ficus tare da sabon abu ganye, m da kama da itacen oak.
An harbe harbe, launin ruwan kasa-kore.
Ginseg
Tsarin shuka na musamman tare da bayyanar sabon abu: babban akwati mai kauri da ƙaramar kambi tare da ƙananan ganye masu yawa (ƙananan-leaved). Tushen tsarin yana wakilta ta duka ƙasa-ƙasa da kuma rassan cikin ƙasa, yayin da na farko ya yi tsauri kuma yana da launi iri ɗaya kamar farin.
Ficus bai yarda da hasken rana kai tsaye ba kuma yana iya canza ganye lokacin da ake canza wurare. Koyaya, nau'in ba mai buƙata ba ne a cikin kulawa, yana yarda da ƙarancin yanayin zafi sosai kuma yana haɓaka rayayye har ma a cikin hunturu.
Montana
Goge da creeping lianoid harbe a kan abin da duhu kore m ganye tare da nuna iyakar girma, kai game 8 cm a tsawon. Tana da ƙananan 'ya'yan itatuwa, yayin da suke girma, canza launi daga launin shuɗi zuwa ja mai haske.
Kyakkyawan wakilin kayan ado, wanda ya dace da haɓaka kowane haske. Ana amfani dashi don gyara shimfidar wuri, kodayake ana la'akari da ciyawa a cikin mahaifarta. Heat-ƙauna, baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman.
Moklame
Tall tare da kambi mai zagaye. M na roba m, a saman abin girma girma m ganye faranti na haske launi. Yana da mahimmanci a zabi wurin da ya dace, tunda shuka ba ya yarda da abubuwan zayyana, ƙarancin zafin jiki da hasken rana kai tsaye, don haka bai kamata a sanya tukunya a kan windowsill ko kusa da batura ba.
Dry iska mai zafi mara kyau ya shafi yanayin furen. Sauran ficus ne unpretentious kuma quite resistant zuwa daban-daban cututtuka.
Carika
Kyakkyawan misali ga masu lambu, tun da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu zaki -' Ya'yan ɓaure suka yi girma a kanta. Al'adar da aka girma a gida na iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 15-17 tare da kulawa da ta dace. Itace yana zubar da ganye a kai a kai, a wurin da sababbi suka bayyana.
Ficus na buƙatar dasawa akai-akai da kaciya don kula da mahimmancin aiki da ciyayi. Kara mai launin ruwan kasa, mai kauri, tare da rassa da yawa. Ganyen suna da yawa, masu launin kore da manyan jijiyoyi.
Melanie
Ana aiwatar da haɓaka ta hanyar da ba a saba ba: da farko, tushen saƙar iska ya tashi a kan tushe mai tushe, wanda ya gangara zuwa cikin ƙasa, ƙirƙirar bishiyoyin banyan (fasalin rayuwa tare da tsattsauran rago). Fuskokin ganye suna da launin toka mai ruɓi, mai ruwan hoda mai duhu, kore mai duhu tare da ƙarshen ƙare.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari masu guba ne, ruwan' ya'yan itace yana haifar da haushi ga fata da membranes na mucous. Bai yarda da iska mai zafi da canje-canje kwatsam a zazzabi ba. A cikin mahaifarta a Indonesiya, ana rarraba wannan nau'in a matsayin tsirrai masu tsabta.
Tafiya
Tana da rassa da ganyayyaki masu launuka iri-iri. Lookawarar da aka yi amfani da ita don yin ado da kayan ado ba shi da ma'ana kuma ana iya girma cikin inuwa mai son inuwa.
Yana girma kuma yana haɓaka da sauri, yana samar da rassa da yawa. A lokacin rani, ana kuma girma a cikin ƙasa buɗe, baya buƙatar ƙarin takin mai magani, kuma yana da tsayayya ga kwari da cututtukan fungal.
Ivy
Rassan Lianoid sun isa girma mai girma, don haka ana buƙatar babban sarari don haɓaka mai aiki da ciyayi. An girma a wurare da dama, a gida da kuma a cikin katako ko kuma a cikin ƙasa.
Ba zababbun game da abun da ƙasa yake da haske ba, amma baya jure canje-canje kwatsam a zazzabi. Ganyen suna duhu kore, ellipsoid tare da nuna gogewa, a fili. Ba ya buƙatar ƙarin tallafi; ana amfani dashi don aikin lambu na tsaye.
Amstel
Unusual ficus tare da keɓaɓɓiyar hanyar interlaced na m m. A saman akwai babban kambi tare da dumbin-beige mai yawa elongated dan kadan drooping ganyen matsakaici.
Zai iya girma har a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye, don haka a lokacin rani ba a bada shawarar yin ƙari a inuwa ba tare da buƙata ta musamman ba. Watering ya kamata ya zama na yau da kullun, amma ba akai-akai ba, tunda tsautsayi ruwa a cikin ƙasa na iya haifar da mutuwa.
Pumila Farar fata
Lianiform tare da rassa masu yawa. Ganyen suna matsakaici, m a siffar tare da nuna ƙarshen, launuka dabam. Abubuwan fashewa sun sami damar isa wurin kusan 5 cm, jure wa ƙaddara da canjin da kyau.
Yana da tushen isasshen jijiyoyi waɗanda ake amfani dasu don haifuwa. Ci gaba da girma a kowane yanayi. Ba ya buƙatar ƙarin kulawa; ana buƙatar shayarwa na yau da kullum da iska mai laushi. An bada shawara don ciyar da fure tare da takin ma'adinai.
Leafy
Ya kai tsawo na kusan 1-1.5 m kuma, tare da kulawa da ta dace, ya samar da rassa da yawa. Ganyen na hucin ciki ne, bakin ciki, launin toka-launin ruwan kasa. Babban fasalin ficus shine ganyensa waɗanda ba a saba gani ba: sun sami damar girma cikin fannoni daban-daban, alal misali, a kan shuka ɗaya ake zagaye, zuciya-mai kamannin, m da kuma xiphoid.
Launinsu launin duhu ne mai launin shuɗi mai haske. 'Ya'yan itacen' yan ƙarami ne, ellipsoidal, suna kama da zaituni, amma ba a cinye su, saboda suna ɗauke da ruwan guba.
Manyan ganye
A cikin yanayin halitta zai iya kaiwa zuwa 60 m ko sama da haka, a gida yana girma da ƙarfe 3-5. isan itace mai cylindrical, m, m, saka alama sosai. Ya kamata a datse yawancin harbe a kai a kai domin ficus ɗin ya zama mafi ɗaukaka kuma yana ci gaba.
Ganyen suna da fadi, masu kauri, babba, ba a kira su da babban ganye, an rufe su da wani lokacin farin ciki da kakin kayan lambu, saboda haka suna tsayayya da kwari da cututtukan fungal. Ana daukar wannan nau'in daya daga cikin mafi tsufa a duniya.
Retuza
M itacen tare da ingantaccen tsarin tushen. Wani sunan shi ne itacen Laurel. Ganyayyaki suna matsakaici a girma tare da kamshin sifofi. A kan akwati akwai ƙananan tashoshi masu yawa, a waje suna kama da alamomin ja, ta hanyar abin da ake yin musayar iska tare da yanayin.
Rassan suna da sassauƙa, sun yi haƙuri sosai. Dry da iska mai zafi suna lalata fure, saboda haka ya kamata a sanya ficus daga batura da masu zafi. Ana buƙatar fesa ruwa a kai a kai.
Lirata
Itace yar asalin Afirka wacce tayi nisa kamar fure domin sararin samaniya, saboda rashin fassararta. Yana da ikon isa girma masu girma dabam, sabili da haka, yana buƙatar kwantar da kullun, in ba haka ba yana rasa tasirin ado.
Gangar jikin yana da kauri, ganyayyaki suna da yawa, babba, yaruwa zuwa ƙarshen, m. Ba ya yarda da hasken rana kai tsaye da tsaurara ruwa a cikin ƙasa. Tsayayya da kwari da cututtuka. A hankali yake haɓaka cikin inuwa m.
Rubiginosa
Matsakaici a cikin girman tare da wani sabon abu mai launi na farantin ganye: a gindi yana da launin ruwan duhu mai duhu wanda yayi kama da tsatsa, don haka ɗayan don shuka shine ganye na Rusty. Yana tasowa tare da taimakon tushen daskararru da yawa. Matasa harbe suna m. Kyau don kiwo.
Ba shi da ma'ana a cikin kulawa, amma yana ci gaba da talauci a cikin ɗakuna tare da yawan zafin jiki da ƙarancin zafi. Ana buƙatar kari na ma'adinai na yau da kullun.
Sahihiyar alfarma (Religiosis)
Kara ne m, m, m a gindi. Ganyayyaki suna da kama da zuciya tare da ƙarshen nuna. Yana da mallaka na musamman: lokacin da matsin yanayi ya canza, fure ya fara “kuka”.
A ƙarshen faranti na ganye, ruwan 'ya'yan itace dake fitowa yana fitowa cikin ƙasa. Ana buƙatar haske mai kyau da kuma zafin rai mai yawa. A cikin Buddha, wannan ficus an ɗauke shi mai tsarki ne.
Hakanan karanta labarin game da ficus mai tsarki.
Triangular
Ya sami sunan ta saboda bambancin siffar ganye na ganye, waɗanda ke da launin koren duhu mai duhu. Ana amfani da gandun tsire mai tsire-tsire don shimfidar wurare da kuma ofisoshin ofis.
Yana bunkasa cikin kwanciyar hankali a cikin inuwa amintaccen kuma a wurare da ke da kyau. Ba ya yarda da zayyanar da raguwar zazzabi a cikin zazzabi. A gida, galibi baya fure. Gangar jikin ta yi dan kadan, launin toka.
Creeping
Lianiform tare da rassa masu tsayi, wanda akan sa ƙananan ganye masu yawa ya girma. Yana da ikon isa ga girman girma, don haka kasancewar tallafin ya zama dole. A harbe su ne quite m, yi haƙuri pruning daidai.
Hardy, na iya girma a ƙananan yanayin zafi, yana haƙuri da zafi da bushewar iska, amma ya kamata a shayar da ruwa da spraying akai-akai. An ba da shawarar ciyar da kwayoyin a kowane bazara, amma ba sau da yawa, in ba haka ba inji zai fara rasa ganye.
Makaho
Babban itace-kamar, babban fasalin abin da yake mai ƙaramin ƙaƙƙarfan tushe ne da kambi mai ƙamshi. Ganyayyaki suna da elongated, kore mai haske, tare da ƙarshen ƙusoshin. Tana da ƙarfi a ƙarƙashin ƙasa da kuma tushen tushen iska.
Ana buƙatar hasken haske kai tsaye, ana buƙatar ƙarin tushe irin su phytolamps a cikin hunturu. Yana haƙuri da zayyana mara kyau, yawan zafin jiki ya kamata ya kasance da yawan zafin jiki koda yaushe. Ana amfani da wannan kamannin ado don yin ado a cikin gidaje da gidajen katako.
Ampelic
Karamin tsire-tsire tare da harbe-harbe. Takardun ganye suna ƙanana, akwai wakilai waɗanda suke da launi mai laushi da lafazi. Don haɓaka aiki, ficus yana buƙatar cakuda ƙasa na musamman, abun da ke ciki wanda yake kusa da na halitta. Bugu da kari, shuka yana da wani zazzabi da zafi, wanda ke kawo cikas ga narkar da wannan nau'in a gida.
Dankin yana da matukar raɗaɗi kuma, idan ba a shayar da shi yadda ya kamata ba, sai ya kamu da tushen rot.Koyaya, yin la'akari da duk hanyoyin da ke barin barin, zaka iya sharar ficus mai sauƙi a cikin katako da katako.
Varietis
Matsakaici a girma tare da daidaitattun ganye da m kara. Wajibi ne a samar da hasken yaduwar zafi da zafi.
Shouldasa koyaushe ya kasance mai laushi, amma maimaita yawan ruwa yana iya lalata fure. Ba ya ɗaukar canjin wuri da dasa shi zuwa sabuwar ƙasa.
Reeda
A yanayi, itace ne mai ƙananan ganye. A cikin al'adun daki an girma akan tallafi. Daidaitaccen hoto. Heat-auna, zazzabi abun ciki + 17 ... +22 ° C.
Ya fi son matsakaiciyar shayarwa da feshi tare da ruwan zãfi. Daga ƙarshen hunturu zuwa bazara, ana aiwatar da pruning tare da saurin girma na harbe.
