Geranium, in ba haka ba crane, shine tsiro na asalin halittar dangin Geranium. Mashahurin shuka ne da aka yi amfani da shi wajen ƙirar maƙarƙashiya a gonar.
Halayen kayan lambu geraniums
Gonar geranium - kyakkyawan kyakkyawan ciyawar daji, ciyawar ciyawa ce. Tsawon tsirrai ya bambanta: akwai duka nau'ikan da ba su da kunya da tsayi.
Ganyen suna da yawa, yadin da aka sassaka. Akwai da yawa girma-girma da kuma siffofi - sun zagaye ko nuna gefuna.
Budsoshin tsire-tsire ya kai diamita na har zuwa 5 cm kuma ya ƙunshi kusan filayen 5. Launi na furanni geranium yana da palette mai launi mai fadi. Duk launuka masu launin ja, fari, ruwan hoda, da shunayya ana samun su. Tsire-tsire na dangin geranium suna da ƙanshi mai daɗi mai daɗi.
Babban fa'idar wannan nau'in ita ce lafiyar ta: furen ba shi da fari, rashin tsari a cikin kulawa kuma yana da kyakkyawan kariya.
Bambanci na geranium na lambu daga daki
An haɗa geranium na cikin gida ko pelargonium cikin rukuni ɗaya tare da geranium a cikin 1738, duk da cewa suna da bambancin asalin halitta. A waje, suna da kama sosai, amma suna da bambance-bambance da yawa. Misali, tsire-tsire mallakar gida ɗaya ne, amma ba za su iya yin cudanya da juna ba.
Teburin tattauna tattaunawar sauran sifofi.
| Alamar | Lambu | Room |
| Habitat | Yanayin yanayin yanayin zafi shine yankin Tekun Bahar Rum, Belarus, Asiya ta Tsakiya, yankuna na dutsen Caucasus, Siberiya da Gabas ta Tsakiya. | Mafi yawan Afirka ta Kudu. |
| Mai saurin yanayin yanayi | An ji mai girma a cikin ƙasa bude duk shekara zagaye, sosai sanyi-resistant. | Heat-auna, wintering na musamman daki. A cikin bude ƙasa na iya zama lokacin bazara. |
| Tsaba | "Geranius" daga yaren Greek - "crane". Ba don komai ba - ƙwayayen, ta hanyar bayyanarsu, sun yi kama da shugaban wannan tsuntsu. | "Pelargonium" a cikin fassara - "stork". Ta hanyar kwatanta. |
| Furanni | Ya yarda da furanni 5-8 na daidaitaccen tsari, su, bi da bi, suna samar da inflorescences wanda a ciki akwai kusan furanni 5. | Ganyayyaki daban-daban na siffofin marasa daidaituwa na zamani sun samar furanni da yawa. |
| Stamens | Har zuwa 10. | Har zuwa 7. |
| Launi | Babu tabarau masu launin ja. | Babu wasu shuɗi. |
Iri da nau'ikan geraniums
Kwanan nan, sanannen amfani da tsire-tsire a cikin shimfidar wuri mai faɗi yana ƙaruwa saboda kamanninsa mai ban sha'awa da kaddarorin, kamar juriya mai sanyi da ƙamus.
Akwai nau'ikan geraniums 400. Akwai rarrabuwa a yanayin gwargwadon tsayi na daji: low zuwa 50 cm, babba - sama da 50 cm gabaɗaya, ana iya rarrabe manyan nau'ikan 4 a Rasha:
- babban-rhizome crane;
- duhu crane mai haske;
- Kudancin Turai;
- geffium.
| Dubawa | Bayanin | Iri da iri |
| Marsh | Perennial tare da guntun gajerun asalinsu. Tsawon daji kusan 30-70 cm ne. Buds a cikin girth of 4 cm, 2-3 a cikin inflorescence, galibi yana da launi na lilac. Flow yana faruwa a farkon watanni biyu na bazara. Ya fi son danshi, saboda haka yana girma a cikin yankunan da fadama, ciyayi da gandun daji. Mahalli shine Turai ta Rasha, Belarus, Ukraine. An ƙimar shuka don halayen warkarwarsa: taimako tare da colic, cututtukan kunne, gout, cututtukan tsarin ƙwayar cuta, rheumatism; daidaituwar zuciya | - |
| Manyan kwalliya | Kyakkyawan yaduwar tsintsiya mai kusan cm 60. Furannin furanni masu launin shuɗi suna girma inflorescences na furanni 2-3. Ana iya lura da ruwa a duk lokacin bazara. Mafi ban sha'awa a cikin wannan nau'i sune ganye. Suna da fasalin yanayin diski mai ƙanshi kuma suna da fasalin mai ban sha'awa - a cikin kaka sun juya daga kore zuwa ja. | Alan Mayes, Jinin Zina, Mrs. Kendall Clark, Rosemoor. |
| Jojiyanci | Kadaitaccen daji ya girma zuwa 80 cm ba ga tsayi ba. Kuna iya haɗuwa da wata shuka a cikin yanayin cikin ciyayi na Caucasus. Tushen abin lura ne - sun ƙunshi launuka masu launi iri-iri na launi. Volumetric buds na purple hue tare da duhu aibobi. Lokacin fure yana daga Yuli zuwa Satumba. Fushin yana da inganci tare da kyawawan launuka masu launin shuɗi masu launin shuɗi. | - |
| Ja launin ruwan kasa | Carpathian daji har zuwa 80 cm tsayi tare da manyan ganye. Suna da nau'i mai ban sha'awa da tsari: launuka masu launin shuɗi masu duhu suna bayyana akan launin toka mai ƙare da ƙarshen bazara. Shuka yana da ƙananan furanni masu launin shuɗi, waɗanda filayen su tare da gefuna wavy, Bloom a watan Yuli-Agusta. | Langthorn's Blue, Lily Lovell, Samobor, Album. |
| Jini ja | Itaciyar mai hemispherical game da santimita 60. Babban sifofi ne babba furanni, fuchsia ko shunayya. Yana blooms duk lokacin rani. Ganyen tsiro a cikin kaka zai canza launin zuwa launin ja. Wannan nau'in geranium yana da kaddarorin warkarwa kuma ana amfani dashi don: ƙwayoyin cuta, fungi, cututtuka, kwayoyi da zub da jini. Sau da yawa ana amfani da Tinctures. | Alan Bloom, Apfelbute, Ankum's girman kai, Canon Miles, Elke, Nana, Prostratum. |
| Daji | Goge 80 cm tsayi tare da furanni purple. Fulawa ya ragu sosai, sati 3 kawai ya fara a watan Mayu ko Yuni. A cikin daji yayi girma a Yammacin Siberiya, Asiya ta Tsakiya, Turai. | Mayflower, Album, Birch Lilac. |
| Makiyaya | Dankin yana tasowa ne kawai a cikin wuraren da ke da hasken Eurasia. Tana da manyan furanni masu launuka daban-daban: daga ja zuwa shuɗi, daga shuɗi zuwa shunayya. An fara farawa kowane wata a watan Yuni. Yana da launin launi mai launi kore. Ana amfani dashi a magani azaman magani, maganin antimicrobial da anti-mai kumburi. | Algera Double, Cluden Sapphire, Ilja, Splates Splash. Jonson's Blue, Brookside, Kashmir Blue, Orion. |
| Staramin kanwa ko Armenian | Perennial kai 1.2 m tare da dogon ganye. Launinsu suna canzawa daga lokacin shekara: a lokacin rani sukan yi launin kore, a lokacin bazara suna jujjuyawa, a lokacin bazara kuma sukan jujjuya ja. A shuka blooms a watan Yuni, fure wasu ƙananan fuchsia. | Bressingham Flair, Ann Folkard. |
| Flat | Itaccan mai tsiro mai siffa-shukakiya mai girma, girma har zuwa rabin mitoci kuma a cikin girth har zuwa mita 1. Yana da ganyayyaki kore da furanni masu launin shuɗi. | - |
| Damuwa ko Perenayan | Saboda haɓakar ƙasarta - daji wanda ke da tsayi mai tsayi, yaduwa, rabin tsayi mita. Manyan ganye kore kusan 10 cm tsayi da ƙananan furanni ruwan hoda. Yana son ƙasa mai drained, inuwa m. | Gashi, Idanun Eye, Wargrave Pink, Betty Catchpole. |
| Himalayan | Ya haɓaka Tushen, tsayin daji bai wuce 60 cm ba .. leavesafin ganye da aka watsa tare da manyan buds a girth har zuwa cm 5. Fentin launuka daga shuɗi zuwa shunayya, tare da jan launi. Yawo daga ƙarshen bazara ya faɗi. Ya Yana son sako-sako da kuma drained ƙasa. Kuna iya haduwa a yankuna na Afghanistan, Tibet, Tajikistan da makiyayan Himalayan. | Jaka mai launin shuɗi, Gravetye, Irish Blue, Plenum, da Johnson's da kuma dangin Rozanne. |
| Dalmatian | Busharancin daji har zuwa 15 cm babba da 50 cm fadi tare da ƙananan furanni masu launi mai laushi mai laushi. Yana fure a lokacin rani. An watsa ganyayyaki a siffar, juya ja tare da raguwa mai ƙarfi a cikin zazzabi. Yana girma a cikin Montenegro da Albania. | - |
| Ash | Busharamin daji tare da furanni ruwan hoda mai haske. Fitar ruwa yana wuce kwanaki 20-40 kacal daga farkon watan bazara. Ganyen ana fentin su da launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi, suna da yanayin dissected, kusan 5 cm a tsayi. Suna zaune a cikin Albanian da makiyayan Balkan. | Ballerina, Splendens, Subcaulescens. |
| Renard | Itace Perennial tare da farin rhizome, girma na kusan cm 30. Tana da ganyayen fure na launuka na zaitun da furanni fari tare da gwal mai launin shuɗi. Gidan mahaifar wannan geranium shine Caucasus. | - |
| Roberta | Rabin tsirrai mai tsayin mita. Ganye yana kama da ganyayyaki fern, a cikin kaka suna iya canza launi zuwa orange. Furanni masu karamin haske masu ruwan hoda. Kara an rufe shi da wasu kananan gashin gashi. Tsarin jinsin sanannen shine cewa yana girma cikin natsuwa a tsaunuka, ya fi son inuwa. Yana girma a cikin gandun daji na Eurasia, Arewacin Amurka. | - |
| Wallich | Coverarancin murfin ƙasa ya girma zuwa 30 m a tsayi kuma nisansa ya kai rabin mita. Tana da ganye mai tsayi da furanni masu launin shuɗi, tare da farin cibiya. Lokacin fure yana daga tsakiyar bazara zuwa tsakiyar kaka. An samo shi a arewa maso gabashin Afghanistan, Kashmir. | Bambancin Buxton, Mai Girkin Buxton, Syabru, Crystal Lake. |
| Manyan-rhizome ko Balkan | Spherical undersized shrub tare da asalinsu asalinsu. A iri-iri ne indulgent ga haske. Ganyen suna zagaye kuma sun kasu kashi-kashi. Koren launi mai ɗorewa ya zama ja a lokacin bazara. Furanni suna zuwa cikin launuka masu haske: ruwan hoda, shunayya. Dankin yana da wari mai daɗi. Matsayin Alps da Balkans. Ana iya amfani da tushen sa azaman ɗanɗano na halitta a dafa abinci. Man geranium yana da kayan warkarwa da kwanciyar hankali. | Bambancin Bevan, Czakor, Lohfelden, Inganyar ta Ingwersen, Insversen, Spessart, Variegata. |
| Cantabrian | An samo matasan daga tsallaka Dalmatian da geranium mai girma-rhizome. Pearamin perennial yana da ganye mai haske da ƙananan furanni fari, ruwan hoda da shunayya. | Westray, St. Ole, Biokovo, Cambridge. |
Farfagandar lambu perennial geraniums
Crane na Crane za'a iya yi ta hanyoyi biyu:
- Seed - wata hanya mai wahala da wahala. Sakamakon haka, ya zama cewa wasu geraniums ba su iya fitar da owna ownan nasu ba, wasu kuma suna samar da kansu kuma suna tarwatsa su. Don yaduwa ta wannan hanya, ya zama dole don zaɓar mafi kyawun jinsunan da za su yi fure kawai bayan shekara guda.
- Kayan lambu ko yan itace - wata hanyar rarraba wani ɓangare na tushen. An ba da shawarar yin wannan hanyar a cikin bazara. Da farko kuna buƙatar shirya ƙasa: ƙara takin da takin peat. Gaba, a cikin irin wannan ƙasa ya kamata a dasa sprout. A nan gaba, ya zama dole don tabbatar da yin ruwa na yau da kullun, da wata daya bayan dasa, ciyar da seedling.
Dasa kuma kula da geraniums na lambu
Ana saukowa mafi kyau a cikin kaka ko bazara. Yana da Dole a shirya ƙasa: ƙara peat ko humus. Needsasa tana buƙatar shayar da ita. Kafin dasa, rarraba tushen shuka. Lokacin dasa shuki, ana bada shawara don kiyaye nesa tsakanin su kusan 30 cm.
Girma geraniums ba su da wahala. Sau ɗaya a shekara, ya isa ya ciyar da ƙasa da takin ma'adinai. Ruwa a kai a kai, yana riƙe matsakaicin matsakaici. Yana da kyau kusa da sauran tsire-tsire. Furen yana da tsayayya ga cututtuka da kwari, saboda yana da ƙanshin wari a gare su.
Cin nasara
Geranium tsire-tsire ne mai yin sanyi.
Ana iya barin ta a cikin amintaccen ƙasa a duk lokacin hunturu. Don yin wannan, kawai kuna buƙatar yanke ƙarin harbe da ganye.
Koyaya, geranium na cikin gida, pelargonium, baya jure yanayin zafi, sabili da haka ya fi kyau a tura shi zuwa ɗakunan da keɓe don hunturu. A saboda wannan, baranda ko gilashi, a cikin yanayin zafin jiki ba ya faɗuwa ƙasa + 12 ... +15 ° C, yana da kyau. Abin da ya sa aka ba da shawarar shuka geraniums a cikin tukwane na furanni, tukwane ko furannin furanni, don kafin lokacin sanyi. Kada a tona shi ko a watsa shi daga ƙasa.
Karin kwari da cututtuka
Godiya ga ƙanshinta, geranium ya juyar da kwari daga kanta da tsire-tsire makwabta. Idan, duk da haka, kwari sun buge shi, ya zama dole a yanke daji a karkashin kashin, kuma sassan yanke suna bukatar a ƙone su a bayan gadon furen don kada ƙasan ta kamu. Yawancin cututtuka suna faruwa yayin ruwa sosai.
Mafi mashahuri karin kwari da geraniums:
- Aphids - rabu da su ta hanyar fesa daji tare da takamaiman bayani.
- Goose - shirya kai hadari har sati daya, bayan wannan lokacin da sinadarin gurbataccen iska. Don yin yaƙar ya isa ya tattara ta da hannuwanku daga shuka.
- Whitefly - yi amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi "Spark".
Geranium yana da wata cutar - ganyayyaki ya juya ya zama rawaya. Wannan na faruwa ne tare da rashin isasshen danshi. Idan foliage crumbles, sabili da haka, shuka rasa haske.
Mr. Mazaunin bazara ya ba da shawara: kaddarorin amfani na geranium da contraindications
A cikin magungunan mutane, ana amfani da geranium a cikin nau'i na kayan ado, tinctures da mai wanda ke inganta lafiyar mutum.
Daga tushen tsire-tsire, zaku iya samun man geranium, wanda ya warkar da kaddarorin da contraindications. Man yana da wadataccen abinci a cikin glucose, fructose, tannins, bitamin. Ana amfani dashi don cututtukan hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri, kumburi, gajiya da raunin jijiya.
Yi hankali cikin rashin lafiyar. Dole ne a tuna cewa magani na kai ba shi da daraja, amfani da abubuwa dangane da geraniums na lambu tare da fa'idodin kiwon lafiya ya kamata likita ya bada shawarar. Hakanan, kayan ado suna da kyau kada su sha ga tsofaffi.
