Osteospermum: hoto, namo da kulawa

Osteospermum - ciyawa na shekara-shekara da shekara-shekara, ciyayi da shukoki na 'yan asalin Afirka ta Kudu, na gidan Compositae ne.

Ana amfani da nau'ikan nau'ikan Varietal don dalilai na ado. Saboda kamarsa da kai tsaye zuwa chamomile, ana kiran tsire-tsire da yawa a matsayin Afirka, Cape ko Blue-eyed dais, da Cape daisy.

Bayani da fasali na osteosperm

Osteospermum an kafa shi ne ta hanyar daji wanda ya girma zuwa 1 m a tsayi, duk da haka, wannan girman yana da wuya sosai kuma samfurori na 0 m na 0 suna mamaye a gadaje fure .. Yawancin lokaci, shuka yana girma ta hanyar lambu a matsayin shekara-shekara. Babban mahimmin abu shine ƙanshin da ake fitarwa ta ƙoshin ganye da kuma kara, waɗanda a duk faɗin ƙasa suna da ɗan ƙaramin aiki.

Flowering yana farawa a watan Yuni kuma yana ci gaba har zuwa lokacin sanyi lokacin sanyi, wanda ya bambanta da samuwar sabon buds. A bayyanar, fure yayi kama da chamomile, amma tare da babban paloti na inuwa, musamman irin su haske, mulufi da ruwan lemo.

Matsakaitan girma daga 2.5 zuwa 7.5 cm, ana iya buɗe su a cikin yanayin rana kawai, don haka shekara-shekara yana kare pollenta. Osteospermum na iya rage gudu ko ma dakatar da ci gaba a lokacin bazara, yayin da bai kamata ku shayar da shuka sosai ba ko kuma ci gaba da magani. Wannan halayen abu ne na zahiri kuma zai wuce da kansa lokacin da zazzabi ya daidaita.

Iri da nau'in osteosperm

Kungiyoyin kasa da kasa sun hada da nau'ikan tsirrai 70 da kuma dangin sa.

Eclona

Kwanan wata shekara da aka yiwa lakabi ya kai 1 m. Ba'a nuna ganye mai fadi zuwa gefen tare da hakora da yawa.

Ganye mai fararen fata fararen launi ne da jijiyoyin jini a gindi, saikaɗa kwandon duhu.

Abubuwa iri-iri

M

Annualarancin shekara, har zuwa 0.5-0.7 m ba ga tsawo. Furanni suna canza launi yayin da suka yi fure.

Abubuwa iri-iri

Shrubby

Dimananan girma ana yin su da yawa daga fure mai yawa akan ɗan itace ɗaya.

Abubuwa iri-iri

Sake bugun osteosperm

An ƙirƙira shi ta zuriya da ƙwaya, amma ƙarshen ya dace kawai samfuran cikin gida.

Tsarin iri

Don guje wa matsalolin da ke da alaƙa da ɗaukar hoto, an fara dasa manyan tsaba a cikin kofuna daban. Lokaci mafi dacewa don wannan ya bambanta kuma ya sha bamban daga yanki. Dangane da kalandar Lunar dole ne a dasa a watan Afrilu.

A kasar gona dace da sako-sako da, mai kyau danshi permeation. Ya ƙunshi:

• Sand;
• Peat;
• Sod ƙasar.

Don saukakawa, zaku iya shuka tsaba a cikin allunan peat - wannan ba zai ƙara osteopermum ba, tun da yake ƙasar za ta riga ta cika da duk abubuwan da ake buƙata na gina jiki. Hanyar mai kama da wannan tana ba da tabbacin kiyaye tushen lokacin dasawa. Don yin shuka yadda ya kamata, dole ne:

1. Sanya zuriyar a cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin da bai wuce 0.5 cm ba;
2. Rufe ganga da gilashi ko polyethylene;
3. Bar cikin wuri mai dumi, bushe tsawon mako 1.

Abin lura ne cewa tsarin shuka bashi da amfani da tsirran-tsintsiyar, wannan ya faru ne saboda yawan ostesperm, wanda yake kula da danshi sosai.

Mako guda baya, yana da kyau a sanya shuki a kan windowsill, zazzabi mai kyau a gare su zai kusan +18 ° C. Harbi zai fara buɗewa lokacin da rashin hasken halitta yake, zaku iya gyara ta ta amfani da ƙarin tushe, phytolamps cikakke ne. Zai dace a yi la'akari da cewa sa'o'in da aka ba da shawarar hasken rana ya kamata ya ɗauki kimanin sa'o'i 14. Yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da yau da kullun, amma a lokaci guda matsakaiciyar ruwa, tunda idan ruwa ya tsayar, osteospermum na iya juyawa.

Kwanaki 15 kafin dasa shuki a cikin bude kofa, sai ya fara taurara. Don yin wannan, ya kamata a gudanar da harbe-harbe na mintina da yawa a waje, sannu-sannu ƙara yawan lokacin da aka kashe a cikin sabo iska. Lokacin da barazanar sanyi ta wuce kuma yanayin halayyar Mayu an kafa - zaku iya dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa buɗe, yayin da ya zama dole don kula da nisa na 0.5 m tsakanin seedlings.

Yaduwa da osteospermum tare da tsaba waɗanda aka tattara a cikin lambun ku - kada kuyi tsammanin samun samfurori iri ɗaya, wannan ya shafi nau'in terry har zuwa mafi girma.

Farfagandar ta yanke

Yanke sune fin so su fitar da baya Afrilu. Don yaduwa, datsa daga saman shuka wanda ya riga ya girma ya dace. Wajibi ne a yanke wadanda suka kai 7 cm a tsayi. Ya kamata a cire ƙananan ganye kuma an sabunta yanki. To, tun da ɗan ɗanɗana, an sanya shukar a cikin wani abin da ke kunshe da yashi da cutuka. Don haka yakamata ku ƙirƙiri tasirin greenhouse ta hanyar rufe ganga tare da polyethylene kuma sanya shi a cikin wani wuri mai cike da wuta. Sannan kuna buƙatar kai ruwa a kai a kai kuma ku sha ruwan. Bayan sati 2 za suyi tushe.

Ginin waje da kulawa

An fi son shuka mai ƙaunar rana zuwa wuri mai buɗewa, mai cikakken haske, ƙaramin inuwa ya yarda.

Abubuwan da ake buƙata na ƙasa:

1. Acidity kusan 7 pH, kuma dan kadan acidic;
2. Takaitaccen haihuwa;
3. Friability;
4. Ruwa da iska na iska.

Da farko kuna buƙatar tono ƙasa, kuna ba shi friability, matakin shi da samar da isasshen lokacin da za a daidaita. Ba a iya lalata kumburin datti, saboda haka yakamata ayi la'akari da girman sa yayin yin ramuka. Bayan dasa, ya zama dole dan kadan dan kara dunkulewa a dunkule a kuma jika da yawa.

Dawowar fure ya danganta da tsari na shayarwa a wannan lokacin, amma sauran lokacin ya dace da danshi idan ya zama dole.

Nitsuwa da miya

Branching na shuka kai tsaye ya dogara da pinching dace. Da farko, wannan ya shafi firam na harbe. Hakanan, namowar ba ta cika ba tare da amfani da takin ma'adinai sau 3 a kowace kakar:

1. Kwanaki 15 bayan dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa bude;
2. A mataki na tying buds;
3. A daren Hawan kaka.

Don kula da kama da kayan ado, yana da mahimmanci don sakin tsire daga lokacin inflorescences.

Nasarawa

Osteospermum zai iya overwinter lafiya kawai a cikin yankuna mai laushi, wato, waɗanda inda ƙananan zafin jiki bazai sauke ƙasa da -10 ° C ba. A wannan yanayin, furen yana buƙatar ƙarin rufi, alal misali, ana iya rufe shi da bushewar ganye.

Idan kewayon zazzabi bai cika abin da ake buƙata ba, yana da kyau a koma ga waɗannan ayyukan:

1. A hankali cire daji, alhali ba a lalata tsarin tushen sa;
2. Shirya cikin babban akwati;
3. Bar tare da zazzabi ba ya ƙasa da -10 ° C kuma wani lokacin ruwa;
4. A cikin bazara, dasa osteospermum baya.

Kyaftin da ya bushe akan titi ya kamata ya datse duk mai tushe a bazara.

Cutar da kwari

Ba a yiwa Osteospermum yawancin kwari da kwari na yau da kullun ke tsakiyar latitude ba, irin wannan yanayin tare da cututtuka. Yawan danshi, wanda yake haifar da lalacewar tushe, na iya cutar daji. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata a kula da daji tare da fungicides.

Ba koyaushe zai yiwu don warkar da shuka ba, don haka yana da mahimmanci a ɗauki matakan rigakafin a cikin wani yanayi wanda zai taimaka wajen kula da lafiyar ɗan itacen. Yin rigakafin cutar ta hada da:

• Weeding na kan lokaci;
• Adadin tsaba yadda yakamata;
• Kulawa ta yau da kullun na pH ƙasa ba ta yarda da ƙarancin ƙarami ko matsanancin matakan acidity;
• M ciyawa, isasshen hydration;
• Inganta yanayin kasa;
• Girbi gutsuren tsintsiyar itace, yana da mahimmanci don hana hunturursu a cikin ƙasa.

Idan babu sauran hanyoyin abinci, aphids za su ci osteosperm. Alamomin halayyar za su zama rawaya da faɗuwar ganye. Don kawar da kwaro - kawai fesa daji tare da kwari, wasu hanyoyin, misali, maganin sabulu, su ma sun dace. Don yin sa, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar gilashin 1-2 na ash kuma ku zuba lita 10 na ruwan zãfi tare da 1/7 na daidaitaccen yanki na sabul ɗin wanki, wanda dole ne a murƙushe shi a cikin shavings. Don haka barin mafita don infuse na dare. Yi sauri ta hanyar cheesecloth kafin fesa. Babban don kare kananan tsirrai.

Mr. Dachnik ya ba da shawarar: ra'ayoyi don wurin da ake amfani da ca da abinci a cikin lambun Cape

Dankin yayi kyau duka a cikin shimfidar wuri babba da karamin lambu. An dasa shi a matsayin shuka kan iyaka, haɗe shi da kayan haɗin dutse, kuma ya dace da gadaje fure mai hade da masu hade. Kyakkyawan bayyanar ta sa tsiron ya zama ruwan dare, haɗe tare da ɗimbin yawa iri da iri.

Anyi amfani dashi don yin kwalliyar lawn, daji mai tsayi zai nishadantar. Varietiesa'idodin karami sun dace da dasa a cikin tukunya, don masu rataye da injin, baranda da wuraren shakatawa. Ba zai zama da alaƙa a ɗaure da mai tushe ba, idan ɗaukakar daji ba ya yarda ya ci gaba da siffar ba. Za'a iya amfani da nau'in dwarf azaman tsire-tsire na ƙasa. Osteospermum na farin sautunan zai ƙirƙiri abun ban mamaki tare da lavender, Iberis, manta-ni-nots da petunias.