Medvedka: hotuna, bayanin, yadda ake yin gwagwarmaya

Medvedka kwaro ne mai haɗari wanda ba kawai yana tsoratarwa ba, amma kuma yana iya lalata yawancin kayan lambu. A farkon alamun bayyanar kwaro a cikin lambu, ya zama dole a fara fada da shi gaba daya, wannan yana ba da tabbacin kyakkyawan sakamako da kuma adana amfanin gona.

Bear: bayanin

Kwaro ne na orthoptera 5 cm a tsayi, ana samun manyan mutane na 6 cm ko fiye. An rufe jikin tare da ƙananan gashi. Cephalothorax tayi sau 3 fiye da taushi, kauri, daskararren ciki, wanda a karshensa akwai kayan cerci - na bakin ciki. Tsarin jirgi a cikin sashin jikin mutum yana da wahala, kamar na crustaceans, kuma yana taimakawa wajen adana ƙasa lokacin da tona rami kuma wani ɓangaren yana kiyaye kai. Akwai yatsun kunne a kansa, idanu biyu masu cakuduwa a gefuna, kayan aiki na baka tare da jaws mai ƙarfi da kuma shinge huɗu a gefunan. Launin ɓangaren ɓangaren ɓangaren chitinous yana da duhu da launin ruwan kasa; ciki na da haske mai launin rawaya mai haske.

Hannun goshi tare da gajeren zango da aka tsara don tono tunnels a cikin ƙasa sun sha bamban sosai da sauran. Legsafafan Hind don tsalle-tsalle ba a yin amfani da su sosai, duk da haka, beyar na iya tashi zuwa babban tsayi na mita 3-5.

Don tashiwa, akwai wata fikafikan fuka-fukai tare da membranes da veins wanda idan an ɗora shi, yayi kama da lamuran bakin ciki kuma galibi ya wuce tsawon jiki. A saman akwai magoya baya na fata masu fata biyu waɗanda ba sa shiga cikin tashin sama. Yana da godiya ga rudani na waɗannan elytra cewa kwari suna yin sautuka waɗanda za a iya jiyo su nesa da kusan kilomita 0.5. Don haka, maza ke gayyato mata don miji. Tsutsa na beyar ba ya tashi.

Saboda gaskiyar cewa manya suna motsawa da sauri a kan ƙasa da ƙasa, suna tashi, yin iyo da tsalle sosai, ana ɗaukar su mafi tsohuwar nau'in kwari a duniya. Saboda kwarewar sa, fasalulukan tsarin jiki da abinci mai gina jiki, kwaro yana da sunaye da yawa: kabeji, beyar, ciwon daji na ƙasa ko wasan kurket. Tsammani na shekaru 3-5.

Dalilin bayyanar

Medvedka ya fi son a zauna a wurare masu kyau tare da sako-sako da ƙasa mai gina jiki. A cikin ƙasa mai laushi da laushi, ana kuma samun kwari, amma ƙasa da yawa akai-akai. Sau da yawa, lambu da kansu tsokane bayyanar wani kwaro, ta yin amfani da taki don takin gadaje, wanda aka sami larvae da manya.

Bear cutarwa

Medvedka galibi tana shafar kayan lambu, musamman ma ɓangarorin ɓarnar da ke ƙasa; amma ba ta ciyar da ciyawa da ciyawa, ta fi son tsire-tsire masu ciyawar. Mafi sau da yawa shafi:

• Tumatir
• radish;
• beets;
• dankali
• cucumbers
• dasa asalinsu
• furanni
• faski;
• karas;
• kabeji;
• kwai;
• barkono;
• guna;
• radish.

Cikakken bears shine cewa mafi yawan lokacin da yake ciyarwa a karkashin kasa, tono yana motsawa a cikin kasa, gina gida don kwanciya qwai. Ya fi son daskararren ciyayi da sako-sako, a cikin irin waɗannan yanayi an girke shi ba nisa daga ƙasa ƙasa: 5-10 cm, idan akwai ƙarancin danshi zai iya tono cikin zurfin 0.5 m ko fiye.

Har ila yau, lokacin girkin kabeji yana faruwa a cikin ƙasa, nesa daga farfajiya na kimanin mil 2. Tare da isowar yanayin dumi, farawa da saurin girma. An nuna bayyanar beyar a gonar ta hanyar yankuna masu yankan shuka, mace cire shi don mafi dumin masonry a cikin ƙasa. Qwai ya girma a cikin kwanaki 10-14 kuma a farkon larvae yana ciyar da ƙwayar mahaifiyar, kuma bayan kwanaki 7-8 sun girma a cikin girma kuma sun fara cizo mai tushe, tubers ko tushen ɓangaren tsire-tsire tare da manya. 'Ya'yan suna da yawan cin abinci sosai kuma suna haifar da babbar illa ga amfanin gona. Kwaro ne kaɗai zai iya lalata bushes zuwa 14-15 a kowane dare.

Mafi kyawun lokacin don magance kwaro shine bazara ko kaka.

A yankuna masu dumama, beyar bai damu da cin shayi ba, 'ya'yan itacen' ya'yan lemo da gyada. A cikin lambun, apple, pear, ceri, apricot ko bishiran peach na iya shafa. A gefen gandun daji akwai aksan itacen oak, dabino, ,a .an. Larvae na muƙamuƙi masu ƙarancin ci gaba, saboda haka suna ciyar da ƙananan kwari, tsaba da ƙananan Tushen tsire-tsire.

Hanyoyi masu tasiri don magance beyar

Yaƙi beyar a cikin yankin yana da wahala sosai, amma dole, saboda idan ba ku fara lalata kwari ba a cikin lokaci, zaku iya rasa yawancin amfanin gona a gadaje. Dole ne a yi amfani da hanyoyi da yawa a cikin lokacin bazara, kuma wani lokacin shekaru 2-3 a jere. A yau, akwai hanyoyi masu yawa masu tasiri: daga saita tarkuna da kama kwari da hannu zuwa amfani da sunadarai.

Hanyoyin hanyoyin

An dauke su masu sauqi, ya isa kawai su haƙa rami wani wuri a wuraren da aka mai da hankallan beyar a ƙasa. Abubuwan da aka gano da kuma kwan-kwan-kwai suna ƙarƙashin lalacewa.

Yana da kyau a aiwatar da loosening na gona a cikin kaka bayan girbi ko a farkon bazara. Ingancin filayen noma yana da matukar muhimmanci, yayin da ake aiwatar da wannan tsari, ƙarancin bears zai iya fitowa a kakar mai zuwa. Yawancin wuraren da suka lalata da kuma hanyoyin da ke ƙarƙashin ƙasa zasu sa kwari su nemi sabon wurin zama a wasu yankuna.

Hanyar ingantacciya ita ce a cikin abin da ake saukar da magudanar 8-10 na man sunflower a cikin sassan kwance, wanda zai hana beyar yin numfashi a ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Bayan an ƙara ruwa, idan ƙasa ta bushe, ana iya buƙatar bulo mai daɗi, waɗannan ayyukan zasu haifar da kwaro ya nitse ko yawo ƙasa, inda zai zama mai sauƙin kamawa.

Kuna iya tono a cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin maɓallin 25-30 cm na Aspen ko alder, mai kauri 2 cm kuma koyaushe yana tare da haushi. Nisa tsakanin posts ɗin yakamata ya zama 1-2 m, a cikin lokacin za su buƙaci maye gurbinsu da sababbi sau 2-3.

Kafa tarkuna

Hanyar ingantacciya don kula da kwaro shine sanya tarkuna a shafin, da yawa daga cikinsu ana iya yin su da hannuwanku daga kayan aikin da aka inganta a gida. Da ke ƙasa akwai wasu ra'ayoyi masu sauƙi:

• Filastik kwantena tare da partieally rotted taki dage farawa a cikin shi a zurfin da 0.5 m. Yana da sauki halaka kwaro, kawai kana buƙatar diba da mullein a lokacin sanyi na farko, kwari, larvae da kwan kwanciya mutu. A lokacin bazara, ana gano irin waɗannan tarkunan bayan kwanaki 20-25, zubar da kwari da suka fada ciki.
• Gilashin gilashin da aka haƙa a ƙasa a wuraren da aka gano motsawar beyar. Ita, ba ta lura da tarko ba, za ta fada cikin ta. Hakanan zaka iya cika rabin akwati da ruwa, yanayin gumi zai zama ƙarin koto.
• Wani kwandon shara, wanda aka sanyaya da zuma a tsayi ¼, ya sake shiga cikin abin da aka rufe tare da rufe ƙarfe ko takardar fim tare da bambaro na sama.
• Ruwan kwalba na 0.5 tare da giya (100 g) an zuba a ciki, a haƙa a kusurwa, a cikin rami da aka yi a cikin ƙasa mai daɗaɗɗa. Neckunƙun, ya fi kyau a ɗaure shi da tsintsiya ɗaya, bai kamata ya fita daga ƙasa ba. An rufe hutu don karfe ko tayal. Ana iya maye gurbin tarkon ko a tura shi wani wuri bayan kwana 7-10.
• Katin katako mai laushi ya shimfiɗa a kan gadaje kafin dasa shuki kayan lambu da furanni. A ƙarƙashin zanen gado, tsawon lokaci, wurare suna bayyana wanda, da aka nuna wasu naƙasasshen hannu, zaku iya kama kwayar. Babban yanayin shine a yi shuru da sauri. Hakanan, don ƙirƙirar wuraren dumi, masana'anta, ruberoid ko fim ɗin baƙar fata wanda ke jan hankalin haskoki rana da kyau ya dace.
• Babban beets ko karas an binne shi gaba ɗaya a cikin ƙasa don jan hankalin manya. Ba karamin girma, alal misali, Medvedox, ya kamata a sanya shi kusa da nan.

Wani zabin shine warwatse hadadden kwari wanda ake hada abubuwa masu guba. Tafasa sha'ir lu'ulu'u, buckwheat ko oatmeal, ƙara 1 tbsp. l man sunflower, Mix da zuba a cikin ampoule na miyagun ƙwayoyi Regent ko B-58. Halfara rabin rabin garin tafarnuwa a ƙasa ka ajiye shi kusa da kowace ƙofar zuwa ƙwarjin kwari na kwari. Zai fi kyau amfani da cakuda mai guba a cikin bazara lokacin da seedlings na kayan lambu suka bayyana.

Madadin hatsi, zaku iya ɗaukar burodin burodin stale tare da maganin kashe kwari.

Na'urar na'urorin tsoro

Hanyar zamani na murkushe harin bera shine amfani da na'urorin ultrasonic:

• Chiston III;
• Tornado 0ZV.01;
• Topaz

Dalilin aikinsu shine ƙarni na raƙuman ruwa na musamman waɗanda ke haifar da kwari a cikin haɗari da tsoro. Wannan hanya kuma tana taimakawa wajen fitar da moles, shhir da macizai daga shafin kuma gaba daya bashi da illa ga dabbobi da mutane. Akwai samfuran da ke aiki akan batirin hasken rana ko alkaline, na'urar guda ɗaya ta isa don kadada shida na ƙasa. Koyaya, yan lambu sun lura da ƙarancin ingancin wannan hanyar da kuma tsadar kayan aiki.

Hanyoyin gwagwarmaya na jama'a

Madadin sinadarai, yan lambu da yawa sun gwammace su yi amfani da magungunan mutane don yakar beyar, wannan saboda samuwarsu ne, saukin masana'anta a gida.

Mafi yawan shawarwari sune:

• Qwai. Niƙa kuma ƙara 1-2 tablespoons na man sunflower tare da wari, ya watsu cikin tsummoki da ramuka yayin dasa shuki da shuka iri. Wannan cakuda shima zai zama ingantaccen taki.
• Tar. Sanya 2-3 tbsp. l A cikin ruwa mai tafasasshen ruwan da aka haɗowa. Bayan yadawa zuwa zurfin 2-3 cm daga farfajiyar substrate.
• Amoniya. 1 tbsp. l Lita 10, shayar da albarkatun da aka dasa daga ruwa mai iya sha, ba ƙoƙarin samun kan fararen ganye. Bayan an tunawa da mafita, kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar dunƙulen mulching a saman. Don kariya ta dogon lokaci, ya zama dole don yin wani ban ruwa na 1-2 tare da tazara tsakanin kwanaki 10-12. Kuna iya amfani da wannan hanyar lokacin girma kayan lambu a cikin greenhouse.
• Kerosene. Aara dropsan saukad da ƙasa a cikin yashi kuma Mix, yada sakamakon cakuda a ƙofar zuwa rafin kabeji. Don irin wannan manufa, ana iya amfani da naphthalene.
• Sabulu Zuba cikin ramuka da lalata kwaro bayan ya bayyana a farfajiyar ƙasa. Kuna iya amfani da kawai 50 g wanke foda a guga na ruwa, yana da kyau kada kuyi babban taro, saboda wannan na iya lalata tsire-tsire a shafin. Koyaya, an ba da shawarar lambu da gogaggen lambu don amfani da bayani na kwalta ko gida.
• Man mai. Sanya 0.5 tsp a cikin ramuka a cikin ƙasa. kuma ƙara ruwa, zai fi dacewa daga tiyo.
• Iodine. Dilute kuma bi da substrate, 20-40 saukad da lita 10.
• Albasa kwasfa. Sanya tincture da ruwa abubuwan motsawa.
• Tafarnuwa. Sanya murfin da aka murƙushe a cikin kowace rijiya lokacin dasa.
• Kayan tsirrai. Tsarke 200 gr ta 10 l kuma zuba tsakanin layuka. Nitrogen da ke cikin cakudawar zai kawo cikas ga rayuwar cingar cuda a cikin kwayoyin cutar kansa ta duniya.
• Katanga da aka yi da kwantena na filastik. Yanke kwalabe cikin zobba kuma sanya su a cikin ƙasa kewaye da seedlings.
• Kifayen kifi. Kayan gado a gefuna na lambu, ƙanshi mai ƙarfi na lalata kayan lalata zai tsoratar da tsofaffi.
• Marigolds, chrysanthemums da calendula. Shuka gefen gonar. Yada rassan coniferous ko yayyafa wani gado mai tsananin murmushin allura.
• Katunan Nailan. Ya kamata a nannade su a cikin tushen tushen, wannan hanyar tana da dacewa a cikin wannan yayin da ƙananan ƙwayar matasa ke girma, ƙwayar za ta miƙa wuya.
• Tsoratar da na'urori daga ingantattun hanyoyin. A tono fil na ƙarfe, madaidaiciyar waya 30-40 cm tsawo. Bayan haka, a kan sanduna kuna buƙatar haɗa haɗe gwangwani na ƙarfe a gefuna ko ƙananan kananun da aka sanya a cikin yaren da aka haɗa. Godiya ga iska, an kirkiro hayaniya da ringing, wanda, yadu zuwa ƙasa, zai tsoratar da kwari.
• Mulching Layer na bambaro mai haske.

Kayayyakin halittu

Idan babu wani marmarin amfani da sinadarai, zaku iya gwada samfuran halitta waɗanda ba sa cutar da ƙasa da tsire-tsire:

• Boverin. Ana cutar da kwaro tare da cutar fungal. Babu hadari ga mutane, dabbobi da tsuntsaye.
• Bio gado. Hakanan miyagun ƙwayoyi ba shi da lahani, ya ƙunshi sinadaran halitta tare da ƙanshi mai ƙarfi.
• Nemabakt. A matsayin ɓangare na ɓarnatar naman gwari wanda ke haifar da mutuwar kwaro. Kada kayi amfani da yanayin zafi sama da +25 ° C, adana a cikin firiji.

A yayin yaƙar kwaro, beyar kuma yana iya taimaka wa magabtan halitta:

• Larra wasps;
• crows da starlings suna ciyar da kajin da waɗannan kwari;
• tururuwa suna ciyar da ƙwai kabeji;
• shinge, iska da beraye suna ci larvae da manya.

Chemical

A yayin da aka gwada sauran hanyoyin magance kwaro, kuma magungunan jama'a ba su ba da tasiri mai kyau don tsawan yanayi ɗaya ko 2, ya kamata ku koma shirye-shiryen sunadarai waɗanda zasu taimaka kawar da beyar a yankin.

Wasu daga cikin lambu suna ba da shawarar yin amfani da magungunan da ke lalata ƙwayar dankalin turawa na Colorado a kan beyar, duk da haka, irin waɗannan magunguna ba su da arha da rashin inganci.

Ya kamata kuma ku gwada akan wurin da aka yafa ramuka a cikin ƙasa tare da 5 grams na alli carbite. Bayan fitowar bayyanar tare da samuwar acetylene, wanda yake cutarwa ga bear, shayarwa wajibi ne.

Wata doka mai mahimmanci: duk aikin akan wurin da aka shayar da sinadarai ana iya aiwatar da su kawai bayan kwanaki 7-8.

Mr. Maigidan bazara ya ba da shawara: rigakafin bayyanar beyar

Sakamakon saurin haifuwa, da mahimmancin kwari da fasalin jikinta, yana da matuƙar wahalar yaƙi da beyar. Don hana bayyanar kabeji, yakamata a yi matakan kariya na gaba:

• Kada kuyi amfani da taki kamar taki.
• Don sanya tushen seedling a lokacin da dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa a cikin kofuna waɗanda aka yi da kwalabe filastik tare da sare da aka yanke.
• Kirkiro wani mulching Layer a kan gadaje. Abubuwan allura suna da kyau.
• Sanya tsummokin kaji a tsibi takin, wanda hakan zai hana lardin beyar ya ninka kuma ya bayyana.
• Shuka tsaba marigold a kusa da kewaye da gadaje ko kawai rufe ganye ko furanni a cikin ƙasa. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da keɓaɓɓun ƙwayoyi tare da takamaiman wari wanda baya son cutar daji.
• Yin huɗa ƙasa kafin farkon sanyi, iska mai lahani tana cutar da ƙwai da kwaro.

Medvedka kwaro ne mai mahimmanci wanda ke haifar da matsaloli da yawa kuma yana lalata amfanin gona, duk da haka, sanin halayen kabeji, yanayin rayuwarsa da kuma saninsa tare da hanyoyi da yawa don magance kwaro, zaku iya zaɓar mafi dacewa da tasiri.