Duk wanda ke tsiro da kayan lambu ko amfanin gona a gonarsa ya fahimci cewa yana da matukar wuya a shuka amfanin gona mai albarka ba tare da takin mai magani ba.
Nitrogen - Wannan shi ne mafi mahimmanci kayan abinci mai gina jiki ga dukan albarkatun gona, wajibi ne don ci gaba da bunƙasa seedlings a cikin bazara, kazalika da ƙarar katako.
Tare da rashin nitrogen, tsire-tsire suna da rauni, ci gaba sannu a hankali kuma sau da yawa sukan yi rashin lafiya. Yin amfani da takin mai magani na nitrogen shi ne hanya mafi sauki, mafi sauri kuma mafi inganci don cika nauyin wannan ɓangaren. Saboda haka, a cikin wannan labarin za mu bincika abin da takin mai magani yake, menene bambance-bambance, kazalika da babban amfani da rashin amfani da amfani da su.
Amfani da nitrogen a cikin aikin noma
Ta hanyar rarraba rarrabuwa nitrate nitrogen da takin mai magani (nitrate), ammonium da amide (urea). Dukansu suna da kaya daban-daban da siffofi na amfani a wurare daban.
Daya daga cikin kungiyoyin irin wannan takin mai magani shine nitrate (gishiri na nitric acid), wanda zai iya zama sodium, alli da ammonium. Ammonium nitrate ya ƙunshi rabin nitrogen a nitrate, rabi a cikin ammonium tsari kuma yana da ƙwayar ƙasa.
Babban "gasa" na ammonium nitrate shi ne urea, wanda ya ƙunshi kusan sau biyu na nitrogen. Kafin ka ba da fifiko ga daya ko wata nitrogen taki, gwada gano abin da ya fi kyau - urea ko ammonium nitrate.
Yadda za a yi amfani da ammonium nitrate
Ammonium nitrate, ko ammonium nitrate - kayan ma'adinai a cikin nau'i na gilashi masu launin fari ko marasa lu'ulu'u.
Abincin nitrogen ya dogara da irin taki da jeri daga 26 zuwa 35%.
Bisa ga yankin climatic da nau'in ƙasa, ana amfani da nau'o'in ammonium nitrate.
- Gishiri mai sauƙi. Ƙarar da ta fi dacewa da ta samar da kayan abinci mai gina jiki ga tsire-tsire kuma ana amfani dashi ga dukkanin tsire-tsire masu horar da su a tsakiyar zamanan zaman.
- Mark "B". An yi amfani dashi mafi yawa don yin amfani da furanni da furanni lokacin da suke girma cikin gida a cikin hunturu.
- Ammonium potassium nitrate. An yi amfani da shi don ciyar da bishiyoyi da shrubs a cikin bazara, da kuma lokacin da dasa shuki seedlings a bude ƙasa.
- Magnesium nitrate. An yi amfani dashi don yin amfani da kayan lambu da kayan legumes na nitrogen. Yana inganta ci gaban ƙwayar ɗumbun yawa kuma yana kunna tsarin photosynthesis. Saboda kasancewar magnesium, wannan taki yana dace da haske mai haske da yashi.
- Calcium ammonium nitrate. Taki tare da sakamako mai rikitarwa, yana tasiri sosai ga tsire-tsire, ba zai shafar acidity na ƙasa, ya ƙunshi har zuwa 27% nitrogen, 4% na calcium, 2% magnesium.
- Calcium nitrate. Mafi dacewa ga turf ƙasa.
Kusan dukkanin lambu sun san abin da ammonium nitrate yayi a matsayin taki kuma menene dokoki don yin amfani da hankali don kaucewa mummunan tasiri a kan mutum. Ana ba da takardar izinin kowane taki an umarce shi a cikin umarnin akan rubutunsa, ba za a iya wuce su a kowane hali ba.
Ana gabatar da nitrate a cikin ƙasa a lokacin da ake yin gonar a shirye-shiryen dasa. Lokacin da aka dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, za a iya amfani dashi a saman miya. Idan ƙasar ba ta da kyau sosai kuma ta gaji, da shawarar da ake yi na gishiri shine 50 g ta mita 1. m A kan mai kyau, ƙasa m - kimanin 20-30 g da 1 square. m
A lokacin da dasa shuki seedlings a bude ƙasa a matsayin saman miya isa 1 tbsp. spoons ga kowane seedling. Shuka albarkatu masu tushe, karin ciyarwa bayan makonni 3 bayan germination. Don yin wannan, 1 lokaci a kowace kakar, ana sanya ramuka masu zurfi a cikin hanya, inda ake amfani da ammonium nitrate zuwa kimanin 6-8 g ta mita 1. ƙasa mita.
Kayan lambu (tumatir, cucumbers, da dai sauransu) ana ciyar da su a lokacin da dasa shuki ko sati bayan dasawa. Godiya ga amfani da ammonium nitrate a matsayin taki, tsire-tsire suna girma da ƙarfi kuma suna ƙara yawan foliar. Ana yin gyaran irin wannan takin mai magani kamar mako guda kafin flowering.
Yana da muhimmanci! Bai kamata a yi amfani da takin mai amfani da Nitrogen ba a lokacin da aka samu 'ya'yan itace.
Yin amfani da urea a cikin aikin lambu
Urea, ko carbamide - taki a cikin nau'i na cristalline tare da wani abu mai girma nitrogen (46%). Wannan kyauta ce mai mahimmanci, tare da nasarorinsa da fursunoni.
Babban bambanci tsakanin urea da ammonium nitrate shine cewa urea ya ƙunshi sau biyu na nitrogen.
Abubuwan da ke gina jiki na 1 kilogiram na urea sun daidaita da 3 kilogiram na nitrate. Nitrogen a cikin abun da ke ciki na urea, mai sauƙin soluble a cikin ruwa, yayin da abubuwan gina jiki ba su zuwa kashin ƙasa na ƙasa.
Urea yana da shawarar da za a yi amfani da shi azaman ciyarwa, saboda lokacin da aka lura da sashi, shi a hankali yake aiki kuma baya ƙone ganye. Wannan yana nufin cewa ana iya amfani da wannan taki a lokacin girma na tsire-tsire, yana dace da kowane iri da kuma sharuddan aikace-aikacen.
- Babban ciyar (kafin shuka). Dole ne a kara zurfin launukan fata na Urea a cikin ƙasa, kamar yadda ammonia ya kwashe waje. A kan wuraren da aka shafe, an yi amfani da taki kafin ban ruwa. A wannan yanayin, nauyin urea da mita 100 na mita. m ya kamata ya kasance daga 1.3 zuwa 2 kg.
Yana da muhimmanci! Urea dole ne a yi amfani da kasar gona kwanaki 10-15 kafin shuka, wanda ya haifar da cutarwa mai inganci, wadda aka kafa a lokacin granulation na urea, yana da lokaci zuwa soke. Tare da babban abun ciki na biuret (fiye da 3%), shuke-shuke zasu mutu.
- Shuka miya (a lokacin shuka). An bada shawarar da za a yi amfani da shi tare da takin mai magani na potash don samar da layin da ake kira Layer tsakanin takin mai magani da tsaba. Bugu da ƙari, daɗin rarraba takin mai magani na potassium tare da urea yana taimakawa wajen kawar da lalacewar cutar da urea zai iya kasancewa a gaban biuret. Sashin urea lokacin da ake ciyarwa a mita mita 10. m ya zama 35-65 g.
- Rubutattun launi na jiki. An yi shi ne ta hanyar spray da safe ko da yamma. Maganin urea (5%) ba ya ƙone ganye, da bambanci da ammonium nitrate. Dama don ciyar da foliar ta mita 100. m - 50-100 of g urea da lita 10 na ruwa.
An shawarci Urea da za a yi amfani da shi a wasu wurare daban-daban don yin furanni da furanni, 'ya'yan itace da shuke-shuke na Berry, kayan lambu da kuma amfanin gona.
Shin kuna sani? Urea za a iya amfani dashi wajen yaki da kwari da kwari daga bishiyoyi. Lokacin da yawan zafin jiki na iska bai kasa ba +5 °C, amma buds a kan bishiyoyi basu riga sun rushe ba, kambi yana fesa tare da bayani na urea (50-70 g da 1 lita na ruwa). Wannan zai taimaka wajen kawar da kwari da ke cikin tsire-tsire. Kada ka wuce sashi na urea lokacin da spraying, zai iya ƙone ganye.
Menene bambanci tsakanin urea da ammonium nitrate, da abin da yake mafi kyau
Ammonium nitrate da urea suna da takin mai magani nitrogen, amma akwai gagarumin bambanci tsakanin su. Na farko, suna da nau'in nitrogen a cikin abun da ke ciki: 46% nitrogen a cikin urea zuwa iyakar 35% a nitre.
Ba za a iya amfani da Urea ba kawai a matsayin abincin mai ban sha'awa, amma har ma a lokacin girma na tsire-tsire, yayin da ake amfani da ammonium nitrate kawai ga kasar gona.
Urea, ba kamar ammonium nitrate ba, wani taki ne mafi muni. Amma babban bambanci shi ne cewa gishiri bisa manufa - Ita ce ma'adinaikuma urea - Organic.
Tare da taimakon tushen tsarin, tsire-tsire yana ciyarwa kawai a kan mahallin ma'adinai, kuma ta hanyar ganye duk ma'adinai da kwayoyin halitta, amma ƙananan kwayoyin halitta. Urea dole ne ya wuce hanya kafin ya fara aiki mai aiki, amma yana riƙe da abincin abincin sinadaran ya fi tsayi.
Duk da haka, wannan ba shine bambanci tsakanin urea da ammonium nitrate ba. Ammonium nitrate rinjayar acidity na ƙasa, ba kamar urea. Saboda haka, don amfani a ƙasa mai magunguna, kazalika da tsire-tsire da furanni waɗanda basu yarda da haɓaka cikin acidity ba, urea ya fi tasiri.
Saboda abun ciki na nau'i biyu na nitrogen a ammonium nitrate - ammoniya da nitrate, yadda yawancin abinci akan qasa yana qarawa. Ammonium nitrate yana da mummunan fashewa kuma yana buƙatar yanayi na musamman na ajiya da sufuri. Urea yana da mahimmanci kawai don wuce haddi.
Abubuwa da rashin amfani da amfani da ammonium nitrate a kasar
Daga cikin amfanonin ammonium nitrate sune wadannan.
Game da tattalin arziki, gishiri yana da amfani ga lambun kayan lambu, shi ne taki mafi arha, kuma amfaninta shine 1 kg a mita 100. mita Amfanin nitrate za a iya amfani dashi daga farkon marigayi zuwa ƙarshen kaka. Bugu da ƙari, tana da muhimmiyar siffa - ma'auninta yana ƙone snow, wanda ya ba da damar shuka taki a kan dusar ƙanƙara ba tare da jin tsoron ɓawon burodi ba ko lokacin farin ciki.
Wani kyakkyawan maɓallin gishiri - iya aiki a cikin ƙasa mai sanyi. Ana amfani da inabi, shrubs, kayan lambu da bishiyoyi tare da ammonium nitrate har ma a kan ƙasa mai daskarewa, an rufe ta da rake. A wannan lokaci, kasar gona, ko da yake "barci", yana fama da yunwa na azaman nitrogen. Da takin mai magani da ƙasa mai daskarewa ba zai iya jurewa ba, kamar yadda suke fara aiki lokacin da kasar gona ta fi dacewa. Amma gishiri yana aiki sosai a cikin irin waɗannan yanayi.
Duk da yadda yawancin ammonium nitrate yake da shi, wannan taki yana da magunguna, misali, shi contraindicated ga ƙasa acid. Dole ne a sanya gishiri mai kyau a hankali tsakanin layuka domin sakin ammoniya ba zai lalata seedlings ba.
Kwanan nan, ya zama da wuya a saya ammonium nitrate, saboda karuwar fashewa. Wannan shi ne musamman ga masu lambu da suka sayi taki a cikin manyan abubuwa - fiye da 100 kg. Wannan hujja, kazalika da matsalolin harkokin sufuri da ajiya sun sa gishiri bai dace ba kuma mafi matsala ga mai kulawa.
Abubuwan da ake amfani da su da kuma fursunoni na amfani da urea
Yi la'akari yanzu duk wadata da kuma fursunoni na urea. Daga cikin amfanin da zai yiwu ya nuna gaskiyar cewa nitrogen mai gina jiki mai sauƙi ne kuma sau da yawa al'adu yana tunaninta. Na gaba factor shi ne ikon gudanar da wani tasiri foliar ciyar, Wannan shi ne kawai taki wanda bazai haifar dashi ba.
Urea yana da matukar tasiri a duk kasa, ko da kuwa sun kasance acidic ko haske, wanda ba'a iya fadin ammonium nitrate. Urea yana nuna kyakkyawan inganci a kan kasa. Abin shakka babu shakka shine za'a iya amfani da urea a hanyoyi daban-daban: foliar da basal kuma a lokuta daban-daban.
Rashin rashin amfani da carbamide sun hada da gaskiyar cewa yana buƙatar karin lokaci don fara aikin. Wannan yana nufin cewa ba dace da saurin cirewar alamun nitrogen a cikin tsire-tsire ba.
Har ila yau, carbamide yana kula da yanayin ajiya (yana jin tsoron danshi). Duk da haka, idan aka kwatanta da matsaloli na ajiyar ammonium nitrate, urea yana kawo matsala.
Idan tsaba sun zo cikin haɗuwa da babban taro, akwai haɗarin ragewa a seedling germination. Amma duk ya dogara da tushen tsarin tsire-tsire. Tare da rhizome ci gaba, cutar ba ta da muhimmanci, kuma a gaban kawai tushen tushe, kamar na gwoza, injin ya mutu gaba daya. Urea ba ya aiki a kan daskararre, ƙasa mai sanyi, sabili da haka ba shi da tasiri ga farkon spring fertilizing.
Sabili da haka, bayan nazarin wadata da fursunoni, zabi abin da yafi kyau don ciyarwa a cikin bazara - ammonium nitrate ko urea, ya kamata a dogara ne akan burin. Dukkanin ya dangana ne game da abin da kake so a lokacin da ake shirin yin amfani da taki: don hanzarta ci gaba da tsire-tsire da katako ko don inganta yanayin da girman 'ya'yan itace. Don gaggawar tilasta plantings zuwa girma, ya fi kyau amfani da ammonium nitrate, kuma don inganta ingancin da girman 'ya'yan itace - urea.
