Ko da wanda bai taba zama fan na Faransa giya ya ji game da tsofaffin Faransa iri-iri Pinot da iri.
Shahararren da kuma dogon lokacin suna na wannan iri-iri sun sami lakabin nau'in innabi mafi kyau don bunkasa ruwan inabi.
Akwai abubuwa fiye da ɗari, wanda ya bambanta a bayyanar da berries, abubuwan da ke da tsabta da dandano. Babban iyali irin na iyali shine Pinot Noir.
Tarihin kiwo
Bisa ga sakamakon DNA, iyayen da ake zargin suna da nau'in inabi. Traminer da kuma mafi kyau iri-iri Pinot Meunier. Ya samo suna (Black Cone) saboda irin kamannin siffar gungu tare da igiya na Pine. Yawancin jinsuna suna da tushe a kan Pinot Noir.
Wannan shi ne mafi girma iri-iri da aka samar shekaru masu yawa kawai a Burgundy a arewacin Faransa. Yanzu yana da tartsatsi a ko'ina. Amma har ya zuwa yau ana amfani da ruwan inabi mafi kyau kuma mafi tsada daga kayanta kawai.
Daga cikin nauyin Faransanci muna da Malbec, Chardonnay da Merlot.
Wane irin ne?
An yi amfani dashi musamman don samar da giya, don haka yana da nau'ikan fasaha. Frost juriya ne sosai high, inabi tare da nasara Yi haƙuri yanayin zafi har zuwa -30 ° C.
Richelieu, Rusven da Rkatsiteli, Black Panther suna da nauyin sanyi.
Matasa a Pinot Noir shine matsakaici, daga 145 zuwa 150 days. Cikakken cikakke na berries ya zo a cikin marigayi Satumba.
Pinot Noir Inabi: fasali iri-iri
Wannan iri-iri ne sauƙin ganewa ta bayyanar da berries da ganye. Rubutun da aka siffata, tare da halayyar halayyar a kan tarnaƙi, mai haske mai haske tare da tarin gira a kan magunguna. A gefen ganye yana da laushi mai laushi. A berries suna da duhu blue, tare da bluish Bloom, kusan baki.
Daga cikin nau'in baƙar fata an san Moldova, Finger Black and Bull's Eye.
Ƙididdigar aji ba su bambanta a cikin babban girma ba. Tsawon buroshi ya bambanta daga 7 zuwa 12 cm, nisa bai fi 8 cm ba. Rumbun da kansu suna da tsada sosai, berries suna da karfi da juna. Nauyin nau'i ɗaya ya kai umurni. 120 grams. A tsefe a hannun yana da karfi, woody. About 4 cm tsawo
Tsakanin matsakaitan berries suna da kashi 13 g, 14-16 mm a diamita. Harshen berries yana da kyau, ƙasa da sau da yawa, ba kusan maras kyau ba. Gishiri a cikin 'ya'yan itace ba shi da launi mai laushi, jikin naman yana da taushi, mai kyau, mai dadi ga dandano, yana da tsaba biyu ko uku.
Da iri-iri ba karfi sosai ba, itacen inabi yana cikakke ta lokaci Berry ripeness by 90%.
Hotuna
Kuna iya ganin inabi a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa:
Halaye
Lokaci na girma kakar iri-iri ne kimanin kwanaki 145-150. Rashin yawan amfanin ƙasa ya ragu, a matsakaici kawai 60 c / ha, amma iyakar an saita shi a 103 kg / ha. Ganye mai ban sha'awa ba duka ba ne, game da 60-90% da daji.
Ƙididdiga suna da mahimmanci da karfi mai karfi kuma sun rasa nauyi a yanayin yanayi mara kyau. Da nau'i-nau'i a matsayin cikakke yana da matukar damuwa da burin zuciya. A wannan yanayin, yankuna masu laushi na Burgundy, New Zealand da Northern California. Yana da akwai cewa mafi yawan amfanin ƙasa da kuma sauƙi na noma ana kiyaye su.
Har ila yau, manyan magunguna sune Syrah, Rizamat da Shahin na Iran.
Dabbobi iri iri iri daban-daban na dandano suna sa shi na musamman. Raspberries, plums, strawberries, hayaki, blueberries, Ginger, kofi - ba cikakken jerin wadanda bayanin kula da za a iya kama a dandano.
BABI NA: Daga wurin namo ya dogara da yawa. A wani yanki, kayan aiki zai zama kyakkyawan giya na ruwan inabi, a ɗayan babban tushe ga shampen.
Sugar abun ciki na berries ne 24-25%a acidity of 9%. Na musamman muhimmancin shi ne yawan zafin jiki na namo. Kyakkyawan zazzabi yana ba da yawan tannins a cikin tsarin Berry, kuma tare da dandano mai dadi yana da cikakkun bayanai.
Har ila yau, babban abun ciki na sukari zai iya alfahari Aladdin, Delight White da Sarki Ruby.
Cikin yanayin yanayin hardiness, yawancin ya dace da yanayin zafi. A wannan yanayin, zai yi ripen gaba ɗaya a wa annan yankuna inda ya isa ga lokutan dumi don farawa.
Yara da mafi girman inganci an samo shi a kan gangarawa mai zurfi tare da tsarin busasshen ƙasa mai sauƙi da dan kadan. Ƙananan sauƙi da kuma bayyane ga wasu iri iri ne.
Yawan bayyanar buds a cikin bazara yakan haifar da mutuwar idanu. A wannan yanayin, harbe sukan fara girma daga karin buds kuma girbi ya zo da asali ta farkon shekarar. Furen ita ce namiji da mace.
Kulawa da saukowa
Yawan aiki don wannan iri-iri yana da nisa daga wuri na farko. Babban mahimmanci shine ingancin ƙwayar girma. Sabili da haka, ba za a rage guraben kofuna biyu ko hudu akan itacen inabi ba, sauran kuma an yanke su a ƙasa. Trowel ya yi tsawo fiye da mita 1.5.
Tun da tsire-tsire ba su da karfi, sun dasa su, suna barin nesa kimanin 80 cm tsakanin su, kuma basu da mita 1 a cikin hanya. A dangane da wannan a kan daya hectare daidai 11 dubu bushes. Ga Faransanci, ingancin ruwan inabi da aka tsara ya zo da farko, kuma 80% na ƙungiyoyi suna cire kawai.
Gaba ɗaya, idan ba ku fitar da inabi ba, za ku iya ba da girbi. Amma wannan zai shafi rinjayen giya mai zuwa.
Muhimmiyar: Domin ripening wannan iri-iri na bukatar sanyi yanayi, saboda haka yana yiwuwa a yi girma ko da a Moscow.
Kariya akan cututtuka da kwari
Tsayayya ga irin wannan cututtukakamar oidium da mildew da kuma rot Pino yana da tsayi. Har ila yau, bai ji tsoron irin wannan mummunar ba, kamar asu ne.
Amma iri-iri ne musamman m zuwa phylloxera. Tsire-tsire da tushensu suna da tasiri kuma suna mutuwa daga lalacewa har tsawon shekaru 6. Don hana wannan daga faruwa, an dasa shi a kan tsire-tsire masu tsayayya ga wannan kwaro.
Don kauce wa chlorosis, wanda yake da hali, yana da muhimmanci a gudanar da aiki a kan ɓangarorin kore na daji, rage su ko cire su gaba daya, musamman ma a yanayin saurin yanayi.
Iri
Pinot fran
Inabi innabi tare da ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa. Har ila yau aka sani da Cap, Pinot Negro, blackot pinot. An samo wannan nau'in a lokacin zabin mai son Pinot Noir. Manufar ci gaban shine don samun nau'o'i da yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Fran ya bambanta daga asali a cikin kaka rawaya-koren launi na ganye, yayin da ganye na manyan iri-iri saya launin ja ja a lokacin kaka.
An kuma bambanta shi ta hanyar yawan amfanin ƙasa, wanda ya fi girma fiye da nau'in iyaye, game da 200 kg / ha a cikin yanayin hawan sanyi.
Lokacin ragewa ya rage ta kwanaki 10-15.
Shafin Farko na Hotuna: "
Pinot Gris
Shin ra'ayi ne na mutunci na Pinot Noir. Pinot Gris ne sunan da aka rage daga Pinot grigio. Ya fara fitowa a Australiya ta hanyar wakilan mutane, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa sunansa "Gray Monk" ya faru.
Ya bambanta da Pinot Noir a launin ja-launi na berries tare da launin toka mai launin toka, da kuma launin launi na kaka. Wine da aka samu daga gare ta ya bambanta da iyalin giya a cikin duhu. Sauran halaye masu kama da iyaye ne.
Hotuna "Pinot Gris":
Pinot blanc
An san shi Pinot farin, Steen, Weisburgunder, Pinot de la loire.
Dabbobi da yawa suna da Pinot Gris, domin yana da tsayi mai tsawo. Hanyoyi masu rarraba na sa shine saukar da abun ciki na acid da ƙananan kayan haɓaka. A berries ne kodadde kore, da bushes ne matsakaici lokacin farin ciki.
Wine da aka samo shi baya buƙatar tsawon tsufa kuma ana amfani dasu. Da iri-iri shine mafi shahara a Jamus don yin ruwan inabi.
Hoton "Pinot Blanc":
Pinot Meunier
Shin siffar cloned Pinot Sepage. Wannan iri-iri yana da ƙananan baƙar fata da launin shudi da kananan ƙwayoyi. Tare da Noir yana daya daga cikin nau'o'in da aka halatta don samar da katako.
Amma idan aka kwatanta da wasu nau'o'in, wannan tsari yana dauke "dangin zumunta". Ana amfani da ruwan inabin da ake amfani da shi daga ƙananan matasan, kamar yadda dadewar ajiyar ajiya ya rasa dandano.
Hoton "Pinot Meunier":
Dukan 'yan iyalin suna noma a cikin gonakin inabi mafi kyau na Faransa. Jamus, Austria, New Zealand, California, Rasha da kuma China.
Wannan shahararren shine saboda irin tabbatattun nau'o'in iri, mafi kyawun nau'in samar da farin, jan giya da ruwan sha.
