Magungunan ƙwararrun kwayoyi (Begonia tuberhybrida) suna da alamun furanni masu yawa, manyan furanni guda biyu ana kwatanta su da peonies. Sunan wannan jinsin ya zama wajibi ne ga tushen sa.
Kula da tubegon begonia a gida
Begonia - mai sauƙi mai ban sha'awa a cikin kulawa, kuma hakika za ku ci gaba da shuka kyakkyawan shuka shuka idan kun bi dokoki masu yawa na namo.
Wani lokaci na shekara shine mafi kyau shuka shuka?
Kamar sauran shuke-shuke na ciki (kuma ba kawai) ba, begonia yana cikin lokacin hutu a cikin kaka da hunturu. A cikin idon ruwa sai ya fara girma, ya fara girma cikin sauri kuma ya ba da sababbin ganye, kuma a lokacin rani yana blooming tare da dama na furanni masu kyau. Lokacin da dasa shuki, wajibi ne a la'akari da yanayin wannan shuka, sabili da haka shuka wani begonia tuberous Zai fi kyau farawa a farkon Maris don haka zai fara aiki da sauri.
Me ake bukata ƙasa?
Game da abun da ke cikin ƙasa Begonia ba dangi ne ba, za ta ji daɗi a cikin ƙasa na duniya, sayar da shi a duk shagunan kantin. Idan har yanzu kuna so ku shirya haɗin ƙasa ku, ku haɗa nau'i hudu na ƙasa mai laushi, wani ɓangare na turfy ƙasa da sashi na yashi. Wannan cakuda yana da nau'in haɗarin acid, wanda shine kyakkyawan manufa don butgonias tuberous.
Wace tukunya ne mafi kyawun zabi?
Abubuwan da ke cikin tukunya basu da mahimmanci: tun da tushen irin wannan begonia suna da siffar tubers, basu da asalinsu da lint wanda zai iya jingina ga tukunya da tsoma baki tare da transplanting. Kowane tukunya zaiyi. - yumbu, filastik, ko da katako. Ko da yake mafi yawancin lokuta ana shuka su a cikin tukunyar filastik. Amma girman da tukunya ya fi muhimmanci - kada ya kasance mai zurfi. Ya kamata tuber ya shiga cikin tukunya don a iya ganin ta na uku a sama, kuma a bar sakonni uku zuwa hudu ya bar tuber zuwa gefen tukunya.
Yawan na tukunya ya zama irin wannan daga tuber zuwa tukunya a tarnaƙi ya kasance kusan hudu inimita.
Yaya za a ruwa?
Daidaita watering - Wani muhimmin bangare na kulawa da begonia tuberous.
Begonia a cikin wani hali ba za a iya shayar da ruwan sanyi ba, kazalika da fesa tare da fure.
Shawarar yanayin watering - sau biyu ko sau uku a mako, ko'ina rarraba ruwan cikin tukunya. A lokacin flowering flowering begonia za a iya shayar more sau da yawa. Yana da mahimmanci don hana damuwa da ruwa, yawancin ruwa zai haifar da ci gaban fungi.
Mene ne yanayin haske mafi kyau?
Begonias - shuke-shuke mai haske, don haɗuwa da juna ya zama dole a shirya su a wuri mai haske, amma ba a cikin hasken rana ba. Begonias yana jin dadi a kan kudu maso gabas da kudu maso gabas.
Hasken rana kai tsaye Bar zai iya haifar da konewa.
Idan rana ta yi aiki sosai, za ka iya inuwa windows ta hanyar tara tulle ko gauze zuwa gare su. Ya fi girma da furanni na begonia, mafi muni ya jure wa hasken rana.
Ta yaya kuma yaushe za a datsa?
Pruning begonias ciyar farkon lokacin hutulokacin da tsirewar ya ɓace kuma ya fara zubar da ganye (a cikin yanayin ɗakunan, lokaci mafi dacewa shine farkon Oktoba). Rashin kashe harbe na begonias an yanke shi a daya ko biyu santimita daga tuber, sa'an nan an sanya shuka a wuri mai sanyi a gida don kaka da hunturu.
Wane irin mulki ne ake bukata?
A lokacin girma, wato, a lokacin bazara da lokacin rani, yawan zafin jiki a cikin dakin bai kamata fada ba a kasa digiri 12 ko da yake begonias fama da mummunar zafi. Yanayin zazzabi shine game da digiri 22. A lokacin sauran lokuta, bayan da shuka ya ɓace, kuma ka yanke busassun bushe, an kwashe tukunya zuwa ginshiki ko ɗakin ajiya.
Ta yaya tuberous begonia haifa?
Akwai hanyoyi guda uku na kiwo begonias - tsaba, rarraba tuber da grafting.
Girman tuberous begonia daga iri
Yana da kyau wanda ya ba ka damar adana halaye iri-iri na fure, amma yana da matukar amfani da lokaci. Ana sayar da tsaba a kan dutsen ƙasa ba tare da binne ba, kuma an rufe tukunyar da filastik. A sa a cikin wani wuri mai dumi da aka yada yau da kullum. Kowace rana, an buɗe tukunya don sa'a daya don kwantar da tsaba kuma ya hana su daga juyawa daga damp.
A cikin kimanin makonni biyu, tsaba za su tsiro. Lokacin da sprouts saya biyu ko uku ganye, a hankali zauna su a cikin kananan kofuna.
Tuber rarraba
Mafi sau da yawa ana aikatawa a cikin tsohon tubers, domin a tsawon lokaci tsire-tsire zasu yi girma sosai. Ana rarraba rabuwa a farkon lokacin bazara, lokacin da sababbin furanni suka bayyana akan tubers. Har sai sun kai kimanin centimetari a tsawon, zaka iya yanke tuber ba tare da lalacewa ba. Ana biyan sassan layi domin kada suyi rauni, tare da shiri na musamman ko foda na gawayi. Bayan haka, tubers suna zaune a cikin tukunya daban-daban kuma an kula da su a matsayin tsire-tsire masu girma.
Reproduction na begonia na tuberous cuttings
Wata hanya mai sauƙi da sauri don yada begonia. Yanke fashi game da 10 centimeters tsawo tare da daban-daban sheets.yayyafa yanke tare da murmushi (don hana juyawa) da kuma dasa shi a cikin ƙasa mai dumi a wuri mai haske.
Dole ne a rufe cuttings da gilashi gilashi da iska a kowace rana don sa'a daya don wuce haddi mai laushi. Bayan makonni uku, ana kwantar da tsirrai a cikin tukunya.
Har yaushe tsawon fure yake zama?
Yawancin lokaci, rayuwar mai begonia mai tsauri ne daga shekaru biyu zuwa uku, amma wasu iri zasu iya rayuwa tsawon shekaru biyar tare da kula da su. Magungunan tuberous, sayar a cikin shaguna don lambusu ne tsire-tsire. Don "sake mayar da" begonia tuber, raba shi cikin dama bisa ga hanyar da aka tsara a sama.
Yaya kuma lokacin da za a ciyar da injin?
A cikin bazara, lokacin da begonia ya shiga kakar girma kuma ya kirkira sababbin ganye, an shayar da shi da taki, dauke da nitrogen, sau biyu tare da tazarar makonni biyu. Don ciyar da tsire-tsire, a cikin rani kowane mako biyu an ciyar da shi da takin mai magani da ke dauke da potassium.
Chlorine yana da illa ga begonias, saboda haka ku yi hankali lokacin zabar taki, kuma kada ku manta ya kare ruwa don ban ruwa.
Idan ba a san ku sosai ba a cikin takin mai magani da kuma abubuwan da suka samo asali, yin amfani da taki na musamman don begonias a cikin bazara da lokacin rani - don haka ba shakka za ku cutar da furen da kuke so.
Yaya za a kula da begonia tuberous a cikin fall?
Begonia Autumn akwai lokacin zaman lafiya wanda yana har sai bazara. A wannan lokaci, kana buƙatar yanke ganye da ƙura, da rage watering, ana tsabtace shuka a wuri mai sanyi (tare da zafin jiki na kimanin digiri 10) kuma a wasu lokuta a hankali a yi wanka a ƙasa.
Yaya tsawon lokacin flowering? Daga duk begonias, tuberous shine mafi kayan ado, furanni, dangane da iri-iri, na iya zama mai sauƙi ko sau biyu, masu launin shuɗi, masu launin masu launin launuka biyu ko ƙananan iyaka, ƙanana ko babba (har zuwa 15 inimita a diamita). Tuberous begonia yana jin daɗi da yawan furanni a gonar - a cikin lokacin rani, da kuma yanayin yanayi - daga Yuni zuwa Oktoba. Best begonias Bloom a kan shaded baranda.
Kulawa da kuma dasa shuki na begonia mai tsauri a yanayin lambu
Tsarin begonia na tuberous shine, na farko, gonar lambu. Idan kun shirya shuka shi a kan shirin ku, ku kula da wasu sharuɗɗan kulawa.
Ground
Kamar yadda yake game da namo cikin gida, a cikin lambun begonia baya buƙatar wani abu na musamman na kasar gona. Yanayin kawai - ƙasar ya kamata a kwance.
Zabi wani wuri mai saukowa
Ba za ku iya dasa begonias ba a cikin hasken rana, hasken haske ya ba da shawarar. Fure-fure suna jin dadi a gabashin da yammacin ɓangaren, daga hasken rana kai tsaye. A wata na fari bayan watsar da begonias ana bada shawarar su inuwa, don kare su daga hasken rana tare da wani fim na greenhouse.
Yaya za a shuka wannan flower a gonar?
Begonia za a iya dasa a cikin ƙasa kawai idan yanayin ya dumi - mafi kyau duka a watan Mayu. Har sai wannan bazara, an ajiye begonias a cikin tukwane a gida ko a cikin wani gine-gine. A gonar tsire-tsire suna da kyau, dasa a nesa na 15-20 centimeters daga juna. A cikin fall, lokacin da begonias ya ƙare kuma ya fara rasa ganye, an yanke su, sunyi kuma sun girbe a wuri mai sanyi.
Cututtuka da kwari
Begonia yana jin tsoro akan kan-rigar, sabili da haka dampness zai iya haifar zuwa lalacewa daga asalinsu. Bugu da ƙari, daban-daban fungi zai iya bayyana a cikin ƙasa sosai. Mafi naman gwari, launin toka mai laushi, yana shafar ganye, wani sashi mai launin toka yana iya gano shi a gefen babba na ganye, kuma ana shafan buds (alamar mucous ya bayyana akan su). Za ka iya rabu da mu launin toka, bayan sunadar da shuka tare da sabulu raster da jan karfe sulfate (20 grams na sabulu da 2 grams na vitriol an narkar da su cikin lita na ruwa). Cikakke mai yalwa zai iya fitowa daga damp - launin toka mai haske a kan ganye. Don magance shi yana da sauƙi - kawai shafe ganye tare da sabulu da ruwa. Har ila yau, begonia na iya buga aphid - ƙananan kwari, tsotsa ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga ganye. Ana iya cire aphids tare da ruwa mai tsabta; Magunguna na musamman ma sun taimaka sosai.
Rot nuna kansa a cikin blackening na mai tushe, shi yada sosai da sauri. Yana da muhimmanci a cire sauri mai tushe don hana mutuwa ta shuka, da kuma aiwatar da furen tare da fungicide. Blackening na mai tushe da ganye zai iya haifar da sinadarin kwayar cuta, yana farawa tare da bayyanar ƙananan spots a cikin ciki. Ba shi da amfani don yaki da shi, kana buƙatar jefa gonar da aka shafa kuma sanye ƙasa. Don hana sinadari na kwayan cuta, ana amfani da begonias tare da jan karfe oxychloride bayani.
Muna fatan cewa waɗannan shawarwari zasu taimake ka ka inganta kyakkyawan tuberous begonia, wanda a cikin shekaru zai yarda da kyawawan furanni a gonar ko a gida.
Hotuna
Bayan haka zaka iya ganin hotuna na dasa shuki da kulawa a gida na Tuberous Begonia:
