Shrews - daya daga kananan dabbobi a duniya. Duk da girmansu, yawancin mutane sukan kira su "kananan aljanu" saboda dabi'arsu da haɓaka. Idan ya cancanta, wadannan ƙananan suna iya samun ko da tare da babban kwaro da har ma da mice.
Wace ƙungiya ita ce kwarewa?
Wannan dabba yana cikin iyalin dabbobi masu shayarwa. Na dogon lokaci, masana kimiyya sun danganta su ga tsari insectivorous.
Yadda za a gane?
Masu shayarwa sukan damu da kyan gani, amma idan kayi la'akari, zaku iya samun bambance-bambance tsakanin su.
- Shrew ya bambanta elongated muzzle kamar proboscis.
- Gidan yana da babban tare da sashin layi. Idanu suna kananan, zagaye, baki. Ƙunƙun daji da ƙananan haɓaka.
- Idan aka kwatanta da mice filin, dabba yana da karin karami. Taran gajere. Tsayin jiki bai wuce 3-4 cm ba, nauyi - kimanin 2 grams. Sai kawai mutum mafi girma (mai tsabta) zai iya zuwa 18 cm kuma yayi nauyin 200 grams.
- Wuri ne mai laushi, lokacin farin ciki, takaice, velvety. Launi ta bambanta daga launin toka (fawn) zuwa launin ruwan kasa. Tummy ne sau da yawa sauƙi ko haske fiye da launi na ainihi.
- Matsakaici ko dogon wutsiya, ya wuce tsawon jikin.
Dabbobi
Masu bincike sun nuna cewa a yanayin akwai kimanin nau'i 260 na shrews. An samo su a wurare daban-daban, suna daidaita da yanayin yanayi na yankuna. Ba a samo shi kawai a kan nahiyar Australiya da Arewacin Pole ba. A Rasha, an rubuta nau'in ashirin da daya. Ka yi la'akari da wasu daga cikinsu:
- Dwarf shrew - ƙananan dabba na launin launin toka-launin ruwan kasa ko launin fure tare da magoyacin elongated. A kan ƙananan firaye masu mahimmanci suna karewa. Girman ɗan maraƙin ba ya wuce 3.5-4.5 cm. Abun hakora suna da kaifi, gabanin gaba suna da manyan, tare da launi mai launin fari-fari. A cikin mutanen jinsunan sun yi watsi da Etruscan ne da jariri da yawa. Yana zaune a yankunan dutse na Turai.
- Kwanci na kwarewa (gandun daji) shi ne nau'i na yau da kullum na iyalinsa. An samo shi a arewacin Turai nahiyar. Komawa a cikin ciyawa da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, gandun dajin daji. Amma, yana iya rayuwa a kan makircin mutum, ya rushe gonar noma. Girman ƙananan ƙananan size shine 5-7 cm, da wutsiya tana da tsayi mai tsawo 6-8 cm. Gashi yana da launin ruwan duhu, ciki yana haske. An ƙaddamar da ƙararrawa a gaba.
- Ƙananan shrew (Chersky shrew) shi ne mafi kankanin wakilin mambobin da aka samu a Rasha da kuma karamin kwari. Wakili na Transpalaearctic. Habitat ya tashi daga yankin Scandinavian zuwa tsibirin Japan da Sakhalin. An samo shi a Primorsky Krai, yankin Oryol, a kan iyakoki tare da gandun daji, a Kazakhstan.
- House Shrew (dogon lokacin da ake yi wa fararen fata) shi ne babban dabba wanda ya kai 6-7 cm cikin tsawon. Color launin ruwan kasa launin toka. Raba a Jamus, Afrika. A kasarmu an samo shi a Siberia da kuma yankunan arewacin Rasha. Sau da yawa sukan zauna a barns, masauki, barns da gidaje, suna haddasa lalacewar gonar noma.
Wasu nau'in
- Baby yi tsai (baby shrew) shi ne mafi ƙanƙan dabba a Arewacin Amirka. An rarraba a Kanada da Amurka. Kundin kaya a cikin gandun daji, da gandun daji da kuma wuraren budewa. Tsawon jikin tare da wutsiya shine 5 cm. Launi mai laushi shine launin toka-launin ruwan kasa.
- Elephant Shrew (jumper) - ƙananan dabbobi na Afirka. Differs a cikin hind hind kafafu, mai haske launin ruwan kasa-ja gashi launi. Saboda siffofin ilimin lissafin jiki, zai iya ci gaba da hanzarin sauri kuma ya yi tsalle akan matsaloli kan mita 1. Masu bincike na zamani suna siffanta wannan dabba mai ban mamaki ga umarnin Afrotheria. A cikin wallafe-wallafen an yi amfani da ita azaman kwari, har ma da lagatory. Biyan kuɗi yana da mutane 16 da ke zaune a nahiyar Afrika.
- Water Shrew (talakawa kutora) - babban wakili, yana kai tsawon 11-12 cm, yana kimanin 10-20 grams. Rashin gashi yana da duhu, velvety baƙar fata, yana da karfin yin watsi da ruwa. A muzzle ne elongated. Paws tare da tsananin damuwa da yawa da ke ƙara yawan tudun gyare-gyare da kuma taimakawa tare da yin iyo. Ana samo ruwa a Norway, Faransa, Sakhalin, Yankin Scandinavian, da kuma Asiya, yana yada daga arewacin Mongoliya zuwa kasar Sin. Za a iya faruwa a Kazakhstan.
- Giant shude (gidan polyzoon) - dabba, da ke zaune a yankunan Afirka, Asiya, da Near da Far East. Ya sami kimarsa ga Chuchundra - hali na labarin shahararren R. Kipling Riki-Tikki-Tavi. Babban wakilin, kai tsawon 11-12 cm. Fur launi ne mai duhu launin toka. Sau da yawa sukan zauna a tsakanin mutane, suna haddasa lalacewar aikin noma.
A cikin noma
Ɗaya daga cikin siffofi masu ban sha'awa na shrews shine ƙananan ƙwayar rayuwa. Dabbobin suna iya farauta da ci kusan kusan! Kwafin yau da kullum ya wuce adadin dabba ta hanyar sau 6-7. Babban abinci na shrews shi ne kwari, don haka har ma har ma sun amfana da lambu. A cikin gidajen Aljannah da cikin gidajen Aljannah, suna cin ganyayyaki na Mayu masu cizon kwari, caterpillars, govils da sauran kwari.
Amma rashin ciwo kwari ba kawai abinci bane. Tare da dogon hanci da su iya tono a ƙasa, gnaw up dankali, beets da sauran kayan lambu, kazalika da lalata kwayoyin 'ya'yan itace, tumatur da barkono.
Bugu da kari, shrew yana da babban fecundity. A wani lokaci, mata zasu kawo wa yara 10-14. Saboda haka, idan masu lura suna lura da lalacewa daga shinge a cikin shirin su, dole ne a dauki matakan da suka dace!
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa
Masana kimiyya wanda aka danganci fasali fasalikwatanta da dolphins da berayen. Duk godiya ga siffar jikin mutum na kwanyar. Rahoton kwakwalwarsu yana fadada, kuma kwakwalwa shine 1/10 na nauyin jiki, wanda ya wuce bayanan ga mutane da tsuntsaye.
A cikin nesa, mutane sun danganci kayan warkaswa ga dabbobi. An yi imani cewa maganin shafawaYa sanya daga wutsiyar wutsiya na shrew zai iya zama abin ban mamaki magani don ciwo na kare kare. Har yanzu ya zama asirin asalinsa, ana jayayya da jayayya game da haɗin gwiwa da kuma sanyawa a tsarin tsarin ilimin halitta, da kuma game da amfanin da hargitsi na aikin noma. Zai yiwu cewa nan da nan za mu koyi game da sabon binciken da kuma irin waɗannan abubuwa masu rai.
