Note lambu: yadda za a yi girma da karfi tumatir seedlings? Terms, asirin da dabaru

Irin wannan ƙaunatacciyar ƙarancin tumatir, ta halitta, kowace gonar ke tsiro a kan mahimmiyar mahimmanci a kansa.

Zai fi jin dadi sosai don girke tumatir mai dadi mai kyau don salatin, wanda ya girma tare da hannunka, fiye da yin amfani da sayan.

Amma don samun girbi mai kyau kuma don kaucewa matsaloli masu yawa yayin da kake girma da wannan amfanin, kana buƙatar fara samar da kanka da kyakkyawar ingancin shuka. Wannan shi ne abin da za'a tattauna a gaba.

Amfanin lafiyar lafiya

Me ya sa, wa waye, kuma menene za a buƙaci tumatir tumatir? A waje, yana kama da wannan:

• Launi na ganye da kuma tushe mai zurfi ne.
• Ganye duk na roba.
• An dasa shukar da ganye suna da rani, santsi, ba tare da bends.

Saplings suna shirye don dasa shuki a ƙasa a gabanin alamomi masu zuwa:

• A kauri daga tushe kai 1 cm.
• Shuka tsawo shine kimanin 25 - 30 cm.
• A kan sapling 8 - 10 ganye suna samuwa.

Abubuwan da ake amfani da karfi masu karfi sune bayyane:

• Ya tabbatar da yawan amfanin ƙasa mai kyau.
• Kyakkyawar tsirrai mai laushi yana da tushe da fara farawa.
• Tsire-tsire kusan bazai yi rashin lafiya ba.

Kwayoyin karfi, ba shakka, wajibi ne ga masu lambu, musamman ma wadanda suka bayyana a gidajen su a lokacin bazara a karshen karshen mako, wani lokacin ma sau da yawa sau da yawa.

Har ila yau, yana da wajibi ga masu mallakar gonaki da suke shiga gonar tumatir a kan sikelin masana'antu. Hakika, godiya ga masu karfi mai karfi kullum suna samun babban sakamako.

Waɗanne irin tumatir ne suka dace?

Mafi dacewa da shahararrun iri don girma karfi seedlings suna kamar haka:

"Budenovka"

Yana bunƙasa duka a cikin yanayi na greenhouse da a fili, yawan amfanin daji ya kai kilo 7.

"Farin cika"

'Ya'yan itace mai yalwa ne mai yalwa da ɓangaren litattafan almara.

"Ƙasar Arewa"

'Ya'yan itãcen marmari a duniya, mai haske ja. Dabbobi suna da matukar tsayayya ga cututtuka daban-daban kuma sauƙin daidaitawa zuwa yanayi mara kyau.

"Demidov"

Salad iri-iri, shrub low, matsakaici-sized 'ya'yan itace, kimanin kimanin 200 g

Tsarin shirye

Tsaba game da wata daya kafin shuka ya kamata a shirya shi a hankali, wato, don gudanar da dukan ayyukan daban-daban:

• Calibration - duk wanda aka lalata, ƙananan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, ya kamata a bar shi kawai babba, akalla 2 - 2.5 mm a diamita. Germination na irin waɗannan tsaba zai zama kyakkyawan.
• Warming sama - dried tsaba (zaba) ya kamata a kiyaye shi a digiri 30 don kwana 2, sa'an nan kuma a digiri na 50 don kwana 3 kuma a karshe yana mai tsanani a kimanin digiri 70 don kwanaki 4. Akwai wani zaɓi na zafin jiki: kunsa tsaba a cikin rag kuma sanya su a kan radiator game da watanni 2 kafin shuka.
• Dandalin kamuwa da cuta - jaka na tsaba dole ne a kiyaye shi a cikin wani bayani na 1% na potassium permanganate na kimanin minti 20 (ruwan zafin jiki zai kasance game da digiri 40). Bayan haka, an sanya tsaba a ƙarƙashin ruwa mai sanyi da kuma tsabtace shi (a lokaci guda hardening ya auku).
• Tsomawa ta microelements (preseeding) - ya zama dole a shirya mafita hudu (adadin da aka nuna shine lita 3 na ruwa): acid succinic (0.1 g), acid boric (2 g), magnesium sulfate (3 g), jan karfe sulfate (1 g). Dole a saukar da tsaba a minti 15 a cikin kowace mafita, bayan hanya na ƙarshe, kurkura da ruwa mai tsabta. Maimakon wadannan mafita, zaka iya amfani da bayani na ash don irin wannan magani: 2 tablespoons da lita 1 na ruwa.
• Jiƙa - godiya gareshi, tsaba sukan fara girma sosai (idan aka kwatanta da bushe). Ruwan da aka yi amfani dasu don mafi kyau ya narke, mai tsanani zuwa digiri 20), zai kaddamar da dukkanin matakan rayuwa. Isa don wannan hanya kwana biyu (a dakin da zafin jiki).

  Bayan sun sa tsaba sunyi bushe kuma ana iya shuka su.

• Hardening - godiya ga wannan magudi, zai fara makonni biyu a baya. Akwai wasu zaɓuɓɓuka, masu shahararrun sune: saka kumbura sunyi tsaba cikin firiji (a kan filaye) don kwana 2 zuwa 3 ko rufe su a cikin dusar ƙanƙara (a cikin zafin jiki na kimanin digiri biyar a kasa da siffar).
• Bubbling - godiya ga wannan hanya, tsaba suna cike da oxygen. Yana da sauqi qwarai don sanya shi - sanya tsaba a cikin kwalba na ruwa (zazzabi yana kusa da digiri 20 - 22) da kuma rage kwamfutar damfikan kifi a can. Ya kamata a kunna don kimanin sa'o'i 12.

Yanayin yanayi

Yana da mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar yanayi mai dadi don samun karfi mai karfi:

• Da zarar na farko harbe ya bayyana, nan da nan kana bukatar ka tsara mai kyau lighting, don kauce wa tasowa da seedlings. Yafi amfani don yin hasken baya tare da tsauraran.
• Tsarin yanayi na yanayin zafi - alamun lokaci na rana ya kamata a cikin digiri 10 - 15, da kuma rana - ba sama da digiri 20 ba. Lokacin da rubutun farko na ainihi suka fara bayyana, zazzabi zafin rana zai kai zuwa digiri 22.
• Tabbatar da aiwatar da ƙwaƙwalwar tsire-tsire (a wani titi na titi ba kasa da digiri takwas). Saboda wannan, ramin yana karaka kuma ya yi duhu (ya zama duhu).

Shirya shiri

A ƙasa don seedlings ya kamata sako-sako da, haske, breathable. kuma yana dauke da adadin abubuwan gina jiki. Zai fi dacewa a shirya irin wannan abun da ke ciki shine:

• Takarda da ƙasa na sod.
• Peat.
• Sand
• Humus.
• Pereprevshie sawdust.
• Yana da amfani don ƙara biohumus daga gandun daji.

Hankali! Kafin shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa, yana da amfani wajen moisten shi tare da Bugu da kari na EM-shiri Baikal.

Yadda za a yi watering?

Dole ne a yi watering, bin wasu dokoki:

1. Freshly sprout sprouts ya kamata a irrigated sosai a hankali, zai fi dacewa tare da kwalba fesa.
2. Ba za ku iya overmoisten da seedlings (in ba haka ba zai bude ko zama rashin lafiya).
3. Ya kamata a yi watering da safe.
4. Ruwa don ban ruwa amfani dumi (kimanin digiri 30). Kada a shayar da shi da ruwan sanyi ba a cikin wani hali ba.

Top dressing

Kyakkyawan taki ga seedlings zai zama jiko na 0.5 kilogiram na naman alade (ko kaza taki) da kuma gel na 100 g da guga na ruwa. Wannan jiko ya kamata a shirya shi daidai kamar haka: an shayar da taki (ko kwanciya) tare da ruwa na rana, to, ku haɗa kome da kyau kuma ku kara ash. Lokacin da kake ciyarwa kana buƙatar ka juye lita 0.5 na jiko na lita 2 na ruwa da ruwa da tsire-tsire. Bayan kwana 10, sake maimaita hanya.

Hakanan zaka iya amfani da wannan bayani don ciyarwa na farko:

• 20 g na potassium sulfate.
• 30 g na superphosphate.
• 10 g na ammonium nitrate.
• 10 lita na ruwa (dumi).

Don na biyu ciyar ku buƙatar ɗaukar:

• Superphosphate (40 g).
• Potassium sulphate (25 g).
• Lita 10 na ruwa.

Asirin da kuma Tricks

A cikin aiwatar da girma seedlings tumatir, daban-daban asirin da dabaru hankali tara don yin shi lafiya da karfi. Alal misali, irin wannan:

1. Lokacin da tsire-tsire ta tsiro biyar ganye, dole ne a cire ƙananan biyu - don godiya ga wannan matsala mai rikitarwa, jawo ba zai faru ba.
2. Safiyar miya ta sama kawai ta kasance a cikin ruwa.
3. Tabbatar samar da babban adadin haske.
4. Idan a farkon watan Afrilu ba a kiyaye fure-fure ba, to lallai ya zama dole a yanke ta a kan takardun gaskiya na biyu, to, an kafa magungunan karfi guda biyu a nan.
5. Tabbatar kiyaye ka'idodin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, zaka iya yin sauƙin sauƙi: daga lokacin ƙayyadadden lokacin ƙayyadadden ƙwayar ƙidaya 45 - 60 days kuma fara shuka.

Ina bukatan karba?

Mutane da yawa suna yin hankali game da ɗauka, saboda wannan hanya yana ɓarna tushen tsarin shuka kuma yana daukan lokaci da ƙoƙarin sakewa. Suna fara 'ya'ya' yan makonni 1.5 bayan haka.

Saboda haka Mafi kyawun zaɓi zai shuka tsaba a cikin kofuna dabam (ƙarar about 1 lita), godiya ga wannan, a lokacin da sabbin bishiyoyi zuwa wuri na dindindin, zai fara farawa gaba ɗaya, kuma kada ya rage makamashi akan sabuntawa. Duk da haka, wasu cike da tsire-tsire (tare da clod na ƙasa) kuma duk abin da aka saba.

A sakamakon haka, zamu iya cewa akwai yiwuwar girma da tumatir tumatir a kanmu, yana da wajibi ne don yin kokari don wannan. Kulawa, kulawa da kulawa mai ban mamaki zai yarda da sakamakon da ake bukata. Kuma a gaban ciyawa mai karfi da girbi mai kyau za a bayar.