Menene wadata da kwarewa na dasa shuki a cikin kwayoyin daga ƙarƙashin qwai, yadda za a gudanar da shi kuma kula da amfanin gona?

Gwangwani mai laushi ne mai araha da sauƙi-da-amfani da kayan da zai iya zama da amfani don dasa shuki karas.

Wannan hanyar shuka shuki yana dace saboda tsaba a koyaushe suna da nisa daidai da juna, wanda ya ba ka damar kawar da tsarin aiki na thinning of seedlings (cire tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire daga layuka ko nests don inganta yanayin girma).

Har ila yau, a lokacin da dasa shuki tsaba a cikin kwalaye kwalaye, babu buƙatar weeding. Labarin da ke ƙasa ya ƙunshi cikakken bayani game da wannan hanyar dasa shuki karas.

Bayanin hanya da kuma bayanin

Gasa karas a cikin kwallun kwaikwaiyo shine tsari na tattalin arziki da rikitarwa, wanda ya hada da bayyana wasu nau'in tsaba a kowace tantanin halitta sa'an nan kuma dasa su a kai tsaye a ƙasa. An dasa amfanin gona da aka dasa ta wannan hanya ta cika. Tushen kwalliya zai hana evaporation daga danshi da kuma shuka germination. Wannan wata hanyar lafiya ce ta hanyar da ke cikin yanayi don bunkasa karas, wanda yake samuwa ga masu shahararru da masu gandun daji.

Amfanin

• Babu buƙatar hanyar aiwatarwa.
• Tsare na tsawon lokacin adana damshi a cikin ƙasa.
• Ƙananan farashin kuɗi.
• Samun kayan.
• Kwancen kwakwalwan kwalliya daga ƙarƙashin qwai.
• Abubuwan da ke cikin muhalli da kuma abin da ba mai guba ba.
• Mai sauƙin amfani.
• Kyakkyawan ra'ayi na gadaje saboda har ma da layuka na seedlings.
• Babu bukatar kawar da weeds.

Abubuwa marasa amfani

Amma yana da kyau a lura cewa wannan hasara zai iya faruwa tare da kowace hanyar dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa.

Umurnin mataki zuwa mataki

Shiri

Kayan kayan lambu

Don dasa shuki karas kana buƙatar shirya kayayyakin aiki irin su:

• kwallun kwaikwayo na katako;
• lambun rani don gyaran ƙasa bayan dasa shuki karas;
• lambu watering iya na watering.

Trays daga karkashin qwai

Nan da nan kafin a shuka karas da kansu, dole ne a riƙa yin ruwa da ruwa tare da ruwa don wanke kwali. Har ila yau wajibi ne don kullun kwakwalwar ba sa ɗauke da danshi daga ƙananan yadudduka na ƙasa, wanda ya wajaba don ci gaban al'ada na tushen karas.

Seed

Tsaba dole ne sabo. Tuni a cikin shekara ta biyu na ajiya, germination saukad da sharply, kuma na uku sauk zuwa 30%.

Carrot tsaba dauke da mai muhimmanci mai da mafi kyau cire kafin germination don kauce wa ragewa da girma na seedlings. Ana shirya tsaba ta amfani da fasaha mai zuwa:

1. Warke hatsi Soaking su na minti 20 a cikin ruwa mai tsanani zuwa Celsius digiri 50.
2. Sake aiwatar da nauyin iri iri, ajiye su na minti 15-20 a cikin wani bayani na potassium permanganate.
3. Saturate da tsaba tare da na gina jiki. Ana amfani da hatsi tare da ci gaba mai mahimmanci, irin su ruwan 'ya'yan Aloe ko miyagun ƙwayoyi "Epin". A cikin maganin waɗannan abubuwa, an ajiye hatsi a rana ɗaya.

Tare da wannan shirye-shiryen, tsaba suna bada 'ya'yan itace.

Shuka

Amfani da kwandon kwali don adana qwai, kana buƙatar sanin inda za a sami ramuka don dasa shuki karas, zane su. Don yin wannan:

1. Kwaswalwar Kwayoyin yana buƙata a dage farawa a kan shafin don dasa shuki da kuma raye.
2. Sa'an nan kuma saka kamar tsaba guda biyu a cikin kowannensu.
3. An zuba tsaba akan ƙasa kuma shayar da lambun gonar iya ta hanyar sprinkling.

Yaya za a shuka a cikin kwanuka?

A cikin fall kuna buƙatar:

1. Bi da lambun inda aka dasa karas, daga weeds.
2. Sa'an nan kuma tono ƙasa tare da felu ko wani hanya mai samuwa.
3. Don takin ƙasa tare da humus a cikin nauyin kilo 10 a kowace mita mita da itace ash a madadin gilashin guda daya na mita 1.

Idan yana da muhimmanci don warware matsalar pH a cikin ƙasa, zaka iya yin amfani da wannan hanya kamar ƙara lemun tsami ko dolomite gari zuwa ƙasa da 1 kofin ta mita 1.

Idan akwai ƙasa mai yawa a yankin da ake shuka, ya kamata a sauƙaƙe shi ta hanyar ƙara sawdust, mai tsabta yashi ko gawayi. Wannan tsari ana kiransa mulkewa. Wannan fasaha na fasaha ya ba da damar tsayar da danshi, da amfani ga shuka iri, a cikin ƙasa. Mulching wajibi ne don kula da kiwon lafiya. A cikin zafi zafi, mulching zai iya kare karas daga mutuwa, shi ba ka damar kula da yawan zafin jiki da ake bukata domin girma da kuma ci gaban shuke-shuke.

Mulch yana da amfani mai tasiri akan ƙasa da tsaba kuma yana da abubuwan da ke biyowa:

• retains danshi, da amfani ga iri germination, a cikin ƙasa;
• ya hana overheating na kasar gona a lokacin rani;
• ya hana yaduwar ƙasa;
• yana riƙe da ƙasa mai tsabta.

Tsire-tsire iri iri yana shafar yanayin yanayin zafi. Ƙasa tana shirye don dasa shuki lokacin da yake mai tsanani zuwa Celsius 5-8 digiri. An dasa shuki karas a watan Afrilu ko Mayu, amma lokacin da dasa shuki tsaba ya kamata la'akari da yanayin yanayin damin yankin.

A cikin bazara kana buƙatar:

1. Yi sake sake ƙasa tare da felu ko wani hanya mai samuwa.
2. Don samar da wata mãkirci a ƙarƙashin karas.
3. Don yin takin gargajiya: humus, takin. An haramta gabatar da sabbin kayan lambu a cikin shirya kasa don karas - bai yarda da shi ba.
4. Bayan 'yan kwanaki kafin a dasa shuki, dole ne a sassauta ƙasa sannan a zuga shi da rake. Rashin gyaran ƙasa yana da amfani saboda bayan shi kasar gona ta wadatar da oxygen.
5. Sa'an nan kuma zuba ƙasar don dasa shuki tare da lambun watering iya.

Don shuka noma a cikin tire, samar da magudi mai biyowa:

1. an yanke rami a kowace tantanin halitta;
2. kwakwalwan kwakwalwan da aka guga a cikin gado don alamar yankin saukowa;
3. a kowace tantanin halitta sa biyu tsaba;
4. duk sun fada barci;
5. watering tare da watering iya, sprinkling hanya, sabõda haka, hatsi kasance a wurin.

Dasa karas a cikin ƙwayoyin kwai zai iya yin ba tare da yanke kasa ba. Ana yin wannan lokacin da akwati ta zama bakin ciki da kuma kwance. A wannan yanayin, katako ba zai hana ci gaban karas da kuma sha ruwan inji da ma'adanai daga ƙasa ba.

Ganye karas tare da tire zai iya kasancewa a gida ko a wani wuri m, sa'an nan kuma canja shi zuwa gadon gado. Zai zama wajibi ne kawai don binne kwallin kwalliya a ƙasa kuma ku sha gonar lambun tare da lambun shayarwa. Kimanin makonni biyu bayan shuka, ana tsammanin za a bayyana su.

Kulawa na farko

Ƙasa taki lokacin da dasa

Idan lokacin da aka dasa dukkan matakan da ake bukata kuma ana amfani da taki a lokaci, to, sai a sake maimaita aikace-aikacen ma'adinai. Duk da haka idan ba a yi amfani da takin mai magani ba, sai a kara su a matakai biyu:

• a farkon mataki Ana amfani da takin mai magani wata daya bayan fitowar karas;
• a karo na biyu - bayan wasu makonni shida daga farkon aikace-aikace na ma'adanai.

Watering

Daidaitawa da ka'idojin shuka suna ba da izini don amfanin amfanin gona mai ban sha'awa:

• Ba isasshen danshi ba a cikin ƙasa zai kai ga gaskiyar cewa karas ba zai iya cika girma ba.
• Ambaliya ta wuce haddi Har ila yau, mummunar tasiri akan ci gaban karas da take kaiwa ga lalacewar asalinta.

Rashin ƙasa tare da danshi don karamin yaro ya kamata a zurfin 30 centimeters.

1. Don ban ruwa na karas da kula da seedlings samar drip ban ruwa. Yana taimaka wajen saturate shuke-shuke da danshi.
2. Bayan irin shuka germination da fitowan karas, watering ya kamata a ƙara zuwa goma lita na ruwa da murabba'in mita.
3. Bayan bayyanar irin waɗannan kyawawan abubuwa kamar rufewa da ganye, ya kamata ku ruwa da karas a cikin nauyin ashirin da lita a kowace mita mita. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen bunkasa tushen da tattara tarin taro.
4. Kwana ɗaya da rabi kafin girbi, adadin ruwa ya kamata a rage zuwa lita 10, da kuma mako daya kafin girbi, dole ne a dakatar da dakatar da ƙasa inda karas ke girma.

Kurakurai

• Tsaba. Dole ne su zama sabo. Tuni a cikin shekara ta biyu na ajiya, germination saukad da sharply, kuma na uku sauk zuwa 30%.
• Rashin kuskure - Wannan shi ne dalili na farko na sluggish da m kayan lambu. Tare da kasawa na danshi, karas girma sosai, tushen zama m, saya mai m iyawa.

  Amma kuma yawancin watering a yanayin bushe, ma, ba za'a iya aiwatar da ita ba. Ruwa mai yawan gaske, da hazo mai haɗari, yana haifar da karuwa daga amfanin gona daga cikin ciki. An tsara su a yanayin fari, kayan aikin gona mai tushe, sun rasa haɗarsu, ba su da tsayayya da matsa lamba na kyallen ƙirar sabon ƙwayar cuta, saboda haka, amfanin gona na tushen ya zama abin ƙyama.

• Rashin ciyar da taki. Fertilizing seedlings tare da takin mai magani na iya samun daban-daban manifestations. Yawan aiki ya dogara ne da nau'in ƙasa da kuma bisa nauyin noma. Ciyar da nitrogen inganta ingantaccen gina jiki a cikin karas, ƙara yawan carotene, amma mummunan tasirin su yana nunawa a karuwar yawan sukari da kwayoyin halitta.

  Ciyarwar wuce gona da iri na taimakawa wajen tara jari mai gina jiki mai gina jiki, wanda shine kyakkyawan ƙwaya ga kwayoyin cuta da fungi. Saboda haka, akwai cututtuka na seedlings, sa'an nan kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa, wanda ya rage "adana inganci" kuma kara yawan yiwuwar karamin hatsi a lokacin ajiya.

Hanyar dasa shuki a cikin ƙwayoyin kwai shine samo ga mutanen da ke son asalin ra'ayoyin kuma suna kokarin cimma babban amfanin gona tare da kuɗin kuɗi kadan. Godiya ga hanyar dasa shuki karar a cikin kwayoyin daga ƙarƙashin qwai, gadaje a kan gonar tudu za su yi kallo da kyau da kuma tsararru, saboda magungunan bishiyoyi da kuma rashin weeds.