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Tsire-tsire na cikin gida

Kulawa da kuma haifuwa na gloxinia a gida

Gloxinia an dauke shi da al'adun matasa a Turai, tun lokacin da aka kai shi ne kawai a ƙarni 3 da suka gabata.

Furen nan da nan ya sami karbuwa da sha'awar haifar da shi a gida. A hanyoyi na haifa wannan shuka kuma za a tattauna a cikin labarin.

Basic dokoki don girma gloxinia

Matsayi na gloxinia ko syringium (sunan na biyu) ya dogara da kakar da lokaci na ci gaba. A cikin bazara, har yanzu yana da sanyi kuma rãnã ba ta da matukar aiki, injin yana da dadi a kudancin gidan. Bugu da kari, yana ƙara ƙwayar duhu kuma yana shirya don kafa buds, don haka yana bukatar haske mai haske. A farkon lokacin bazara, yayin da hasken rana ya ragu, ƙwallon yana haskaka don haka ranar zai kasance har zuwa 12-14 hours.

A lokacin flowering, ana haskaka haske daga hasken. Yawancin lokaci, hasken haske ya rage lokacin flowering. Yawan zafin jiki na abun ciki shine mafi kyau a cikin kewayon + 20 + + 26 ° C, ana ɗaukar zazzabi a kasa + 18 ° C ko sama + 28 ° C. Kayan shuka yana son ƙananan zafi a cikin kewayon 60-80%.

Hanyar ban ruwa yana bada shawara don ragewa ta hanyar kwanon rufi ko ban ruwa na ƙasa a gefen gefen tukunya don kada danshi ya kasance a kan mai tushe ko ganye. Yawan zafin jiki ya kamata ya zama digiri na biyu fiye da yawan zafin jiki na iska, ingancin - an sarrafa ko akalla rabu da rana. Bayan da aka rage ruwan da ya rage daga kwanon rufi. Ruwa na ban ruwa ya dogara da nauyin bushewa na ƙasa: Kuna buƙatar ruwa mai bushe.

Da takin mai magani fara farawa bayan watanni 2 bayan dasa shuki, takin mai magani bai kamata ya fada kan wuyansa ba, mai tushe ko foliage. Takin daji tare da wani lokaci na kwanaki 14, bayan watering, musayar ma'adanai da kwayoyin halitta. A lokacin girma girma, a matsayin kwayoyin halitta, zaka iya amfani da jiko na tsuntsu droppings. Ƙaddamarwar bayani (0.5 kg / 12 l), ya nace 3-4 days, diluted tare da ruwa don ban ruwa a cikin wani rabo na 1 l / 1.5 l na mayar da hankali. Daga cikin ma'adinai masu amfani da ammonium nitrate (1.5 g / 1 l).

A lokacin flowering, itace ash (1 teaspoon l / 1 l na ruwa) an canza shi da superphosphate (1.5 g / 1 l). Bayan flowering, potassium-phosphorus abun da ke ciki ne ake amfani da su mayar da ƙarfi, misali, potassium monophosphate (2 g / 1 l na ruwa). A ƙarshen Satumba, sun fara rage watering, suna shirya flower don lokacin hutu, wanda ya kasance daga Oktoba zuwa Fabrairu. Bayan mutuwar shayarwa, ƙananan sassa na gloxinia zasu mutu, kuma tuber zai bukaci a cire shi daga tukunya. Ana sanya shi cikin ajiya a cikin yashi mai yadu kuma adana a zafin jiki na + 10 ... + 15 ° C.

Shin kuna sani? Sarkin Sweden Charles II ya gabatar da wani adverb na musamman a cikin matsayi na Turai - "harshen furanni". Hanya na gloxinia a matsayin kyauta a cikin wannan harshe yana nufin alamar ƙauna a farkon gani.

Hanyar na shuka haifuwa a gida

Gloxinia yayi kyau sosai a cikin nau'o'in iri da kuma hanyoyi masu cin ganyayyaki, amma ba duk hanyoyin da ke da kyau ga kowane jinsin ba. Za mu gaya mana dalla-dalla a ƙasa.

Cuttings na Leaf

Wannan yana daya daga cikin hanyoyin da za a iya fadada flower, kuma ba kome ba idan an yi amfani da kowane ganye ko ɓangarensa. Wata matashi mai laushi tare da ɗan gajeren lokaci, har zuwa 3 cm, ana dauka a matsayin yanke. Fassara fasaha:

  1. A cikin tukunyar filastik a cikin ƙasa mai laushi ya sanya takarda zuwa zurfin 1 cm.
  2. An rufe akwati da fim kuma an sanya shi a wuri mai dadi.
  3. An cire fim ɗin a cikin wata guda, lokacin da lokuta sun bayyana.
  4. Bayan watanni 2, takardar ya samar da "yara." A wannan lokaci, an yanke shi, kuma ana sanya seedling tare da "yara" a cikin tukunya daya.
Hakazalika, shimfiɗa tsire-tsire da ganyayyaki, idan ana so, don samun bugunan da yawa. Bambanci kawai shi ne cewa an sanya takardar a cikin guda, kamar yadda a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa. Sau da yawa a cikin gandun daji akwai matakan da ke dauke da su daga daji domin ci gaban su da yawa da karfi da abincin jiki ga mummunar flowering. An bada shawara don cire irin waɗannan sprouts, amma kada ku jefa su, yana da kyau don amfani da haifuwa. Tsarin samfurin samfurori na kama da hanyar da ta gabata.

Tsaba

Za'a iya sayan tsaba a ɗakin ajiya na musamman ko aka tattara kansa. Kafin a shuka, an yi kayan abu a cikin Fitosporin-M na tsawon sa'o'i 2, yadda ya kamata a shirya wani bayani mai ruwa na foda - 1.5 g / 100 ml na ruwa. Tsarin ayyukan lokacin da shuka shine kamar haka:

  1. Cika da akwati na dasa tare da ƙasa mai lalacewa.
  2. An adana tsaba tare da yashi kuma sun yada a kan fuskar.
  3. A hankali, don kada a wanke tsaba, ana yalwata kasar gona tare da sprayer.
  4. An rufe akwati ta gilashi ko filastik filastik kuma an sanya shi a wuri mai haske.
  5. Yawancin zafin jiki zai zama + 25 ° C.
  6. An yi amfani da tsire-tsire a kai a kai, kuma, idan ya cancanta, a fesa da ruwa.
  7. Harbe suna bayyana cikin wata daya.

Yana da muhimmanci! Fusuka na farko (sun bayyana bayan watanni 9) dole ne a yanke su: tsire-tsire bai isa ba tukuna don flowering.

Tuber rarraba

Bayan sauran lokutan, an cire tubers daga ajiya. Don haifuwa ta hanyar rarraba, ana duba tubers don rot ko wasu cututtuka, tsabtace tushen asalinsu. Karin ayyuka:

  1. Saka kayan abu a cikin fungicide (Fitosporin-M: 10 g / 0.5 na ruwa, tsawon minti 30).
  2. Shuka a cikin karamin akwati da mahimmanci don bayyanar ganye. Shuka a cikin ƙasa yana bukatar idanu sama.
  3. Lokacin da tsire-tsire masu karfi 4-5 ya bayyana, tuber ya rabu, yana barin wani ɓangare na kore a kowane rabi.
  4. Sauke halves a cikin wani fungicide, sa'an nan kuma bushe kuma yayyafa tare da yanke tare da crushed coal.
  5. Shuka delenki a cikin tukwane da aka cika da ƙasa.
  6. Ruwa da rana mai zuwa.

Fidio: Halittar Gloxinia ta rarraba tuber

Peduncle

Kwayoyin furen da aka dasa su ma sun dace da kayan shuka. Yanayin shinge:

  1. An cire anfan da aka bushe, an yanka pedicel a wani kusurwa.
  2. An shuka shi da ruwa a cikin tushen ruwa. Ana yayyafa zafi da ruwa mai tsabta a cikin ganga mai zurfi 1 cm zurfi.
  3. Don hana juyawa daga ɓangare na ƙananan tushe, narke 1 kwamfutar hannu na carbon kunna a cikin ruwa.
  4. A kai a kai a yayin da aka zuba ruwan ruwa don kasancewa daidai matakin.
  5. An sanya akwati a wuri mai haske.
  6. A cikin wata, peduncles zaiyi girma, to, bayan kimanin 15-20 days, ganye da ƙananan tubers zasu bayyana.
  7. A wannan lokaci, ana canza shi zuwa cikin tukunya da aka cika da ƙasa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Hanyar ba ta dace da irin yanayin syringium ba, wanda yawancin lokaci ne mai tushe na peduncles rot.

Tops

Hanyoyin kwalliya suna da kyau madadin, lokacin da wasu dalilan da aka shimfiɗa tsire-tsire ne ko kuma ba shi da matashi, tuber yana buƙatar hutawa. An yanke yanke a wani kusurwa na 2 cm sama da tuber. Fassara fasaha:

  1. Tsawancin yanke shine game da 3 cm, an cire ƙananan ƙananan don kada su dauke ƙarfi.
  2. Ana zuba ruwa mai tsabta a cikin mota mai zurfi 2 cm mai zurfi, ta rushe kwamfutar hannu da aka kunna a ciki.
  3. An sanya kara a cikin ruwa kuma an rufe ta da fim.
  4. Ana sanya rudin zafi da ƙarƙashin haske mai haske.
  5. Cikin iska a kowane lokaci da seedling, zuba ruwa idan ya cancanta.
  6. Bayan fitowar sprouts a cikin ƙasa.

Features kiwo gloxinia

Idan aka ba da hanyoyi masu yawa na sukar kayan kiwo, za a iya amfani da su a lokuta daban-daban na shekara. Ko da yake mafi yawan lokuta mafi kyau shine la'akari da ƙarshen bazara da kuma lokacin rani. A wannan lokacin, bayan hutawa hunturu, injin yana da ƙarfin ƙarfin haihuwa, a farkon watanni na bazara yana da lokaci don farkawa. Ga kowane ɗayan hanyoyin da aka bayyana a sama, kakar daya ko wani ya dace.

Za'a iya ɗaukar haɓaka ta filayen furanni a kowane lokaci na shekara, idan yana yiwuwa don tabbatar da yawan zafin jiki na abun ciki a matakin + 20 ... + 25 ° C.

Spring da lokacin rani

A farkon spring, propagate tare da tuber, germinating shi nan da nan bayan wani lokacin hutawa. Sake gwadawa ta hanyar ganye da stepchildren an gudanar a cikin marigayi spring ko farkon lokacin rani.

Autumn da hunturu

Gudun ruwa a gloxinia tare da kulawa nagari zai iya zama daga watan Maris zuwa Satumba. Tsunuka kamar yadda aka dasa kayan amfani a cikin fall. Ana bada furanni don canja wuri zuwa farkon watan Janairu ko cikin shekaru goma na Fabrairu.

Koyi yadda za'a kula da gloxinia bayan flowering.

Ana shirya don dasa furanni

Gloxinia yana son ƙarancin ƙasa tare da karfin hali mai kyau da kuma dabi'un acidity na 5.5-6.5 pH. Da abun da ke ciki na kasar gona ya kasance a cikin wani rabo na 1: 1: 0.5:

  • high peat;
  • Ƙasa ƙasa;
  • yashi
Kafin yin amfani da shi, an gurɓata ƙasa ta hanyar yin magana a cikin tanda a + 100 ° C ko kuma ta hanyar zubar da wani bayani mai sauƙi. Abubuwan da tukunya ba su da mahimmanci, girman da yaran da aka samo ya kamata su zama kimanin 10 cm. A matsayin kayan malalewa suna amfani da abin da ke kusa:

  • yankakken kumfa;
  • pebbles;
  • tsakuwa.

Ƙarin kula

Don bunkasa gloxinia da ci gaba da tsayar da furanni, bai isa ya bi dokoki na namo da kula ba.

Bincika iri iri na terry gloxinia.

Bayan 'yan asirin daga masu shayarwa masu furanni zasu taimaka maka cikin wannan matsala:

  1. A lokacin germination na tushen a cikin seedlings, da yawan zafin jiki ya tashi zuwa + 25 ° C. Bayan dasawa tare da farawa na ci gaba da ci gaba da ciyayi na kore, an ajiye injin a yanayin yanayin zazzabi: a rana - + 22 ° C, da dare - + 18 ° C. Irin wannan fasaha zai ba da damar daji ya zama daidai ba tare da jawo harbe ba.
  2. Bayan kafawar tuber, lokacin da ya fara girma da ganye, flower zai buƙaci haske mai haske. Sa'an nan kuma mai tushe zai fi guntu, dajiyar dafa, da kuma buds za a daura fiye. Bugu da ƙari, hasken wuta mai haske a wannan mataki zai ba da haske mai launi ga ƙananan furanni a nan gaba.
  3. Duk da ƙaunar da tsire-tsire take yi don zafi mai zafi, ba'a so a yaduwa Gloxinia, yana da kyau a ajiye akwati tare da cikewar rigar (gwano, fadada yumbu) kusa da shi.
  4. A lokacin da watering dole ne kula da uniform rarraba ruwa a cikin ƙasa. Tun da tushen asalin gloxinia yana samuwa, ba tare da busawa ba a wuri guda zai haifar da rot, da kuma cikawa a wani wuri - bushewa.
  5. Don yin furanni girma da kyau, tukunya yana juya a kai a kai a kai.
  6. Domin sinningia bloomed sau biyu a kakar, bayan na farko flowering flowering, da tushe ne pruned zuwa 2-3 m ganye. Bayan bayyanar matakan, an cire su, barin wasu alamar rahama, kuma ana ciyar da daji tare da takin mai magani mai mahimmanci don ci gaba da girma da kuma flowering.

Shin kuna sani? Sunan na biyu na flower Sinningia bai tsaya a cikin lambu ba. Wannan shi ne saboda ma'anar farko ta sunan Gloxinia - "Glock" - daga Jamus fassara a matsayin "kararrawa"wanda siffarsa ta biyo baya ga inflorescence na shuka.

Matsaloli da za a iya haifarwa

Difficulties a cikin kiwo gloxinis iya tashi biyu a mataki na germination da kuma a mataki na rooting, sabili da haka yana da muhimmanci a san ba kawai yadda za a dasa, amma kuma abin da hanya don zaɓar. Babban matsalolin haifuwa:

  1. Lokacin da ya tashi, tushen ba ya bayyana na dogon lokaci - rabuwa yana da kyau sosai, kasar gona a lokacin shuka yana da yawa sosai.
  2. Ba a kafa tuber ba - an kwantar da tsirrai tare da tsayi mai tsawo don haifuwa.
  3. Tsarin kayan dasa kayan aiki ne wanda ba mai jituwa ba, ruwa na rashin talauci (nutsewa a cikin ruwa), rashin haske, maɗaukaki da zafin jiki, rashi disinfection na ɓangarori, kayan shuka mai cututtuka.
  4. Sapling rot za a iya lalacewa ta hanyar da ba daidai ba hanyar kiwo don musamman iri-iri.

A ci gaba da girma gloxinia, za ka iya haɗu da wasu cututtuka da kwari da ke kai farmaki da flower. Hanyar da ake rubutu da su an gabatar da su a kasa:

  1. Tushen tushen - tasiri maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi "Diskor" (bayani a cikin wani rabo na 1 ml / 2 l na ruwa).
  2. Late Blight - amfani da watering tare da bayani mai magunguna na miyagun ƙwayoyi "Alirin-B" a cikin rabo daga 0.25 allunan / 1.5 l.
  3. Fusarium - aiwatar da noma na ƙasa tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi "Vitaros" a cikin rabo daga 2 ml / 1 l na ruwa.
  4. Thrips - tasiri ne magani "Actellic". Don spraying, shirya bayani a cikin wani rabo na 2 ml / 2 l na ruwa.
  5. Gizo-gizo mite - Zaka iya halakar da kwaro ta hanyar yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi "Agravertin" (2 ml / 1 l na ruwa).
Sake haifar da cikar gloxinia ba bambanta ba, babban abu: bi dokoki kuma zaɓi hanyar da aka so don wani iri-iri. Kulawa mai kulawa zai ba ka damar sha'awar furancin wannan furen, kuma watakila ma sau biyu a shekara.

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