Currant ne rassan itace na gwangwani iyali. Hanyar dasawa da kula da berries yana buƙatar wasu sani da basira. A cikin wannan labarin za mu dubi yadda za mu shuka currants a cikin bazara, kazalika da bayar da jagoran mataki zuwa mataki.
Lokacin da shuka
Farkon lokacin kaka shine lokacin mafi kyau don dasa shuki shuki, tun a cikin hunturu yanayin da ke kusa da tsutsiyar daji ya yi girma, wanda zai taimaka wajen cigaba da bunkasa Berry. Mutane da yawa lambu dasa shrubs a farkon spring don kauce wa daskarewa tushen tsarin kuma, a sakamakon haka, halakar daji.
Shin kuna sani? Currant yana da matukar damuwa da rashin sahihanci. Ba ya girma ne kawai a nahiyoyi biyu - Australia da Antarctica.
Zabi wani wuri mai saukowa
Kowane lambu ya kamata tunani a hankali game da nan gaba jeri na currant bushes. Dole ne a shimfiɗa wuri, kuma ƙasa dole ne ya cika ka'idodin da suka dace a ƙasa.
Koyi game da ƙananan hanyoyi masu girma, baƙar fata da fari.
Haskewa
Samun mai kyau haske da matsakaici danshi - Babban mahimmanci don zaɓar wani shafin don dasa shuki currants a bude ƙasa. Idan a cikin idon ruwa an shuka Berry a cikin wani wuri mai rigar rigar, ƙananan bishiyoyi zasu kamu da cututtuka, za su yi girma sannu a hankali kuma suyi daji. Shaka wajibi ne don shuka, amma kusanci da ruwa mai zurfi yana rinjayar ci gaban 'ya'yan itatuwa.
A injin yana son rana, amma yana jurewa inuwa. Black currant ne ƙasa da picky fiye da fari da kuma ja, ana iya dasa a cikin wurare ɓoye na gonar ko gonar.
Sau da yawa ana shuka currants tare da shinge, inda babu iska mai karfi da sharaɗi mai kyau don wurinta. Yankin da ya zaɓa ya zama santsi, ba tare da zurfin ciki ba. Don yin wannan, mirgine ƙasa da matakin.
Nau'in shinge
Don dasa shuki zabi wadanda basu da albarkatun acidic masu arziki a humus da breathable. Awancen ƙasa yana dogara da adadin lemun tsami a cikinta. Idan lemun tsami bai isa ba, duniya ta zama acidic, kuma shuka zata tsira sosai.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ana iya aunawa acid tare da vinegar. A cikin dintsi na duniya kana bukatar ka zuba kamar wata saukad da kudi. Idan ƙasa tana tasowa, ƙasa ba ta da tsaka tsaki kuma ba mai acidic, sabili da haka ya dace da dasa. Idan babu amsa ga vinegar, kasar gona tana da babban acidity.Don rage matakin acidity na duniya, zaka iya ƙara (zaɓi):
- allon ƙasa;
- itace ash;
- lemun tsami, da ruwa;
- dolomite gari.
Cuttings ko shirye shirye?
Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na dasa shuki currants:
- dasa shuki;
- dasa shuki.
- Spring zai iya zama sanyi kuma shuka zai mutu;
- seedlings ba cheap;
- da iri-iri bazai da tushe kuma bazaiyi 'ya'ya ba;
- tsarin tushen zai iya lalacewa ko kamuwa da ita, ganye zai iya samun matsala kamar.
Muna ninka currants ta cuttings
Yawancin lambu suna so su yi furanni tare da cuttings, amma mafi yawansu ba su san yadda zasu dasa su ba. Safiya na farko shi ne lokaci mai kyau don irin waɗannan dalilai, saboda ganye suna yin hanya kawai kuma basu riga sun ci gaba ba. Idan kore ya yi fure, to, yanke su da rashin hankali, ganye zasu karbi duk ruwan 'ya'yan itace, kuma yankan ba tare da tushen ba zasu iya ciyar da dukkanin kwaya ba kuma zasu mutu.
Karanta game da yadda zaka kare currants daga cututtuka (powdery mildew, yatsa tsatsa) da kwari (aphids).
Ajiyewa
Tare da itacen inabi mai shekaru, mun yanke wani ɓangare na tushe, ƙananan bishiyar da suka fara farawa, aƙalla 5-8 mm lokacin farin ciki, 12-15 cm high.
Yana da muhimmanci! Don sanin lokacin da itacen inabi zai taimake ta launi. Rahotanni na zamani suna da inuwa mai rawaya. The mazan da reshe, da duhu da launi.Mun yanke saman kwandon hatsi (ba tare da gangara) ta 2-3 cm ba, ba za mu buƙatar wannan ɓangare na aiki ba, mun yanke kasan kasa don kyawawan shuki a ƙasa.
Gyara
Shuka cuttings a nesa na 10 cm daga juna da 40-45 cm tsakanin layuka. Bayan mun ɗauki fim (sautuka masu duhu) da kuma yanke shi a wasu sassan, wanda muke sawa a bangarorin biyu tare da cuttings.
Abubuwan da ke tsakanin fim din da cututtuka an rufe shi da ƙasa (don kada ya soki fim ɗin kuma ya sake amfani dashi). Saboda irin wannan yanayin zafi, ƙasa tana cike da zafi da kuma tsabtace shi, kuma tushensu sun samo asali kuma an samo su da sauri.
Saukowa
Don dasa shuki-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire suna bukatar sanin nuances, kamar:
- an yi watsi da shi a farkon spring;
- Yanayin saukowa ya kamata ya zama digiri 45;
- dole ne a danne fim din sosai a ƙasa, wannan yana hana ci gaban weeds kuma yana haifar da condensate wanda zai shafe ƙasa.
Shin kuna sani? Rasha ta fi dacewa da farko a cikin namo na currants. A cewar Wikipedia, girbi na berries a kasar yana da kimanin 431.5 dubu ton.
Dasa currants shirye seedlings
Shuka currant seedlings, da cuttings, na faruwa a farkon spring, nan da nan bayan karshen sanyi. Kafin dasa shuki, kasar gona ta hadu da phosphorus da potassium. Zai fi kyau don hana lamba na shuka tare da taki, za a iya ƙone tushen. Don kaucewa irin wannan sakamakon, taki yafa masa ƙasa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Daidai girke-girke taki ƙasa: 1 square. m na ƙasar da kake buƙatar guga na humus, 200 g na superphosphate da 50 g na potassium sulfate.Nisa tsakanin bushes ya zama kusan mita biyu (lokacin da tsire-tsire suke girma, zai zama sauƙin kula da su, kuma girbi zai fi girma). Da shawarar da nisa tsakanin seedlings shine mita 1. Don dasa shuki currants samar da wadannan ayyuka:
- an sanya seedling a rami, a kusurwa na 45 digiri, zuwa zurfin 10-12 cm;
- daidaita tushen (yankan da cire wuraren da ya lalata);
- an rufe shi da ƙasa, a hankali yana kwatanta shi don cika ruɗaɗɗiyar tsakanin tushen. A cikin bazara, yanayin iska na duniya zai zama kadan, saboda haka ba lallai ba ne a kara da ƙasa sosai.
Ƙarin kulawa yana ciyar da lokaci, pruning, kariya daga cututtuka da kwari, shirya don hunturu a cikin fall.
Dokokin dashi
Dole ne a sake shuka tsire-tsire a lokacin barci, wannan shine ko dai a ƙarshen kaka ko a farkon lokacin bazara. Domin injin shuka ya fi dacewa, ya kamata a tsince shi a iyakar nisa don kiyaye kananan asalin (50-60 cm daga gangar jikin). Kira a cikin daji, kana buƙatar tafiya cikin zurfi, don haka kada ka lalata kananan asalinsu. Bayan hakan, girgiza tushen tushen duniya.
Tsarin dashi yana kunshe da matakai da yawa:
- za mu zaɓar yankin da ya sauko wurin la'akari da shawarwarin da ke sama;
- muna tono rami mai zurfin 70-80 cm;
- kasa na farnozem wake da aka haɗe da taki;
- mun sanya shuki a tsakiyar rami kuma mu rufe shi da ƙasa;
- Mound kewaye daji yana buƙatar rago;
- ruwa mai zurfi da ruwa. Currants suna son ruwan sama.
Currant ne mai ban sha'awa, dadi, mai gina jiki bitamin, wanda za a iya cinye ko da a cikin tazarar jihar. Unripe berries suna da sau 4 more aiki bitamin C, wanda ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafi da kare da cututtuka. Koda mawaki mai mahimmanci zai iya koyon yadda ake girma da kuma yada irin wannan amfanin gona kamar yadda currants.
