Raspberries sune al'adun berry da aka fi so a cikin lambunanmu. Ana iya dasa shi a cikin bazara da kaka. Ganyayyun tsire-tsire suna ɗaukar tushe sosai, har ma an dasa su a lokacin rani. Amma, da aka ba da izinin ci gaban wannan al'ada, yana da kyau a aiwatar da aikin dasa bayan ƙarshen lokacin girma. Kuma tun lokacin kaka ana halin da mafi matsakaici zazzabi da kuma ƙara zafi, shi na taimaka wa cikin m rooting shuke-shuke.
Shin zai yuwu a dasa bishiyoyi a cikin kaka
Dasa raspberries zai fi kyau a ƙarshen kakar. A wannan lokacin, an riga an girbe girbi, kusan duk aikin da yake a gonar an kammala shi. Kuna iya sannu a hankali shirya wurin, sayi kayan abu mai inganci, zaɓi wanda yafi girma a faɗuwa. Kuma idan kun dasa shuki kafin farkon yanayin sanyi, za su sami lokacin da za su ɗau tushe, girma da ƙarfi da hunturu sosai. Kuma a cikin bazara, duk ƙoƙarin ya kamata a karkatar da shi zuwa ga ci gaban ɓangaren m da fruiting.
Autumn ne mafi kyawun lokacin shuka raspberries
A farkon lokacin, zaka iya samun lokacin shuka raspberries kafin farkon lokacin girma - yana farawa da sauri, ba shi da lokacin gina tushen sa. M rauni seedlings dauki tushe tsawo da kuma raɗaɗi. Bugu da kari, sanyi mai zafi na iya faruwa a lokacin bazara, galibi kasar ba ta isasshen zafi, kuma tsirrai ba su karbar abinci mai mahimmanci daga daskararre. Da rana, lokacin da iska take mai zafi, kodan sun fara buɗewa, suna ɗaukar dukkanin ruwan 'ya'yan itace, harbe-tsire masu tsire-tsire sau da yawa yakan bushe kuma ya mutu.
A cikin kaka, dumin yanayi, ruwan sama ke mamayewa, babu zafi mai bushewa, wanda ke haifar da ingantaccen yanayi don ƙarfafawa da haɓaka tsarin tushen. Tare da dasa kaka, seedlings suna ba da mafi kyawun girma kuma ana iya samun berries a farkon kakar mai zuwa.
Tare da dasa kaka, tuni cikin kaka mai zuwa zaka iya samun amfanin gona na farko
Yaushe yafi kyau dasa bishiyoyi a cikin kaka
Babban dokar kaka dasa bishiyoyi shine a kammala shi makonni 3 kafin a fara sanyi. Datesayyadaddun kwanakin sun dogara da halayen yanayin yanayin yankuna da nau'in rasberi iri-iri. A cikin yankunan da kewayen yankin, ana yin ayyukan dasa daga Satumba zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba. A cikin Ukraine da kudancin Rasha, ana shuka bishiyoyi bushes daga ƙarshen Satumba zuwa ƙarshen Oktoba. Mafi kyawun lokacin dasa bishiyoyi a arewacin da tsakiyar sassan Ukraine shine farkon Oktoba, a kudu - daga ƙarshen Oktoba zuwa tsakiyar Nuwamba. A cikin Urals da Siberiya, idan kaka tayi dumi, ana shuka raspberries a farkon Satumba.
A farkon kaka a cikin Urals har yanzu yana da zafi, dasa rasberi bushes suna da lokaci don ɗauka tushe
Babban alamar da ke tabbatar da shirye-shiryen 'yan seedlings don dasa shine samuwar maye gurbin buds a wuyan tushe. A farkon nau'ikan, sun bayyana a watan Satumba, daga baya kuma daga Oktoba.
Babban ma'aunin da seedling ya shirya don dasa shine ƙirƙirar buds a wuyan tushen
Bidiyo: dasa shuki raspberries
Yadda za a dasa raspberries a cikin fall
Don samun girbi mai karimci, kuna buƙatar sayan kayan kayan shuka masu inganci kuma sanya raspberries a cikin lambu, ƙirƙirar yanayi mafi dacewa da shi.
Zaɓin wurin zama
Raspberries suna girma sosai kuma suna ba da 'ya'ya a wuraren da rana take haskakawa. Kada a dasa shishi a cikin layuka tsakanin bishiyoyi 'ya'yan itace, wanda hakan ke lalata yanayinsu, haske da abinci mai gina jiki. A cikin inuwa, berriesan itacen ya zama ƙarami, rasa ƙanshinsu, kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa yana raguwa.
Ana buƙatar dasa bishiyoyi a cikin yankin da ke da wutar lantarki
Al'adar ba ta son zayyanawa, saboda haka ya fi kyau dasa shi a gefen shinge don kare shi daga iska mai ƙarfi, yana tallafawa aƙalla mita daga shinge. Kada a saka raspberries na danshi a kan rami mai bushe inda tsire-tsire ke fama da rashin danshi. Soilasa a cikin rasberi bai kamata ta bushe ba. Amma waterlogging yana da illa ga Berry bushes - pathogenic microflora tasowa, hadarin bunkasa tushen rot yana ƙaruwa. Saboda haka, yakamata a nisantar da ƙasa, inda harbe ke narkewa koyaushe lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta faɗi. Karkashin ruwan bai isa ya wuce mita daya da rabi daga saman duniya ba.
Lokacin kwanciya rasberi, marubucin waɗannan layin koyaushe yana mantar da juyawa na amfanin gona kuma baya amfani da wuraren da ya girma tumatir, eggplants, dankali da strawberries. Bushes bushes zai yi girma sosai bayan kabewa, zucchini, cucumbers, wake ko ciyawar ciyawar ciyawa, waɗanda na dasa a cikin ƙasa wata guda kafin dasa shuki raspberries. A wurin tsohuwar rasberi, na dasa shuki ba a baya ba bayan shekaru 4-5 don rage yiwuwar cututtukan da ke sauƙaƙewa cikin ƙasa. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a zabi maƙwabta masu kyau don raspberries. Tana yin kyau tare da jan currants, blackberries, amma buckthorn teku da inabi sun fi dacewa a dasa a wani kusurwar gonar: tsirrai, fada don abinci da danshi, za su raunana juna.
Raspberries tare da kyau a cikin yankin kusa da blackberry bushes
Mafi kyawun ƙasa don raspberries shine loam ko sandstone, amma kuma za ta girma a wuraren yashi tare da ɗimbin yawa na takin zamani da kuma ban ruwa na yau da kullun. A kan wuraren yumbu raspberries za su raunana kuma ba su da amfani, don haka idan ba zai yiwu a shuka shi a wani kusurwar gonar ba, kuna buƙatar ƙara yashi a cikin yumɓun lãka (1 guga / m2).
A kasar gona a cikin rasberi ya kamata sako-sako da kuma m
Raspberries fi son girma a cikin yankuna tare da tsakaitaccen acidity. A cikin yanayin acidic, yawancin abubuwan gina jiki basa isa gare shi, don haka ya zama dole a cire - don ƙara lemun tsami a lokacin tono (500 g m2).
Matakan acidity yana da sauƙin kafa da kanka, idan kun lura da ciyayi da ke girma a cikin lambu. Horsetail, plantain, zobo, Fluffy fireweed da sauri girma a cikin yankunan da karfi ƙasa acidification. Cuff, chamomile, Clover, nettle ci gaba akan ƙasa tare da acidity tsaka tsaki.
Horsetail a kan makircin - mai nuna alamar ƙasa acid
Yadda za a zabi seedlings
Don dasa shuki, yakamata a ɗauki ƙananan ƙwayoyin lafiya na shekara-shekara tare da tsarin tushen, wanda ya ƙunshi Tushen 2-3 game da 10 cm tsayi da tushe lobes. Harbe yakamata ya zama mai sassauƙa, lokacin farin ciki 10 mm.
Kyakkyawan ƙwayar rasberi mai lafiyayyen ƙwayar cuta ya kamata ya sami tsarin tushen ci gaba ba tare da alamun lalatattun harbe da kusan harbe 1 cm ba
Za'a iya sayan kayan kayan masarufi masu tsada a cikin cibiyoyin lambu na musamman ko gandun daji tare da kyakkyawan suna. Yawancin lokaci suna ba da tsire-tsire waɗanda aka girma a cikin kwantena, wanda, lokacin da aka dasa shi, ana canza shi zuwa ramin saukowa tare da ƙasa, don haka adadin rayuwarsu kusan 100%.
Dankali seedlings ana shuka su ne da ƙammar wulakanci kuma a sauƙaƙe suna ɗaukan tushe a cikin sabon wuri
Shirya shafin
An shirya aikin dasa shuki wata daya da rabi kafin dasa shuki. Yankin bayan tono da tsabtace ciyawar yana da wadataccen takin zamani. 2 m2 na humus, 60 g na superphosphate da 50 g na potassium sulfate an kara zuwa m2.
Ana amfani da takin ƙasa zuwa yankin da aka keɓe don dasawa don digging
Madadin abun da ke cikin ma'adinai, za'a iya amfani da ash (300 g / m2). A kan yashi mara kyau ko yumɓu na yumɓu, yana da amfani don gabatar da AgroProst biofertilizer (12 kg m2) a matsayin tushen abinci mai gina jiki, wanda ya ƙunshi dukkanin macro- da microelements da suka dace don tsirrai a cikin nau'in wadatar oxygen. A babban matakin acidity, ana alkinta ƙasa da lemun tsami (500 g / m2).
Inganta abun da ke ciki zai taimaka gabatarwar AgroProst biofertilizer a cikin rami na dasa shuki
Dasa raspberries ana aiwatar da su ta hanyoyi da yawa. A cikin tsarin daji, an haƙa ramin cm 60 cm 40 a ƙarƙashin ƙananan seedlings a cikin nesa na 1 m daga juna, suna yin jerawa na 1.5 m. Ana sanya bushes ɗaya ko 2 a cikin ramin da aka shirya. Wannan itace hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita a cikin ƙananan yankuna, ba ku damar shuka raspberries a sassa daban daban na lambun.
Lokacin ƙirƙirar rasberi daga bushes guda ɗaya, yi amfani da hanyar daji na dasa
A kan manyan tsire-tsire, ya fi dacewa don amfani da hanyar tef. A wannan yanayin, an shirya shinge na 50X50 cm, a cikin abin da ake shuka tsire-tsire guda ɗaya a kowace 0.7 m, daidaita su tare da alamar igiya. Tsakanin layuka, ana lura da tazara tsakanin m 2. An saka trellis na mataki biyu a tare da maɓuɓɓugar, a kan abin da za'a ɗaure harbe yayin da suke girma.
Yin amfani da masana'antu na kayan shuka na rasberi
Kowane faɗuwa na dasa sabon nau'in raspberries. Don yin wannan, tono a tare mahara a gaba da kuma sa Organic sharar gida daga gadaje - fi da weeds a kasa. Da kyau compacted kuma yafa masa karamin Layer na duniya. Bayan wata daya da rabi, sai na cika ƙasa mai gina jiki kuma na dasa tsirrai. Tabbatar a shayar da su sosai. Kwayoyin halitta a gindin maɓuɓɓugar, a hankali bazu, inganta tsarin ƙasa, yana kunna muhimmiyar aiki mai amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta, samar da rasberi tare da abinci mai gina jiki na shekaru 3.
Don haɓaka takin ƙasa, na yi amfani da sharar shuka wanda na sa a ƙarshen ramin dasa ko maɓuɓɓugar
Tsarin dasa rasberi a kaka
Kafin dasa shuki, Tushen rasberi ana tsoma shi cikin ruwa tsawon awa ɗaya tare da ƙari da haɓaka mai haɓaka - Kornevin ko Heteroauxin.
Mataki-mataki-mataki
- A kasan ramin ko maɓuɓɓugar, ana zubar da ƙasa mai ƙanshi a cikin kamannin sandoll.
- An saukar da seedling cikin tsakiyar ramin, yana yada Tushen a cikin matakai daban-daban. Ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin ramuka a nesa na 70 cm daga juna.
Sapling da madaidaiciya Tushen an saukar da cikin rami.
- 'Ya'yan itacen suna rufe ƙasa mai dausayi, suna girgiza su kaɗan saboda babu ɓarna a ƙarƙashin, in ba haka ba Tushen yana daskarewa a cikin hunturu.
- Dole ne tushen wuyan ya kasance a buɗe. Jin zurfin seedling na iya sassauta ci gabanta har ma ya kai ga mutuwa, kuma ƙaramin tsiro na iya haifar da bushewa daga cikin itacen da ke a tushen.
Yayyafa da seedling tare da ƙasa zuwa ga tushen wuya
- Suna haɗa ƙasa a kusa da daji kuma suna samar da madauwari mai kyau wanda aka gabatar da 0.5 l na ruwa.
- Yanke harbe a tsayin 20 cm daga ƙasa.
- Ana yayyafa saman kasar gona da hay, bambaro ko humus. Coveredasa ta rufe da ciyawa mai nauyin 10 cm-cm mai sassauƙa tana daskarewa a hankali, a sakamakon abin da aka ƙirƙiri ƙarin lokaci don haɓaka tsarin tushen, wanda ba ya tsayawa ko da zazzabi ya sauka zuwa -2 ° С.
Bayan dasa, dole ne a dasa tushen yankin tare da hay
Don adana sarari a shafina, Na girma raspberries a cikin kwantena. Na tono bulon filastik tare da sare da ƙasa a cikin ƙasa, cike shi da ƙasa mai dausayi da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire. Irin waɗannan shingen shinge, binne 30 cm zurfi a cikin ƙasa, hana raspberries yadawa a yankin.
A matsayin shinge ga yaduwar raspberries a yankin, Ina amfani da bulo na filastik ba tare da tushe ba
Bidiyo: Hanyar maɓallin dasa bishiyoyi
Fasali na dasa shuki a yankuna
Tsarin damina a yankuna daban-daban na yanayi yana da halaye na kansa. Yanayin da yafi dacewa da girma don dasa bishiyoyi an kirkiresu ne a kewayen da kewayen tsakiya. Yankin tsakiya na Rasha yana cikin yanki na yanayin dumin yanayi, wanda daman ke kasancewa da damuna mai kyau (+ 8-12 ° C) tare da ruwan sama mai yawan gaske. Irin wannan yanayi ya dace da dasa shuki. A nan, raspberries suna jin dadi a cikin bazara da bazara ba tare da bushewa kudu zafi ba kuma a cikin hunturu ba tare da sanyi mai tsananin sanyi na Siberian ba.
Rasberi dasa a cikin Urals
Ga kowane yanki, ya kamata a zaɓi nau'ikan yanki. Raspberries na Urals dole su cika mafi girman ka'idoji don samar da kayayyaki kuma suna da kyawawan damar iya daidaitawa don jure wa mawuyacin yanayin yankin.
Dry kaka ba tare da hazo ba a wannan yankin yana haifar da raunin danshi, sabili da haka, bayan dasa shuki, ya kamata a shayar da seedlings da kuma ban ruwa na caji da ruwa kafin a yi sanyi. Bugu da kari, a farkon lokacin hunturu, ma'aunin zafi da sanyio anan zai iya sauka zuwa -31 ° C, kuma kusan babu dusar ƙanƙara. Sakamakon haka, tsire-tsire ba tare da murfin dusar ƙanƙara ba yakan daskarewa kuma ya mutu. Sabili da haka, wajibi ne don shirya tsire-tsire da aka shuka don hunturu, rufe su da agrofibre.
Rasberi an rufe shi da masana'anta maras yisti da kyau
Bayan duk, winters a nan suna da ƙarfi sosai, sanyi na iya isa -50 ° C, kuma a cikin Polar Urals zasu iya sauka zuwa -60 ° C. Sau da yawa akwai dusar ƙanƙan da ke busa dusar ƙanƙara daga manyan wuraren da ba su da girma. Don ƙara kauri daga murfin dusar ƙanƙara, an shigar da garkuwa a kusa da bushes, an yi shinge.
Rasberi yana da kyau a sanya shi a bayan gonar. Itatuwan 'ya'yan itace, ginin gona zai zama cikas ga iska. Babban shinge zai kuma taimakawa kare ciyawar bishiyoyi daga abubuwan iska, kuma don kada ya fitar da inuwa a kan shuka, ana iya yin shi da polycarbonate m.
Don kare gaba da iska, ya kamata a girma raspberries kusa da shinge.
Bambancin Zorenka Altai, Vysokoye, Novosti Kuzmina, Seedling Rubinova, Kichinovskaya, Kirzhach, da Kolokolchik an bambanta su da tsananin zafin hunturu.
Bambancin Zorenka Altai ya saba da sauyin yanayin ɗan ƙasa da jin daɗin lambu na Urals tare da berries mai nauyi mai nauyi kimanin 2.2 g
Siffofin dasa bishiyoyi a Siberiya
Don yanayin Siberian, za a zaɓi zaɓi iri dake da sanyi wanda zai iya jure sanyi har zuwa -40 ° C. 44 nau'ikan raspberries da suka dace da yanayin zafi na ƙarancin sanyi sun lalace a Siberiya. Waɗannan nau'ikan launuka masu launin ja ne Novosti Kuzmina, Vysluha, Altai Mai ban sha'awa, Barnaul, Kind, Shine, Arched, Charm, tare da baƙar fata Ugolok, Juya, tare da rawaya - Kyautar Siberiya, Kyakkyawan Sa'a.
Raspberry Barnaulskaya, wanda 'yan asalin Siber suka kirkira, yana da tsananin sanyi mai tsauri
A yankuna tare da yanayin sanyi, a cikin yanayin gajeren lokacin bazara, yana da kyau a shuka raspberries kusa da ƙananan gidajen bazara, a wannan ɓangaren gonar, wanda yake da kyau kuma inda dusar ƙanƙara ta fara narkewa da wuri. Yana da kyau a sanya rasberi bushes a cikin tsaunuka ko a cikin kwance sako-sako: kasar gona heats sama da sauri, ruwa ba ya stagnate, kuma mai kyau iska musayar an tabbata. A cikin yankuna na arewacin, inda har ma a lokacin rani akwai zafi kadan da rana, yana da matukar muhimmanci a shirya jigon tare da raspberries - daga arewa zuwa kudu. Ta wannan hanyar, bushes ɗin zai yi haske sosai duk rana.
A Siberiya, an fi shuka rasberi a tsaunuka.
A cikin matsanancin yanayin Siberiya, ya zama dole a kula da dumama wurare masu zafi don hunturu. An rufe bushesan da kayan da basu saka ba ko kuma an sanya matsugun busasshiyar iska a saman su.
Idan damina ta yi sanyi ko sanyin sanyi da wuri sun zo, dasa shuki a cikin yankin da ke da hatsari ya fi kyau a jinkirta har zuwa lokacin bazara, kuma a dasa shuki a gonar.
Kwanan nan, yawancin lambu suna son shuka raspberries akan rajistan ayyukan. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da sharar gida na itace, wanda aka sa a ƙasan maɓuɓɓugar. Bayan sun zubar da su da ruwa, suna ƙara ƙasa mai daɗi a saman kuma suna shuka tsirrai. Saukowa akan rajistan ayyukan yana samar da bushes tare da kyakkyawan malalewa tare da samar da ruwa lokaci daya. Rasberi yana ɗaukar 'ya'yan itace mai kyau kuma yana bada ƙarancin girma fiye da dasawa ta gargajiya.
Hanyar girma raspberries akan rajistan ayyukan yan kwanan nan ya zama tartsatsi tsakanin yan lambu
Bidiyo: dasa shuki a lokacin bazara a gadajen Rosum
Rasberi dasa a Ukraine
Specificayyadaddun kayan aikin rasberi a cikin Ukraine da kuma a kudancin Rasha sun kasance ne saboda yanayin yanayin - dumin, dusar ƙanƙara da farkon bazara mai zafi. A cikin watanni na hunturu, ba tare da murfin dusar ƙanƙara ba, tsire-tsire suna fama da yawan thaws, lokacin da ɓangaren sama yana farkawa, kuma tushen daskararre ba zai iya ba da ruwa ba. Hakanan a cikin lokacin dusar ƙanƙara, iska mai ƙarfi ta share mai tushe da tushe na ƙasa. A cikin bazara, a ƙarƙashin zafin rana, rassan sun bushe kuma suna toshi, ganye suna bushewa suna juya launin rawaya. Sabili da haka, a cikin yankuna na kudanci, an sanya buƙatu na musamman akan wurin shimfidar wurare.
Yanayin yanayin zafi na Ukraine ba ya isa ya sami wadataccen kayan gona na raspberries saboda rashin danshi a cikin ƙasa da fari. Rashin hazo ya keta wadataccen danshi na tsire-tsire, don haka kafin dasawa, ya kamata kuyi la'akari da tsarin ban ruwa. Don dasa shuki, nau'in Lyachka mai tsauri wanda ke da fari, fari da Syaivo da Kosmicheskaya da Princess.
Rasberi Lyachka ne mai fari haƙuri iri-iri, berries kar a gasa a rana, kada ka deteriorate
Ya kamata a sanya rasberi a cikin wani ɓoyayyen kusurwar gonar, rufe daga iska ta shinge, garken. Fiye da masana'antu shine ya fi dacewa a ƙarƙashin karɓar gandun daji.
A cikin Yankin Ukraine, yakamata a keɓe yankin da ke da tsabta don itacen bushes, amma wanda zai kasance a cikin inuwa aƙalla fewan awanni a rana, in ba haka ba za a dafa berries a rana, kuma harbe da ganyayyaki za su shuɗe. Ko kuma ƙirƙirar inuwa ta wucin gadi ga rasberi ta hanyar jan kayan da ba kayan adon ba.
A yankuna tare da yanayin zafi, raspberries ya kamata a girgiza
A cikin wurare masu bushe A cikin hunturu, dusar ƙanƙara ta tara a cikin waɗannan furrows, kuma a cikin danshi rani zai fi dacewa. A hankali, bayan lokutan 2-3, a sakamakon jeri-jeri tsakanin hanyoyin, shafin ya zage shi.
Bidiyo: dasa shuki na raspberries daga farko zuwa ƙarshe
Lokacin kwanciya rasberi a cikin lambu a cikin kaka, ya wajaba a sami lokaci don kammala aikin dasa kafin a fara yanayin sanyi. Lokacin dasawa, yakamata mutum yayi la'akari da yanayin yanayin yankin don ƙirƙirar yanayi mafi dacewa don tsirrai. Lokacin dasa shuki cikin lokaci tare da bin duk ka'idodin fasaha na aikin gona da ingantaccen hunturu sune tabbacin cewa a cikin kakar mai zuwa zaku iya samun amfanin gona na fure mai ƙanshi.
