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Matakan Strawberry Mataki-5: Kula da kwaro da rigakafin cutar

'Ya'yan itace, kamar kowane al'ada, suna buƙatar ayyukan da nufin ci gaba da bunƙasa, ɗayan ɗayan shine kula da bazara don cututtuka da kwari. Don wannan hanya don cin nasara, dole ne a yi amfani da kayan aikin da suka dace, ka kuma san kanka da ka'idodi na asali don amfanin su.

Me ya sa aiwatar da strawberries a cikin bazara

Tsarin bazara na strawberries shine yafi tallafawa da rigakafi a cikin yanayi, tunda yayin aiwatarwa ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da ƙwayoyi masu guba don kada su lalata amfanin gona na gaba. Koyaya, wannan taron bai kamata a bari ba, saboda jiyya ba wai kawai ya hana bayyanar cututtuka ba, har ma ya kasance wani ɓangare na gona don ciyawar bushes

Spring strawberry kayayyakin

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa da yawa waɗanda za ku iya ɗaukar matakan hana m strawberries a cikin bazara.

Amoniya

Ammonia ya shahara tsakanin yan lambu kuma ana amfani dashi azaman prophylactic akan kwari iri daban-daban (Mayu, tururuwa) da fungi.

Ana iya amfani da Ammonia ba wai kawai don rigakafin cututtukan strawberry ba, har ma a matsayin taki

Abun maganin: maganin sabulu (1 yanki, 72%), kwalban ammoniya (40 ml) da ruwa (10 l). Shiri kamar haka:

  1. Rub da sabulu a kan grater kuma zuba karamin adadin ruwan zãfi.
  2. Haɗa sabulu domin ya narke gaba ɗaya.
  3. Zuba bakin ruwa mai laushi na soapy a cikin guga na ruwa, hadawa koyaushe. Sabulu flakes bai kamata ya kasance cikin ruwa ba.
  4. Amara ammoniya a cikin ruwa mai soapy kuma haɗa komai.

Dole ne a yi amfani da maganin da aka shirya nan da nan, saboda ammoniya da sauri ta bushe. Suna zuba ba kawai strawberry ganye daga watering iya tare da SPRAY bututun ƙarfe, amma kuma ƙasa don cire kwaro larvae.

Kariya da aminci

Tunda ammoniya mai guba ce, yi hankali lokacin aiki tare dashi don kar cutar da lafiyar ku:

  • Kare fuskarka da abin rufe fuska ko mai ba da numfashi, da hannaye tare da safofin hannu na roba. Gwada kada ku bar wuraren da aka fallasa a jiki;
  • Idan za ta yiwu, aiwatar da dukkan ayyukan shirya a waje. Lokacin aiki a gida, buɗe windows don ƙara yawan iska. Idan kuna aiwatar da strawberries a cikin greenhouse, to, haka kuma kuyi wannan tare da ƙofofin a buɗe;
  • idan ammoniya ta sami fata, sai a wanke yankin da abin ya shafa da sabulu da ruwa. Idan ammoniya ta shiga ciki, to sai a sha gilashin madara. Tuntuɓi likita idan ya cancanta.

Jiyya na hanawa

Ana gudanar da jiyya tare da maganin ammoniya a matakai biyu.

Kafin amfani da kowane takin, saika sanyaya kayan gado tare da ruwan dumi.

Yi aikin jiyya na farko daga tsakiyar zuwa ƙarshen Afrilu, nan da nan bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke:

  1. Idan ba ku cire gado na gonar ba a cikin fall, sannan ku tsabtace tsofaffin ganye da ciyawa, da yanke bushes.
  2. Bi da su da ingantaccen bayani. Don fesawa, yana da kyau a yi amfani da fesa tare da buɗe manyan wurare don mafita ta zubo da sauri kuma barasa ba shi da lokacin ƙafewa.

Na biyu aiki ne da za'ayi daga marigayi Mayu zuwa farkon Yuni, nan da nan bayan da flowering na strawberries. Don mafita, ana buƙatar ƙara maida hankali na ammoniya - kawai biyu ko uku a kan lita 10 na ruwa mai dumi. Ana ba da shawarar hanya da za a yi da yamma ko a cikin hadari, don kada ku ƙone ganyen. Lura cewa a lokacin ripening berries don amfani da irin wannan bayani ba da shawarar, don haka kada ku yi shakka a sake aiwatarwa.

Blue vitriol

Sulfate jan karfe kayan aiki ne mai araha da inganci wanda aka yi nasarar amfani da shi wajen rigakafin cututtuka daban-daban na strawberries (scab, launin toka mai guba, mildew powdery, spotting), kazalika a cikin sarrafa kwari. Don dalilai na prophylactic, ana amfani da maganin kashi ɗaya. Dole ne a aiwatar da aiwatarwa a farkon ko tsakiyar Afrilu, har sai ganye sun bayyana a kan strawberries.

Lu'ulu'u na sulfate suna da launin shuɗi mai haske.

Abinda ke ciki na mafita: 100 g na jan karfe na tagulla, 10 l na ruwa. Wannan adadin kayan masarufi ya isa don shirya mafita wanda aka tsara don aiki a cikin bishiyoyi 25-30. Yi maganin ta wannan hanyar:

  1. A cikin ɗan adadin zafi, amma ba ruwan zãfi ba, ana narkar da foda har sai an narkar da shi gaba ɗaya.
  2. Sakamakon cakuda da aka cakuda shi da ruwa mai ɗaci saboda an sami maganin 10 l.

Yi amfani da maganin nan da nan bayan shiri. Idan ya cancanta, sake feshin da strawberries bayan makonni 2-3. Ana aiwatar da aikin ne da yamma ko a cikin gajimare, yanayin kwantar da hankula, don kada a ƙona ganye da ke fitowa.

Baƙin ƙarfe

Hakanan ana amfani da nasarar mai amfani da tsire-tsire cikin nasara cikin gonar lambu. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana amfani dashi azaman maganin kashe kwari don ƙasa akan gadajen strawberry. Tare da taimakon wannan miyagun ƙwayoyi, ana iya hana bayyanar anthracnose, launin toka mai ruɓi, ƙaramin ƙamshi da ƙamshi mai ƙwari.

Lu'ulu'u na lu'ulu'u mai launin kore ne mai launin kore.

Abinda ke ciki na mafita don maganin ƙasa: 400 g na foda, 10 l na ruwa. Tare da wannan maganin, kuna buƙatar aiwatar da gado 5-7 kwanaki kafin dasa shuki bushes bushes a kanta, zuba 4-5 a kowace rami 1. An shirya kayan aikin kamar haka:

  1. Foda an narke a cikin lita 1 na ruwan zafi har sai an narkar da jabu.
  2. Sakamakon cakuda da aka cakuda shi an haɗe shi da ruwan zafi domin a samu maganin 10 l.

Idan kuna son aiwatar da dasa shuki a cikin bushes, to zaku buƙaci maganin ƙananan taro. Yana da mahimmanci a sami lokaci don aiwatarwa kafin bayyanar kore ganye a kan strawberry, don haka ana aiwatar da wannan hanya daga farkon zuwa tsakiyar Afrilu.

Abun ciki: 30 g na foda, 10 l na ruwa, hanyar shirya iri ɗaya ce. Ruwa cikin ƙasa kewaye da strawberry bushes.

Ruwan zãfi

Kamar yadda masu lura da lambu suka lura, yin amfani da ruwan zãfi hanya ce mai aminci don magance ticks, nematodes da spores fungal.

Ana bi da Strawberries tare da ruwan zãfi daga ƙarshen Maris zuwa tsakiyar Afrilu, lokacin da ganyen ganye bai bayyana ba tukuna akan bushes:

  1. Zafafa ruwan kusan a tafasa.
  2. Sa'an nan ku zuba shi a cikin ruwa mai sanyi na iya shawa tare da ruwan wanka.
  3. Watering da plantings. 0.5 l na ruwa ya isa daji guda.

Kada ku ji tsoron cewa kuna ƙona shuka: lokacin da ruwa ya hau kansa, zazzabi zai zama 65-70 game daC, a kan isa ga tushen - 30 game daC.

Urea

Urea shine mafi kyau da aka sani da taki ma'adinai, amma kuma ana iya amfani dashi don kula da sassan sassan m strawberries don kawar da aphids, tinnitsa, weevils, da kuma kare bushes daga tabo da scab.

Ana amfani da Urea a matsayin wakili na kariya daga kwari da cututtuka na strawberries

Abun da mafita: 30-40 g na urea, 10 l na ruwa. Urea an narkar da shi cikin ruwa har sai an narkar da shi gaba ɗaya. Feshi ne yawanci ana aiwatar da shi kafin bayyanuwar kore ganye - daga farko zuwa tsakiyar watan Afrilu.

Iodine

Iodine ana amfani dashi fiye da ɗaya ƙarni na lambu a matsayin prophylactic da powdery mildew da Mayu larvae. Ana aiwatar da aiwatarwa daga tsakiyar Afrilu zuwa farkon Mayu, koyaushe a gaban fure na strawberries.

Yi amfani da aidin lokacin sarrafa strawberries tare da taka tsantsan don kada ku cutar da shuka

A abun da ke ciki na bayani: 10 saukad da aidin, lita 1 na madara, lita 10 na ruwa. Ana aiwatar da sarrafawa mafi kyau da maraice ko a cikin yanayin hadari.

Wasu majiyoyi sun yi gargadin cewa yin amfani da aidin na iya yin illa ga abin da ya shafi ƙasa. Hawayenta mai guba suna tarawa a cikin shuka kanta, gami da 'ya'yan itatuwa, don haka kar a aiwatar da maganin iodine da kayan miya a kai a kai kuma kar a yi amfani da ingantaccen bayani.

Bidiyo: Maganin aidin Strawberry

Boric acid

Yawanci, ana amfani da maganin boric acid don hana cututtuka irin su tushen tushe da ƙwayoyin cuta. Bugu da kari, 'yan lambu da ke amfani da wannan kayan aikin suna da'awar cewa yana taimaka wajen samar da amfanin gona.

Yin amfani da boric acid yana haɓaka yawan ƙwayar strawberry

Abinda ke ciki na maganin: 1 g na boric acid (foda), 10 l na ruwa. Yi wani bayani kamar haka:

  1. Ruwan zafi zuwa 60-70 game daC - granules ba su narke a cikin ruwan sanyi.
  2. An zubar da Granules na boric acid a cikin akwati kuma a gauraya sosai.
  3. Ana shayar da shisha a ƙarƙashin tushe (300 ml na bayani ya ishe shuka ɗaya) kuma yayyafa ƙasa tare da bakin ciki na ash.

Ana iya aiwatar da sarrafawa daga tsakiyar Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar Mayu.

Kada a dauke ku ta amfani da wannan kayan aiki: kwararru sun lura cewa yawan aiki da kayan miya na yau da kullun na iya haifar da mutuwar bishiyar strawberry da lalacewar ganyayyaki (sun juya launin rawaya sun zama convex a tsakiyar).

Bishiyar kwari da matakan sarrafawa

Gudun ruwa na bazara na strawberries zai taimaka wajen magance mafi yawan kwari na lambun.

Weevil

Weevil kwaro ne mai yaduwar ƙwayar cuta. Wannan karamin kwaro mai launin toka-mai iya haifar da mummunar lalacewa ga amfanin gona: masana sun ce ciyayi da goron ya shafa na ba da kashi 40% ƙasa da waɗanda ke da lafiya.

Weevil yana buge da fure-fure na fure-fure, don haka kasancewar sa akan gado na iya hana amfanin gona gaba daya

Weevils ba su shawo kan berries ɗin da kansu ba, amma furannin fure, saboda haka ko da kwayayen ƙwayoyin ba za su iya bayyana a kan ƙwayar da aka kamu ba.

Don magance wannan kwaro sau da yawa amfani da waɗannan kayan aikin:

  • Maganin mustard (100 g na mustard foda an haɗe shi da 3 l na ruwan zafi);
  • maganin ash-sabulu (40 g na sabulu na wanki, kilogiram na ash da 10 l na ruwa an hade);
  • shirye-shirye na musamman (Karbofos, Atellix, Metaphos).

Kuna buƙatar aiwatar da aiki sau biyu:

  1. Lokaci na farko shine a cikin bazara, kwanaki 5 kafin farkon fure (yawanci wannan yana faruwa a ƙarshen Mayu ko farkon Yuni).
  2. A karo na biyu - a lokacin rani a farkon makonni biyu na watan Yuni.

Bidiyo: murhun katako na murhun itace

Buga

'Ya'yan itace, da gizo-gizo gizo-gizo sukan sha ciyawar itace.

Strawberry mite

Wannan kwaro ne kadan, saboda haka ba ku da alama a lura da shi a kan strawberry bushes. Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka suna tabbatar da kasancewar sa: wrinkling na ganye da kuma sayan su na launin rawaya, rage yawan amfanin ƙasa. Bugu da kari, da abin ya shafa bushes rasa su hardiness kuma mai yiwuwa ba tsira da hunturu.

Alamar lalacewar daji iri tare da m strawberry mite shine kasancewar bulges a cikin ganyayyaki

Kulawar bazara daga wannan kwaro a cikin hanyoyi da yawa ana aiwatar da su daga farkon Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar Mayu:

  1. Boiled ruwa ana bi da shi a farkon ko a tsakiyar Afrilu. Ingantaccen ruwan zafin jiki - 65 game daC, rarar kudi - 0.5 l na ruwa kowace daji.
  2. Spraying tare da mayar da hankali albasa jiko ne da za'ayi daga marigayi Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar May, lokacin da ganye bayyana a kan strawberries:
    • jiƙa 200 g da albasa kwasfa a cikin 1 lita na ruwan zãfi kuma nace don 5 kwanaki.
    • sannan ƙara lita 9 na ruwa mai ɗumi da shurawa daga bindigar da aka fesa, ana ba da kulawa ta musamman a cikin ganyayyaki - kashin galibi yana ɓoye a wurin;
    • bayan aiwatarwa, rufe gado tsawon awoyi tare da fim;
    • maimaita magani sau 2-3 a kowace kwana 10.
  3. Ana aiwatar da tsari tare da shirye-shirye na musamman (alal misali, Karbofos) har sai strawberries sun fara yin fure:
    • shirya miyagun ƙwayoyi bisa ga umarni da aiwatar da shukokin, ciki har da gefen ciki na ganyayyaki;
    • don ingantaccen aiki, an kuma rufe fim ɗin da fim.

Spider mite

Kamar sauran ticks, gizo-gizo gizo zai yi ƙanana kuma sabili da haka kusan ganuwa. Alamun lalacewar daji ta wannan kwaro sune kasancewar fararen tabo a gefen ganyen da kuma gizo gizo gizo gizo wanda ke gudana daga tushe zuwa cikin ganyayyaki. Bugu da kari, inji ya raunana kuma ya rasa karfin ikon yin tsayayya da sauran cututtukan. Wannan yana da haɗari musamman saboda gizo-gizo gizo ne mai ɗaukar cututtukan cututtuka (musamman, rot rot).

Saboda gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, masu amfani da strawberries suna rasa ikon yin tsayayya da kamuwa da cuta

Ana aiwatar da aikin bazara daga tsakiyar Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar Mayu kuma ya haɗa da hanyoyin masu zuwa:

  1. Spraying tare da kashi ɗaya na maganin farin sulfate.
  2. Sarrafa albasa ko tafarnuwa jiko:
    • yankakken 100-200 g albasa ko tafarnuwa ana zuba 10 l na mai tsanani zuwa 70 game daDaga ruwa;
    • nace yayin rana;
    • sa’an nan aka fesa bushes daga bindiga na feshin ruwa;
    • rufe tsawon sa'o'i da fim;
    • maimaita magani sau 2-3 a kowane kwanaki 10.
  3. Spraying tare da bayani da albasa husks (tattalin su a cikin kamar yadda ga aiki da strawberry mites).
  4. Jiko magani tare da jan zafi barkono:
    • yankakken 100 g na busassun barkono, zuba 1 lita na ruwan zãfi kuma nace don awanni 2-3;
    • sannan a tsayar da lita 9 na ruwan dumi;
    • aiwatar da shukar;
    • rufe gado tsawon sa'o'i da fim;
    • aiwatar da aiki sau 2-3 tare da tazara tsakanin kwanaki 10.
  5. Amfani da shiri na musamman na Karbofos (shawarwari iri daya ne da na kan ciyawar strawberry).

Bidiyo: sarrafa strawberries daga firam

Pennitsa

Idan kumfa ya bayyana a cikin bishiyoyin ku, mai kama da tofa, wannan wata alama ce cewa an shafa strawberries ta hanyar pennies. Ba a dauki kwaro da haɗari sosai ba, amma kasancewar sa shima yana haifar da rauni ga tsiro da raguwar yawan amfanin sa.

A cikin kumfa taro ne dinari larvae

Kuna buƙatar aiwatar da bushes a lokacin daga farkon Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar Mayu. Irin waɗannan kayan aikin sun dace:

  • potassium permanganate bayani (narke 5 g na foda a cikin 10 l na ruwa mai tsanani zuwa 70 game daC)
  • jiko na tafarnuwa (wanda aka shirya da kuma amfani dashi bisa ga ƙa'idodin general);
  • shiri na musamman Karbofos (yi amfani da umarnin).

Yi ƙoƙari ka kula da mayar da hankali sosai ga bayan ganyen, kamar yadda alkalami ke ɓoye a wurin.

Chafer

Bishiyar bishiyar Strawberry sau da yawa tana fama da kwaro na Mayu. Larvae na wannan kwari suna zaune a cikin ƙasa suna ciyarwa a kan tushen strawberries, don haka shuka ya raunana kuma ya bushe, wanda ke nufin yana rage yawan amfanin sa.

Wataƙila lardin beetan ƙwaro ya zauna a cikin ƙasa a zurfin 50-60 cm kuma ya lalata tushen strawberry

Don hana wannan, daga ƙarshen Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar Mayu, ya wajaba don aiwatar da gadaje. Don wannan taron, yi amfani da waɗannan kayan aikin:

  1. Amoniya. Shirya mafita (0.5 tablespoons na ammoniya + lita 10 na ruwa) kuma zube gonar da kyau.
  2. Albasa kwasfa:
    • zuba 100 g albasa husks 1 lita na ruwan zãfi, tsarma a cikin lita 9 na ruwa mai ɗumi kuma nace don kwanaki 3-5;
    • kafin aiwatarwa, tsarma mafita a cikin rabin tare da ruwa kuma zuba bushes a ƙarƙashin tushe;
    • Zemlin, Barguzin da sauran magunguna waɗanda ke ɗauke da diazinon - ƙwayar ƙasa kaɗai - bisa ga umarnin.
  3. Mulching. Don ciyawa, yi amfani da sawdust ko litter lilin tare da Layer na aƙalla cm 5. Amma ka lura cewa ana aiwatar da mulching na musamman don dalilai na hanawa. Idan akwai kwari a cikin ƙasa, to, da farko dole ne ku hallaka su, sannan ku zuba ciyawa.

Bidiyo: ikon sarrafa lardin Maybug

Gudun ruwa na bazara na strawberries wani muhimmin lamari ne wanda zai taimaka wajan magance matsaloli da yawa game da lafiya da haɓaka tsirranku. Idan ka bi dukkan shawarwari da shawarwari zaka tabbatarwa kanka da amfanin gona mai inganci.

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