F1 Fiesta Broccoli: Abin da kuke Bukatar Ku sani game da Haɓakawar Nono

Broccoli - mafi kusancin "dangi" na farin kabeji, wanda ya daɗe kuma ya samu nasarar girma ta hanyar lambu na Rasha. Dangane da dandano da fa'idodi na kiwon lafiya, ya wuce al'ada ta al'ada, amma har yanzu broccoli yana nesa da shahararsa, duk da cewa ba ta da ƙarancin sanyi da daskarewa. Masu shayarwa suna kwantar da sabbin dabbobin tare da ingantattun abubuwa. Daga cikinsu akwai broccoli Fiesta F1, wanda ya bayyana a kasuwa a ƙarshen karni na ashirin.

Menene Fiesta F1 broccoli yayi kama?

Fiesta F1 wani mashahurin broccoli matasan ne na duniya, asalin shine sanannen kamfanin Dutch wanda Bejo Zaden B. V. hybridan tseren ya shiga cikin Rajistar Gwamnatin Rasha a ƙarshen karni na 20. An ba da shawarar yin namo a cikin shirye shiryen lambun mutum ba tare da tantance takamaiman yanki ba.

Theasar mahaifar broccoli ita ce gaɓar Tekun Bahar Rum. Haka kuma, an samu nasarar bunkasa shi a sararin samaniya bayan Soviet. Ko da ƙananan ƙwayoyin matasa ba su yin barazanar mutuwa yayin da yawan zafin jiki ya sauka zuwa -10ºС. Mafi kyawun alamar alama don ci gabanta shine 18-24ºС. A sakamakon haka, ana iya noma broccoli ba wai kawai a yankin Turai na Rasha ba, har ma a cikin Urals, Siberiya, da Gabas mai nisa. Al'adar tana nuna wani yanayi na “filastik”, yana kawo amfanin gona zuwa nesa daga yanayin yanayi mai kyau koyaushe. Kuma doguwar ruwa sama da ita yana amfana da ita. Broccoli ya dace sosai don danshi mai zafi da abin canzawa. An kara lokacin fruiting idan aka kwatanta da wasu nau'in kabeji - daga kowace shuka zaka iya samun ɗaya, amma biyu ko uku.

F1 Fiesta broccoli shine sabon tsari wanda ya riga ya sami daraja a duk duniya a tsakanin lambu

Broccoli, kamar farin kabeji, yana amfani da inflorescences azaman abinci. Kodayake abincin Rum na amfani da mai tushe. Suna girma a cikin “bunch”, mai matukar yawa, da ɗan abin tunawa da bishiyar asparagus ko wake. Yanke su lokacin da suka girma zuwa 13-16 cm.

Fiesta F1 wani tsintsiya madaidaiciya ce. Daga dasa shuki a cikin gado na seedlingsan itacen zuwa yankan kai yana ɗaukar kwanaki 75-80. Itatuwa na da matukar karfi, rosette kamar an zazzage shi. Ganyen yana da kore mai launin shuɗi-shudi mai haske, elongated, ɗan dan kadan. Fuskokinsu a ɗan “ƙanƙanuwa ne”, “maƙala”. Tsawon kanti ya kai 90 cm, diamita na kai shine 12-15 cm.

Matsakaicin nauyin wannan broccoli shine 600-800 g, kuma ana samun samfuran mutane masu nauyin kilogram 1.2-1.5. A sifa, mafi yawanci ana walƙiya sauƙi, kodayake yana iya kusan zagaye, matsakaici "bututu". Launi - kore mai duhu tare da launin toka-mai haske. Bai dace a jinkirta lokacin girbi ba - broccoli ya dace da abinci kawai har sai furanni sun toho (buds sun yi rawaya).

Ba a nuna godiya ga F1 Fiesta broccoli saboda ƙyalli da bayyanar ta

Inflorescences ne mai yawa, m, palatability cancanci kawai rave sake bita. Ta hanyar rajista na Federationungiyar Tarayyar Rasha wannan matasan ana bada shawarar don amfani a dafa abinci na gida. Gourmets da kwalliyar kwalliyar kwalliya sun lura da taushin dandano na musamman da ƙoshin lafiya mai sauƙi.

Fiesta F1 broccoli inflorescences ne mai yawa, mai tushe kuma za a iya ci

Daga cikin damar da ba a tabbatar da ita ba sunadaran Fiesta F1 shine kasancewar “baƙi” rigakafi ga irin wannan cutar ta al'ada-mai haɗari kamar fusarium. Yana tabbataccen yana kawo yawan amfanin ƙasa game da 3-3.5 kg / m² (ko kilo 240-350 a kowace kadada), duk da irin sa'ar da mai gidan yake yayi da yanayin bazara. Ana samun irin waɗannan alamun ne saboda gaskiyar cewa bayan yankan babban kai, ɓangarorin gefen suna farawa. Su, haƙiƙa, sun fi ƙanƙanta, amma wannan ba ya shafar dandano. Wata matasan sanannu ne saboda ingancin tsarewar, ɗaukar hoto da kuma gabatarwar ta waje.

An kafa shugabannin kusoshin Fiesta F1 broccoli a kan mai tushe waɗanda aka bar a gonar bayan babban amfanin gona

Kamar kowane nau'in broccoli, Fiesta F1 tana da ƙoshin lafiya. An kwatanta shi da ƙarancin kalori, amma a lokaci guda, darajar abinci mai gina jiki da babban abun ciki na bitamin da ma'adanai masu mahimmanci ga mutum. Na musamman bayanin kula shine kasancewar bitamin B, C (fiye da citta), E, ​​A, K, PP da U, haka ma potassium, magnesium, aidin, alli, phosphorus, baƙin ƙarfe, zinc, jan ƙarfe, selenium. Bugu da kari, broccoli na da wadatar fiber, sunadarai, amino acid (gami da mahimmanci). Duk wannan yana sauƙaƙe ta jiki. Idan aka yi amfani da wannan kabeji a matsayin abinci na gefen abinci, yana taimakawa wajen narke abinci mai nauyi.

Masana ilimin abinci suna ba da shawara ga cin broccoli don kowane nau'in ciwon sukari. An tabbatar da shi a kimiyance cewa yana taimakawa rage matakan insulin da sukari jini, tsaftace tasoshin jini na cholesterol “plaques”. Hakanan ana buƙata ta waɗanda waɗanda ke dawwama a cikin yankuna ba tare da ilimin halin kirki ba. Wannan kabeji yana taimakawa wajen cire gubobi, da gubobi, har ma da tarin ƙwayoyi masu nauyi da na rediyo a jiki.

Ruwan kwalliya wanda aka matse shi sosai shine ɗakunan ajiya na bitamin da ma'adanai, ana iya haɗe shi da karas da / ko apple

Zai fi kyau a ci sabo Fccta F1 broccoli. Aiki ya nuna cewa tare da tsawan lokaci dafa abinci ko soya a kan wuta a cikin adadin mai, kusan duk fa'idodi suna shuɗewa. Hakanan za'a iya dafa shi da gasa.

Magungunan stewed da gasa suna da kyau sosai ga lafiya, amma ba a ba da shawarar dafa shi a cikin obin na lantarki

Broccoli shine samfurin hypoallergenic. Yana da amfani sosai ga mata masu juna biyu, saboda yana ƙunshe da folic acid a adadi mai yawa, da ƙananan yara. Broccoli puree ya dace sosai don fara ciyarwa.

Broccoli ana amfani dashi sosai ta masana'antun abinci na yara, amma dankalin turawa za'a iya yin su a gida.

Bidiyo: Menene broccoli mai kyau ga?

Hanyar saukowa da kuma shirya shi

Don gado tare da broccoli, an zaɓi wurin buɗewa da hasken rana. Yana da kyau cewa daga arewa daga gushin iska mai sanyi zai iya kiyaye shi ta wani shingen halitta ko na wucin gadi, ba tare da samar da inuwa ba. Mafi kyawun magabata na wannan amfanin gona sune ciyawar kore, dankalin turawa, wake, albasa, da tafarnuwa. Kuma bayan wasu nau'ikan kabeji, Cruciferous, ana iya shuka shi a baya fiye da shekaru 4-5.

Broccoli yana son wuraren buɗe rana, amma ba ya amsa da kyau zuwa raƙuman zafi mai tsawo.

Ilasa Fiesta F1 ta fi son abinci mai gina jiki, amma mara nauyi, mai dacewa ga ruwa da iska. M loam ko sandy loam ya dace da ita. Foda aka hada da yumbuka a madadin hasken wuta sosai lokacin shirya gadaje, da yashi zuwa nauyi. Don haɓaka ƙwayar ƙasa, an gabatar da humus ko takin da aka tumɓuke (lita 6-9 a s / m gado). Na takin - mai sauki superphosphate da potassium sulfate (bi da bi 40-50 g da 25-30 g a 1 p / m). Ga waɗanda suka fi son takwarorinsu na halitta zuwa takin ma'adinai, akwai wani zaɓi - ɓataccen itacen ash (0.5 l can). Dukkanin ayyukanda aka shirya tun daga faduwar.

Ash ash itace asalin halitta na phosphorus da potassium

Broccoli ba zai yi girma a cikin ƙasa mai acidic ba. Lokacin da pH ba ta dace da kewayon 6.0-7.0 ba, ana rarraba gari mai dolomite, ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwai ko lemun tsami a kan gado yayin aiwatar da tono. Abu ne wanda ba a ke so don ruwan karkashin kasa ya kusanto zuwa saman sama da mita ba. In ba haka ba, Tushen tsirrai na iya fara lalacewa.

Dolomite gari - ba shi da sakamako masu illa lokacin da aka rage girman matakin

Kusan a ko'ina cikin Rasha ana yin amfani da broccoli ta shuka. Wannan yana ba ku damar samun amfanin gona makonni 2-3 cikin sauri. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin Urals da Siberiya, ba shi yiwuwa a faɗi abin da lokacin bazara zai kasance da yanayin yanayi. Wataƙila shugabannin kawai basu da isasshen lokacin tsufa.

Don seedlings ya juya ya zama mai ƙarfi da lafiya, shirye-shiryen iri iri ya zama tilas. Da farko, ana tsoma su na kwata na awa daya a cikin ruwa mai zafi (40-45 ° C) kuma nan da nan na da yawa a cikin ruwan sanyi. Don guje wa bayyanar fungi pathogenic a nan gaba, dama kafin dasa shuki, ana tsoma tsaba zuwa tsawon awanni 6-8 a cikin maganin maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta itace, jiko na ash ko kuma kwata na awa ɗaya ana riƙe su a cikin mafita na kowane ƙwayar cuta ta asalin halitta (Alirin-B, Baikal-EM, Ridomil-Gold) , Bayleton). Bayan haka, ana wanke tsaba a ƙarƙashin rafin tsabtataccen ruwan sanyi kuma yana bushewa zuwa jihar friable.

Domin zuriyar broccoli pre-dasa shirye-shiryen

Hakanan ana kiranta farjin warkewa, amma ana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo. Ana sanya tsaba a cikin akwati tare da yashi rigar ko peat. Tsawon mako guda da dare, an tsabtace ta a cikin firiji, kuma a cikin ranar ana kiyaye ta a wuri mafi ɗumi a cikin ɗakin. Swararren taga na taga yana fuskantar kudu ya dace, misali.

Sprouts na broccoli tsaba, idan preplanting da za'ayi da kyau, ba kyawawan da sauri

Shuka shuka ya biyo bayan waɗannan algorithm:

1. Cupsan ƙaramin filastik ko tukwane na peat sun cika ƙasa. Broccoli yana ɗaukar talauci; ganye mai kazanta da tushen sa galibi suna fama da wahala. Tsarin saukar da magudanan ruwa wajibi ne a kasan. Ya dace kamar yadda aka sayi ƙasa don shuka, da kuma cakuda da aka shirya da kansu. Kabeji na son sako-sako da keɓaɓɓen abinci, don haka ga seedlings za ku iya ɗaukar humus ko takin da aka juya, peat da yashi (ɓangaren ƙarshe shine sau uku ƙasa da na farko). Usefularin amfani mai ƙari an murƙushe alli ko ɗanyen carbon da aka kunna cikin foda (tablespoon na lita uku na man da kansa ya shirya). Dole ne a lalata kowane ƙasa. Kafin dasawa, ana shayar da canjin a cikin kwantena.
2. Ana shuka tsaba Broccoli a cikin tukwane na guda 2-3. Har sai sun shuka, an bar kwandon a cikin duhu duhu a zazzabi na 17-20ºС. Don ƙirƙirar "sakamako na greenhouse", suna sanya gilashi a saman ko shimfiɗa fim ɗin.
3. Da zaran an shuka iri, sai a cire “mafaka”, a samar da withayoyi tare da hasken rana, aƙalla aƙalla awanni 10-12 (aƙalla 14-16 hours) kuma a rage zafin jiki zuwa 14-16ºС a cikin rana da 10-12ºС da dare. Don haske, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da phytolamps na musamman ko fitilun LED. Suna a 20-25 cm sama da kwantena a wani kusurwa kaɗan. A cikin lokaci na ganye na gaske na biyu, ana aiwatar da ƙin yarda, yana barin kowane tukunya ɗayan mafi ƙarfi da haɓaka seedling. Sauran suna a hankali ko a yanka.
4. Carearin kulawa da shuka shine yin ruwa da takin. Kamar kowane kabeji, broccoli al'ada ce mai ƙaunar danshi, don haka ma'adinan ya narke da zaran an yanke ganyen. Amma ba za ku iya cika seedlings. A cikin ƙasa mai jika, mai kama da fadama, haɓakar "ƙafafun baƙi" ya fi ƙarfin yiwuwa. Wannan cuta mai haɗari na iya hana mai shuki kayan amfanin gona zuwa yanzu. Ruwan ruwa uku zuwa hudu a kowane mako yawanci sun isa. Kowane lokaci bayansa dakin yana samun iska. Ana ciyar da Broccoli kwanaki 12-15 bayan fitowar kuma bayan wani sati 1.5. A karo na farko, ana daukar 2 g na potash da nitrogen da 4 g na takin phosphorus a kowace lita na ruwa, a karo na biyu, adadin su ya ninka. Mako guda kafin a dasa shuki, ana baza bishiyoyin bishiyoyi tare da maganin urea ko kuma wani ƙwayar nitrogen da ke ƙunshe (3-4 g / l).
5. 7-10 kwanaki kafin dasawa zuwa gonar, broccoli seedlings fara taurara. Na farko, zaku iya bude taga kawai na 'yan awanni ko kuma ku kwashe kwantena a kan shimfidar kankara, baranda. A ƙarshen wannan lokacin, kabeji ya rigaya "yana bacci" akan titi.

Bidiyo: dabbobin bishiyoyi masu girma

Lingsa Seedan da ke shirye don dasawa a cikin ƙasa suna da ganyayyaki na gaske na 6-8 kuma sun kai tsawo na 15-20 cm. Kwananta yakai kwana 35-40. Da mazan da seedlings, da muni kuma ya fi dacewa da shi saba da sabon yanayin rayuwa. Fiesta F1 shine farkon tsakiyar matasan, saboda haka ana shuka tsaba don seedlings a farkon kwanaki goma na Afrilu, kuma ana tura seedlings zuwa gonar a watan Mayu. A cikin manufa, seedlings na iya jure sanyi har zuwa -10 ° C, amma ya fi kyau kada a haɗari amfanin gona mai zuwa. Gardenerswararrun lambu suna shuka shi sau da yawa a tsaka-tsakin mako guda da rabi don shimfiɗa lokacin girbi.

Lokacin dasa shuki broccoli seedlings a cikin ƙasa, dole ne su tsayayya da tazara tsakanin tsirrai

Kowane tsire-tsire yana buƙatar isasshen sarari don abinci mai gina jiki, an sanya su a kan gado tare da tazara na kimanin cm 40. Gibin tsakanin layuka na broccoli shine 50-60 cm, ana dasawa cikin 'yan seedlings. Wannan zai taimaka wajen “rufe” sauka.

Don saukowa zaɓi rana mai sanyi mai sanyi. Ko ku ciyar dashi a ƙarshen yamma, lokacin da rana ta faɗi. Zurfin ramin shine 10-14 cm. A kasan sanya dintsi na humus, kamar wata pinches na itace ash ko crushed alli, a ɗan albasa husk (yana tsoratar da mafi yawan karin kwari a cikin ƙasa). Da kyau an zubar sosai da ruwa domin a dasa broccoli a cikin “laka”.

Kara an rufe duniya zuwa mafi ƙanƙanin ganye. Lingsauren da aka girma a cikin tukwane na peat ana shuka su kai tsaye tare da akwati, sauran ana ɗauka daga cikin akwati tare da dunƙule na ƙura a kan Tushen Zai zama da sauƙin yin hakan idan an zubar da abin da ke ƙasa da rabin sa'a kafin aikin. Bayan dasa, broccoli kuma ana shayar da ruwa mai yawa, yana kashe kimanin lita na ruwa a kowace shuka. A bu mai kyau zuwa ciyawa gonar. Wannan zai kare ƙasa daga matsanancin zafi kuma yana taimakawa riƙe danshi a ciki.

Mulching yana taimakawa riƙe da danshi a cikin ƙasa kuma yana adana lokacin mai shukar

A cikin yankuna na Kudancin Rasha, inda sauyin yanayi yake da yawan gaske, ana iya dasa bishiyoyin Fiesta F1 nan da nan a cikin lambun, wucewa da matakin seedling. Anan, kuma, bazai yiwu a guji shirye-shiryen iri iri ba. Kwana 5-7 kafin a aiwatar da aikin, dole ne a tozartar da ƙasa a kan shimfiɗa tare da mafita daga kowace fungicide. Kuna iya amfani da samfuran ingantattu da aka tabbatar da ƙarni ɗaya na lambu (Bordeaux ruwa, vitriol), da ƙarin magunguna na zamani (Topaz, Skor, Horus, Raek, KhOM da sauransu).

An shuka tsaba, suna manne da wannan makirci wanda aka ba da shawarar don seedlings, fewan guda a kowane rami, binne ba fiye da 1.5-2 cm ba sannan an yayyafa su da humus. An kulle gado tare da fim ɗin filastik baƙar fata kafin fitowar ta.

Broccoli seedlings samu daga tsaba shuka a cikin bude ƙasa ana buƙatar na bakin ciki fita

Kula da seedlings kusan iri ɗaya ne da na seedlings da aka girma a gida. Amma akwai wasu bambance-bambance. Broccoli a cikin lokaci na ganye na gaskiya na biyu dole ne a bi da shi tare da duk wani shiri da ya dace don kare shi daga ƙararrakin kisa. Wannan kwaro na gama gari na duk caukakar Jima'i baya ƙin karɓar tsariki. Kuma lokacin da aka kafa ganye 3-4, a hankali zuba ƙasa a gindi daga tushe don kada bushes ɗin ya faɗi. Matasa harbe suna kula da hasken rana kai tsaye, don haka an rufe su da rassan spruce, tsoffin buloguna ko katako na wucin gadi na kowane sutura ta farin launi an gina shi akan gonar. Hakanan ana bada shawarar rufe seedlings har sai ya ɗauki tushe a cikin sabon wuri kuma ya fara girma.

M mahimmancin kulawar amfanin gona

Broccoli ba shi da buƙata sosai a cikin kulawa fiye da farin kabeji, kodayake saboda wasu dalilai ana daukar al'adun gargajiyance masu kyawu. Ya bambanta ba kawai a cikin juriya na sanyi ba, har ma da iyawarsa don daidaita da yanayin yanayi mara kyau. A zahiri, kula da shi ya sauko zuwa ruwa na yau da kullun da hadi. Tabbas, an tsabtace gado a kai a kai na ciyayi, kuma an kwance ƙasa zuwa zurfin cm cm 8. Dole ne a yi wannan a hankali, tushen tushen broccoli na sama ne. Zai fi dacewa, ana yin loosening kowane lokaci bayan shayarwa, kimanin awa daya daga baya, lokacin da danshi ke tunawa. Kamar yadda ya cancanta, ƙara sabo ciyawa zuwa sashin tushen - humus, peat marmashi, ciyawa mai yankan ciyawa.

Watse

Kamar kowane nau'in kabeji, broccoli yana son ruwa.Amma ba zai yiwu a cika shi ba, don kada a tsokani cigaban rot. Idan zazzabi (18-24ºС) ya gamsu da al'adun, zai isa kowane kwana 2-3. A cikin zafi, ana shayar da broccoli kullun ko ma sau biyu a rana. A maraice, lokacin da rana ta faɗi, har yanzu kuna iya fesa ganye.

Broccoli yana buƙatar maimaitawa da yalwataccen watering, wannan ya shafi duka seedlings da seedlings, da tsire-tsire na girma

Needsasa tana buƙatar rub da ruwa mai zurfin 15-18 cm. Zai fi kyau ruwa broccoli ta hanyar yayyafa ko shirya ban ruwa na ruwa. Idan kuka zuba ruwa kai tsaye a ƙarƙashin tushen, an fallasa su kuma bushe.

Aikace-aikacen taki

Daga takin zamani, al'ada tana fifita kwayoyin halitta. A karo na farko da aka gabatar dasu kwanaki 12-15 bayan an tura bishiyoyin gonar zuwa gonar ko kuma a baya bayan kwanaki 20-25 bayan an shuka iri. Ana shayar da tsire-tsire tare da jiko na sabo na dabbar saniya, droppings tsuntsaye, ganye na nettle ko Dandelion. Bisa manufa, za'a iya amfani da duk wata ciyawa da ke tsiro akan makircin. An shirya jiko a cikin kwantena a ƙarƙashin rufin rufe don kwanaki 3-4 (idan yana a rana, to ko da sauri). Bayan bayyanar warin halayyar, an tace shi kuma a tsabtace shi da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1: 8. Idan aka yi amfani da tsinkayen tsuntsu azaman albarkatun kasa, ana bukatar ruwa sau biyu.

Nettle jiko - takin gargajiya wanda ya ƙunshi nitrogen, phosphorus da potassium dole don haɓakar broccoli

Lokaci na biyu broccoli yana ciyar da wasu kwanakin 15-20. Yi amfani da takin mai ɗauke da nitrogen (urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate) a cikin bushe bushe ko azaman bayani - 12-15 g a kowace lita 10 na ruwa. Bayan haka, ba a gabatar da nitrogen ba. Yawan wuce haddi na motsa broccoli don gina taro mai yawa zuwa kore mai lalata ci gaban inflorescences. A jijiyoyin da ke cikin ganyayyaki sun yi kauri, nitrates mai cutarwa suna tara su kuma a cikin mai tushe.

Urea, kamar sauran takin mai magani na nitrogen, yana motsa broccoli don gina taro mai yawa, saboda haka yana da matukar muhimmanci kada su wuce shi

Ana yin riguna na ƙarshe na ƙarshe na makonni 2-3 kafin shirin yanke kawunan. A wannan lokacin, shuka yana buƙatar potassium da phosphorus. 40 g na sauki superphosphate da 15-20 g na potassium sulfate suna diluted a cikin 10 l na ruwa. Zaka iya amfani da jiko na ash ash (rabin-lita can na lita 3 na ruwan zãfi). Yawan amfani dashi ga kowane broccoli shine 1-1.5 lita. Hakanan an kawo Ash kuma da bushe, yana watsa shi a gonar. Wannan ba kawai abinci mai kyau ba ne, har ma da ingantaccen rigakafin cututtukan fungal. Duk wasu samfuran biohumus ma sun dace.

Bidiyo: tukwici don girma da kulawa da broccoli

Cututtuka, kwari da sarrafawa

Broccoli Fiesta F1 yana da tsayayya ga Fusarium. Gabaɗaya, sananne ne ga kyakkyawar rigakafin “asali”, sabili da haka, tare da kulawa ta dace, tana fama da cututtuka da wuya. Amma har yanzu ba wani ɗan lambu daya da lafiya daga wannan. Problemsarin matsaloli suna haifar da kwari, wanda kowane irin kabeji ke da shi.

Daga cikin kwari da zasu iya haifar da babbar illa ga amfanin broccoli:

• Aphids. Daya daga cikin kwari mafi yawan kwari na amfanin gona. Insectsanan ƙananan kwari na launin kore-rawaya ko launin ruwan kasa-launin ruwan kasa sun yanke shawara akan broccoli a cikin ɗaukacin mazauna, suna manne wa ganye da inflorescences. Suna ciyar da ruwan tsirrai na shuka, saboda haka an lalata kyallen takarda da ƙananan dige, ganyayyaki sun lalace kuma sun bushe. Aphids ba sa son yawan zafi da ƙanshi mai ƙanshi. A matsayin prophylaxis, za a iya yada broccoli kowane 7-10 kwana tare da ruwa na yau da kullun ko tare da infusions na kowane ganye mai ƙanshi. Hakanan, ana amfani da barkono ja, ƙasa mai busasshen taba, peel na lemun tsami ko lemo, lavender, marigolds, calendula, da chamomile ana amfani dasu azaman kayan ƙasa. Idan aphids sun kasance kaɗan har yanzu, infusions iri ɗaya na iya magance matsalar, amma ana ƙaruwa da yawaita jiyya zuwa sau da yawa a rana. Lokacin da babu wani tasirin da ake so, yi amfani da (a gwargwadon umarnin) kowane maganin kashe kwari - Iskra-Bio, Actellik, Inta-Vir, Mospilan. Kwarewa ya nuna cewa jiyya 2-3 sun isa, ana yin su bayan kamar sati daya da rabi.
• Kabeji tashi. Babban cutar da tsire-tsire ana haifar da ita ta larvae. Suna zaune a cikin ƙasa, gnaw Tushen daga ciki, sannan je zuwa kyallen ganye. Don tsoratar da tsofaffi, an fesa broccoli tare da mafarin Ambush ko Rovikurt. Don lalata larvae, an zubar da ƙasa tare da Corsair, Anometrin.
• Kishi mai gurnani. Mutane manya da larvae suna ciyar da kyallen tsirrai, suna cin smallan yawa "tsagi" a cikin ganyayyaki da mai tushe. Sakamakon haka, yanki na sama na broccoli ya bushe da sauri kuma ya mutu. Kwaro ne yadda ake birge shi ta hanyar tansy ko celandine. Wadannan tsire-tsire za a iya dasa a kusa da kewaye da gadaje ko kuma yafa masa bushe bushe ganye. Idan aka sami gagarumar mamayar kwari, ana amfani da Aktaru, Actellik, Foxim.
• Karas din kankara. Babban cutar da tsire-tsire ana haifar da caterpillars. Suna cin ganye daga gefuna. Nan da nan, kawai streaks zauna daga gare su. A kan manya a watan Mayu, ana kula da broccoli tare da Lepidocide ko Bitoxibacillin. Hakanan, pheromone na musamman ko tarkuna na gida suna ba da sakamako mai kyau. Butterflies ana lred ta amfani da kwantena cike da ruwa mai diluted da sukari syrup, zuma, jam. An lalata mahaukata ta hanyar magance broccoli tare da Talcord, Fosbetsid, Belofos, shirye-shiryen Fufanon.
• Slugs da katantanwa. Manyan ramuka suna cin abinci a cikin ganyayyaki, suna barin wani abin farin laushi na azurfa a farfajiya. Shafar rayuwar shiryayye da gabatarwar kawuna suna matukar tasiri. Matasa da andan mata na iya lalata kwari gaba ɗaya. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, magungunan jama'a sun isa don sarrafa kwari. Masoyan tariyar wuya a cikin wuya Ana kwance gado mai ƙura tare da ƙurar taba, itacen ash, barkono mai zafi. Itatuwa na tsire-tsire suna kewaye da "shinge" na needles, yankakken gyada ko ƙyallen kwai, yashi mai kauri. Tarkuna ma suna da kyau - tankunan da aka tono a cikin ƙasa cike da giya, sukari mai sukari, yankakken ganyen kabeji ko yanka na innabi. Ana karɓar slugs da hannu. Iyawar jujjuyawa da saurin motsi, ba sa bambanta. Daga cikin sinadaran da ake amfani da su wajen sarrafa kwaro, Meta, Girma.

Hoton hoto: menene kwari masu haɗari don broccoli kama

Cututtukan naman gwari na iya kashe mafi yawan duka ko kuma duk broccoli da aka dasa cikin maganganun kwanaki. Matakan hanyoyin kariya masu inganci sun hada da jujjuyawar amfanin gona, tsarin dasawa da kuma kulawar amfanin gona. Mafi sau da yawa, broccoli yana fama da cututtuka masu zuwa:

• Blackaƙwalwar Blackaƙwalwa. A naman gwari rinjayar yafi broccoli seedlings. Tushen tushe yana baƙi da laushi, thean itacen yana girma da bushewa da bushewa. Cutar sau da yawa tana haɓaka tare da waterlogging na ƙasa. Don rigakafin, an kara ash na katako ko alli a cikin haifuwa ta haifuwa, ana kula da tsaba da biofungicides. Da zaran an gano alamomin halayyar, ana rage raguwar ruwa zuwa mafi ƙarancin buƙata, ana maye gurbin ruwa na yau da kullun ta hanyar ruwan hoda mai ƙoshin ruwan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar potassium. An yayyafa kabeji da Fitolavin, Fitosporin, Bactofit. Trichodermin, Glyocladin a cikin nau'i na granules ana iya ƙara shi zuwa ramuka a gonar.
• Kila. Cutar tana da matukar wahalar ganowa a kan kari. A kan tushen tsire-tsire, ana kafa haɓakar sifofin maraƙi daban-daban masu girma dabam. Yana daina yin ci gaba. Broccoli rosettes kamar suna bushewa da bushewa ba dalili. Yana da wuya a iya warkar da cutar keel broccoli. Irin waɗannan tsire-tsire suna buƙatar cire su da wuri-wuri daga gadaje kuma ƙone su. Don lalata, an zubar da wannan wurin tare da maganin 5% na sulfate na jan karfe ko ruwa na Bordeaux. Yana da matukar muhimmanci wajan hana yaduwar amfanin gona. Don share ƙasa na causative wakili na cutar, kowane Solanaceae, albasa, tafarnuwa, alayyafo, beets (talakawa ko ganye) ana shuka su akan gado da cutar.
• Peronosporosis. Abubuwan rawaya masu haske masu duhu suna bayyana akan bangon takardar, an zana sashin gaba tare da ci gaba mai rufin farin-fari, mai kama da gari mai yayyafa. A hankali, ya canza warinsa zuwa launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi, ya zama denser. Don prophylaxis, tsire-tsire ana ciya tare da itacen ash sifiri, sulfur colloidal. A wani matakin farko na haɓakar cutar, zaku iya shawo kan shi tare da magungunan jama'a - fesawa tare da kumfa na tukunyar kore ko sabulu mai wanki, maganin maganin ɓarnar colloidal, wanda aka narkar da shi tare da ruwa kefir ko magani tare da ƙari na aidin. Game da kamuwa da cuta, ana yayyafa tsiran Topaz, Ridomil-Gold, Alirin-B.
• Canji. Spotsanan launuka masu launin shuɗi suna bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki. A hankali, suna girma, suna ɗaukar nau'ikan da'irori, suna ɗaure da wani yanki na plass mai launin shuɗi tare da baƙar fata. Matakan hanawa da sarrafawa iri daya ne kamar yadda ake yin su tare da peronosporiosis.
• Farar ƙasa. Excessarin yalwar nitrogen da ƙasa acidic ya tsokani ci gaban cutar. Wani farin ciki "mai laushi" ya bayyana akan ganyayyaki da inflorescences. A hankali, ya zama denser da duhu, sassan da abin ya shafa na shuka sun lalace kuma launin ruwan kasa, kyallen takan ruɓa. Idan cutar ta yi nisa sosai, tsirrai na iya tsagewa da ƙonewa. Lokacin da aka lura da wuri sosai, duk yankuna da abin ya shafa an yanke su da kaifi, goge tsintsiyar, suna ɗaukar nama mai lafiya kaɗan. "Wuta" an wanke shi da ruwan hoda mai haske na ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar mai walwala ko 2%, wanda aka yayyafa shi da carbon carbon foda mai aiki. Theasa a cikin gonar tana zubar da Skor, Kuprozan, Oleokuprit, Horus.

Hoton hoto: alamun cututtukan broccoli-masu haɗari

Girbi da adanawa

Broccoli Fiesta F1 yawanci yakan farfado a farkon ko a cikin watan Agusta. Dole ne a datse kawunan kafin furanni masu launin shuɗi, kuma inflorescences ya zama sako-sako. Wannan ana kulawa dashi akai-akai - kabeji na tsiro a cikin kwanaki 2-3 kawai. Don haka ba za a iya cinye kayan lambu ba, ya rasa mahimmancin ɗanɗano da fa'ida. Kuna iya mayar da hankali ga tsayin kara - yakamata ya girma zuwa kusan 10 cm.

Ba a iya cinye tsintsiyar ba tsintsiya madaidaiciya, mai yawan asara da fa'idarsa da dandano

An datse kawunan tare da ɓangaren kara. Yana da kyau a yi wannan da safe, saboda a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye kada su rasa ruwan ɗinsu. An bar tushen a gado. Don lokacin da ya rage kafin dusar ƙanƙara, ƙananan ƙananan 2-3 har yanzu suna da lokaci don tsarawa akan sa. Wannan yakan ɗauki kimanin wata guda. Wasu lokuta ana ɗaure su ko da akan tsire-tsire wanda aka tsage daga ƙasa, ya saura ya kwanta akan gado. Don ta da tsari, ana iya shayar da broccoli kamar sau biyu tare da jiko na taki.

An yanke shugabannin cikakke broccoli tare da wani ɓangare na tushe, suna barin shuka a ƙasa

Don ajiyar lokaci mai tsawo, ƙwayar Fiesta F1 ba ta dace ba. Wannan kabeji ba ya yin tsayi fiye da watanni uku, har ma a ƙarƙashin ingantaccen yanayi, kuma a zazzabi a ɗakuna yana ganima bayan kwanaki 7-10. An adana Broccoli a cikin cellar, bene, sauran wuri mai duhu tare da samun iska mai kyau a zazzabi mai inganci kusa da 0 ° C da zafi mai zafi (75% ko fiye).

Rike Fiesta F1 sabo mai kyau na dogon lokaci ba zai yi aiki ba

Broccoli mai narkewa, ba tare da rasa fa'idodi ba, an adana watanni 10-12. An rarraba kawunan kawuna cikin inflorescences, a wanke kuma a bushe. Bayan haka an shimfiɗa su a kan buhunan buhunan da aka rufe da tawul ɗin takarda, kuma na mintina 2-3 ana aika su zuwa injin daskarewa, wanda aka haɗa cikin yanayin "girgiza" mai daskarewa. Shirye-shiryen inflorescences an shimfida su a cikin karamin rabo akan jaka na filastik na musamman tare da kayan saurin iska. Defrosting da sake-daskarewa suna categorically contraindicated a gare su. Broccoli ya juya ya zama kamar shinkafa mara kwalliya.

Broccoli mai daskarewa an shimfiɗa shi a cikin fakiti a cikin ƙananan rabo, wanda tabbas zaku iya amfani dashi a lokaci guda

Bidiyo: Girbin Broccoli

Lamburan ra'ayoyi

Na kuma sami matsaloli tare da broccoli har sai na buga nau'in Fiesta F1. Yanzu zan saya shi shekara biyu kafin, in ba haka ba koyaushe ana sayarwa ba ne. A baya, Na gwada nau'ikan iri daban-daban - wasu furanni, amma Fiesta ba ta lalacewa kowace shekara, koda kuwa tana da zafi, duk da cewa tana ruwa ... Ina tsammanin zaɓin iri don kowane yanki na da matukar mahimmanci.

RAZUM42007

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Broccoli kabeji Fiesta F1 (Holland) Mafi yawan amfanin ƙasa, tsakiyar-matasan matasan zaɓi na Dutch. Saukowa a wuri na dindindin a watan Mayu ko farkon Yuni bisa ga tsarin: 50 × 20-30 cm.

Dmitry Mineev

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Fi so na broccoli - Fiesta F1 da Batavia. Babban kawunan suna da nauyin kilogram 1-2-1.5 da brocoletti har zuwa hunturu.

Mopsdad1

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Na tafi taro ripening broccoli. Mafi kyawun sakamako a cikin matasan Fiesta F1 Dutch (tsakiyar-farkon). Duk da zafi a lokacin samuwar, kawunan sun juya kamar yadda aka daidaita, 350-400 g Duk babu wani abin mamaki da ya faru kamar yadda ganye ya fito ta kai. Gaskiyar cewa sun juya da ƙanƙanuwa (a kan ƙayyadadden 600-800 g) - a fili, saurin ya cika cikin ciyawa (kuma yana ɗaukar kwanaki 35 ba). Da kyau kuma daga baya na dasa shi (Mayu 30) kuma, ga alama, ƙasa mai yashi domin ba ta isa mai yawa. A tsari, zai iya tsawaita har ma da sharuɗɗan baya, kamar yadda ake iya jure sanyi fiye da farin kabeji, sannan kuma da bazai taɓa zuwa ƙarƙashin zafin Yuli ba. A yau na shiga cikin broccoli kuma na yanke kwandon ɓarna na ɓarna daga gefen harbe. Bayan yankan kwana 20 da suka gabata, shugabannin na tsakiya basuyi tsammanin cewa wani abu zai fashe ba. Koyaya, ya girma, kyauta ne kawai. Af, m komai daga gefen harbe aka bai da ta F1 Fiesta matasan. Maraton guda ɗaya bai ba da komai a gefe ba. A shekara ta uku yanzu haka ina yin taro tare da Fosta Fiesta a gefen harbe, kuma koyaushe mai kyau. Yanzu ina tsammanin shekara mai zuwa don sanya ta cikin sharuddan biyu.

Kolosovo

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Fiesta F1 shine farkon matasan, matsakaici mai girman kai tare da babban yawa (a matsayin ƙari), yana tsayayya da fusarium za.

Dobraferma

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Don samun amfanin gona mai kyau na broccoli, kuna buƙatar shuka iri da suka dace. Dasa Fiesta F1. Shugabannin sun yi girma kuma bayan yankan babban tarin ƙananan waɗanda ke tsiro.

Anatoly Yakovlev

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Shagon cinikin broccoli ba shi da arha, sabanin kabeji na talakawa. Ee, kuma ana sayar da shi mai sanyi. Da farko mun saya. Amma a nan na sayi tsaba, na yanke shawarar dasa broccoli Fiesta F1. 'Ya'yan itacen sun juya sun zama marasa ƙarfi, ƙarami, shimfiɗa kaɗan kuma na yi tunani: "Ta yaya kabeji zai girma daga wannan?" Kabeji girma duk na seedlings, ya juya ya zama mai ƙarfi. Wannan shi ne matsakaici farkon iri (80 days daga germination zuwa fasaha ripeness). An dasa shi a cikin tsakiyar Mayu bisa ga tsarin 30x50 cm. Da farko, ya bar ganye, sannan kuma inflorescences. Ba lallai ba ne a kula da waƙoƙin. Kuma a sa'an nan suka gaske son su zauna a cikin ganye. Na sarrafa sau uku. Shugabannin kabeji har yanzu suna buƙatar fesawa, watau yafa masa ƙasa, in ba haka ba za su iya tanƙwara. Watering yana matsakaici. Kuna buƙatar tattara inflorescences lokacin da suke karami, idan kun rasa wannan lokacin, to, ƙananan furanni zasu bayyana daga inflorescences. Fiesta mai ban sha'awa a kowane nau'i, can da gwangwani.

Lilena69

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Broccoli yana da duk halayen da suka wajaba don "ɗauka tushe" a cikin wuraren yan lambu na Rasha. Ana nuna al'adar ta haƙurin sanyi, unpretentiousness a cikin kulawa, haɓaka mai kyau, lokacin balaga. Dole ne mu manta game da dandano da fa'idodi na kiwon lafiya. A matasan daga cikin Yaren mutanen Holland zaɓi Fiesta F1 za a iya girma a cikin mafi yawan Rasha, wannan dama broccoli da sauri sami shahara a duniya.