Schisandra chinensis kuma ana kiranta schisandra. A cikin Sinanci, sunan wannan shuka yana kama da "u-wei-tsu", wanda a zahiri ke fassara a matsayin "'ya'yan itace tare da dandano 5." A cikin likitancin kasar Sin, ya mamaye wuri na 2 bayan ginseng a cikin kwatankwacin kayayyakin kwantar da hankali.
Idan ka shafa karar lemongrass, ganyayensa ko shafa wani tushe na hannunka, to zaku iya jin warin lemo nan da nan. Abin da ya sa wannan shuka ya sami suna.
Asali da bayyanar
Wurin haifuwar wannan al'ada ita ce kasar Sin. Statisticsididdigar Botanical ta nuna cewa a cikin wannan yanki kimanin kadada 2000 na ƙasa yana rufe da ciyawar lemongrass. Schisandra wani nau'in dangin Magnolia ne.
Schisandra chinensis
Wannan wani nau'in liana ne wanda za'a iya samu a yankuna na yamma, a Siberiya da Yankin Amur, a cikin Urals da tsibirin Kuril, a gabar tekun yankin Primorsky. Tana murƙushe ɓewar bishiyoyi da ciyayi a cikin karkace.
Harbe Liana na da sauyawa, kar a karya lokacin da lanƙwasa kuma yayi girma a tsaye. The mai tushe suna da duhu Brown haushi. A kan matasa harbe, da haushi ne m kuma m, a kan tsohon mai tushe - alagammana, peeling. Tsawon tsirrai ya kai mita 10-18. Girman dutsen yana kara kusan cm 2.
'Ya'yan schisandra suna da launin shuɗi, idan aka kwatanta da launi da haushi na creeper, suna da haske. Suna da tsawo, kama da kwai tare da ma'ana a cikin ɓangaren babba. Dangane da harba suna a wani kusurwa na 40-45 ° nodes: kodan 3 a cikin kowane kumburi. Tsarin tsakiyar yana haɓakawa da ƙarfi fiye da maƙwabta.
Ban sha'awa! Tsire-tsire na Schisandra yana da hoto sosai, saboda haka a cikin yanayi na dabi'a ana iya samo shi a wuraren buɗe. Schisandra na iya ɗaukar nau'in daji, sannan kuma ya shimfiɗa ƙasa, shimfidar ƙafa da snags.
Shuka tana da ganyen ganye tare da tushe mai siffar weji, launi mai ciyawa. A lokaci guda, alamar halayyar waje na schisandra shine cewa petioles na launin shuɗi ne mai ruwan hoda. Tsawon takardar yakai kusan 10 cm, girmansa sau 2 kenan. Ganyen suna da yawa a ko'ina cikin tushe. Saboda wannan fasalin, ana yin amfani dashi sau da yawa a cikin shimfidar wuri don dalilai na kayan ado.
Ta yaya lemongrass ke girma? A lokacin bazara, furanni masu launuka masu laushi masu kamshi tare da ƙanshin kamshi mai haske da ke fitowa a kan mai tushe na Liana na kasar Sin. A cikin tsari, fure na lemongrass yayi kama da ƙaramin kwafin Magnolia.
Lemongrass furanni
'Ya'yan itace suna fitowa daga furanni; The berries kasance a kan mai tushe na creeper ko da bayan ganye sun fadi. Suna da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano tare da bayanan tart.
Bayanin 'ya'yan itacen da kaddarorinsu
'Ya'yan itãcen shuka suna da siffar buroshi tare da rarar kayan elongated, a ciki daga 4 zuwa 40 berries, tare da diamita na 5-10 mm. A lokacin cikakken narkarda shi, tsawon goga ya kai 10 cm, nisa - 4 cm. Bugu da ƙari, goga yana da taro na 1.5 zuwa 15. Girman Berry ɗaya shine rabin gram.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari masu launin ja ne mai haske, busassun berries suna da duhu ja, wani lokacin ma baki. Tana dandana berries mai ɗanɗano tare da dandano tart. A ƙarƙashin fata na bakin ciki na Berry akwai ɓangaren litattafan almara mai laushi mai laushi, daga wanda yake sauƙaƙa matsi ruwan.
Berriesa berriesan lemun tsami suna ɗauke da babban adadin abubuwa masu amfani. A gida, wannan shuka ya sami aikace-aikace a cikin mafarauta - hannu kawai na ofa berriesan berries na bawa mutum damar tuƙa motsin dabbar duk rana, yana da tonic, tasiri mai ƙarfi akan jiki. Bugu da kari, an tabbatar da cewa wadannan berries suna kara girman jijiyar gani.
Ban sha'awa! A yau, ana amfani da 'ya'yan itacen shuka a cikin maganin Siberian na jama'a. Shirye-shirye, wanda ya ƙunshi berries na schisandra, yana taimakawa don jimre wa karancin numfashi, yana da tasiri mai ƙarfi a kan tsokoki, da haɓaka haɓaka ƙashi, da haɓaka ayyukan haɓaka a jiki.
Berries na Schisandra yana inganta matakan motsa jiki a cikin cobex na cerebral, yana da tasiri sosai ga tsarin juyayi da yanayin motsa jiki, daidaita yanayin psychoemotional, da inganta yanayi. Haka kuma, shirye-shirye dangane da lemongrass basa bada sakamako masu illa kuma basa haifar da lalata jijiyoyin jiki.
Abubuwa iri biyu na kasar Sin (Far Eastern) Schisandra
A yankuna daban daban na Gabas ta Tsakiya, akwai nau'ikan Liana iri 20 na kasar Sin, wanda ke girma a cikin gandun daji. A cikin lambuna zaka iya samun iri 2: "ɗan fari" da "Lambun - 1".
Firstan fari
Wannan iri-iri na creeper na Schisandra wanda masu shayarwa na Moscow ke bayarwa. “Bornan fari” yana da berriesan itacen elongated, fata wanda yake da mulufi mai-launin shuɗi, jiki ja. Ingancin ɗanɗano na wannan nau'in yakai tsawon cm 10 - 10, nauyinsa yana daga 10 zuwa 12. Idan aka dasa "bornan fari" a wani wurin buɗe, to dajin zai zama girman matsakaici, idan itacen inabin yana kusa da wasu bishiyoyi ko yana da tallafi na tsaye, to tsawon zai zama 5 m.
Firstan fari
Wannan iri-iri ne monoecious. Babban hasara na iri-iri shine tsayayyen juriya ga cututtuka da kuma haɗuwa da mummunan tasirin yanayin rashin iska.
Lambu-1
Wannan nau'in schisandra na kasar Sin ba ya buƙatar pollinators, asalinsa ne mai hatsi da kansa. Masu wannan amfanin gona mai nauyin kilogram 4-6 na amfanin gona daga kurmi ɗaya, tunda ire-iren suna da halin girma na harbe kuma yana ba da yawa sitaci. Tsawon goga na wannan aji shine 9-10 cm.
Lambu 1
Ba kamar "bornan fari" ba, yana tsayayya da sanyi.
Schizandra dashi bayan sayan a cikin filin bude
Dandalin Schizandra, duk da kasancewar salo ga latitudes na Rasha, wata itaciya ce mara ma'ana. Don lambun lambun don kawo amfanin gona, kuna buƙatar sanin yadda ake shuka lemongrass.
Abin da kuke buƙata don saukowa
Kafin dasa al'ada a cikin ƙasa, ana buƙatar matakan shirye-shiryen masu zuwa:
- A hankali kwance ƙasa, takin. Alarin da ya dace da shi zai zama peat ko humus, ash, ammonium nitrate da superphosphate.
- Hakanan wajibi ne don kulawa da magudanar ruwa don hana lalacewar tushe: tubalin da aka murƙushe ko kogunan kogin ya kamata a ƙara ƙasa.
- Tare da taimakon kayan masarufi na musamman kuna buƙatar cimma matsakaici matakin acidity na ƙasa.
Hankali! Mafi dacewa don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa shine tsire-tsire masu shekaru biyu.
Mafi kyawun wuri
Dole ne a gabatar da batun zabar wurin dasa shukar lemon jahiliyya da kulawa sosai, tunda nau'in al'adun lafiya da haɓakarsa sun dogara da wannan. Wurin saukar da shafin dole ne ya cika wadannan sharudda:
- Hasken rana. Al'adar tana buƙatar hasken rana don tabbatar da cewa ganyen ta riƙe kyakkyawan launi mai haske mai haske, kuma goge 'ya'yan itace suna da dogayen ganye. Don cikakken haɓakar lemongrass, rana ya kamata a kunna shi aƙalla awanni 8 a rana. Tare da rashi rana, ganyen ya zama rawaya, girman burushi na 'ya'yan itace ya ragu. Mafi kyawun wurin dasa lemongrass shine gefen kudu na shafin.
- Tabbataccen bayani. Ustsarfin iska mai ƙarfi, musamman lokacin kaka da damuna, na iya haifar da mutuwar itacen inabin. An ba da shawarar shuka tsire tare da shinge ko bango, inda zai iya samun ƙarin tallafi.
Mataki-mataki ƙasa saukowa
A cikin kewayen gari, ana iya dasa lemongrass a farkon Yuni. Umarnin don saukarwa:
- An yi rami mai zurfi na 40 cm a cikin ƙasa, diamita wanda shine 50-60 cm.
Dasa lemongrass
- Ofasan ramin cike yake da cakuda magudanar ruwa, wanda akan zubar da cakuda ƙasa, turf da humus a cikin gwargwado na 1: 1: 1, tare da ƙari 500 g na ash da 200 g na superphosphate.
- Vines suna cikin ƙasa a nesa na 1 m daga juna. Idan al'adun suka girma tare da ginin, to yakamata a dakatar da mitar 1-1.5 daga bangon ginin.Wannan zai kare tushen daga ruwan sama yana kwarara daga rufin.
- Yayin dasa shuki, ba da shawarar zurfafa lemongrass da ƙarfi ba.
Yadda ake yada lemongrass
Schisandra na kasar Sin na iya yaduwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban: ta hanyar yanke, yanka, rarraba daji ko tsaba. Mafi sau da yawa, ana ɗaukar itace ko tsaba don yaduwa.
Yankan
Yaduwa da itace shine aiki mai wahala. A peculiarity na Japan inji shi ne cewa dukan alkawura ga haifuwa cuttings babban rabo kawai girma rabin.
Don yaduwa a lokacin daga tsakiyar watan Yuli zuwa tsakiyar watan Agusta, ana ɗaukar matasa harbe kusan 50 cm. Harbi ya zama tilas kuma ya ƙare tare da faɗakarwa. An yanka harbe daga cikin yanke tare da tsawon 10-15 cm.
Mahimmanci! Cutashin da ke ƙasa na rike ya kamata ya zama 5 mm a ƙasa tare da koda. Suna yin kalaman batanci. An yi sashin na sama 3 mm sama da koda, ya kamata ya zama madaidaiciya. Tornarshen ganye an tsage.
Ana saukar da ƙarshen ɗakunan ganyayyaki a cikin maganin haɓaka haɓaka na sa'o'i 6-12 kafin dasawa. Don dasa shuki, kuna buƙatar shirya greenhouse mai sanyi: tono ƙasa mai tsabta, ƙara wanke da ƙasan yashi. Ana cire ganyen daga bayani tare da haɓakar haɓaka, ana wanke su da ruwa mai tsabta kuma ana dasa su a cikin wani shiri mai sanyi na sanyi.
An dasa yankan farce a nesa na cm cm 3. Tsawon sararin samaniya kyauta tsakanin tsararru da fim na kore shine cm 20 cm.Daga haka an shayar da ganyen ta hanyar kyakkyawan sieve kuma an rufe ta da fim. Contraindication a kansu hasken rana kai tsaye.
A cikin greenhouse, kuna buƙatar kula da zazzabi har zuwa 25 ° C da iska mai laushi, lokaci-lokaci buɗe fim don samun iska. Dole ne mu manta game da shayarwa.
Shuka lemongrass
A ƙarshen watan Agusta, za a fara yin huɗa tsiron tushen tsarin tsufa, kuma za a buɗe fim na kore a lokacin rana. Bayan daysan kwanaki, zaku iya barin greenhouse a dare. Bayan mako guda, an cire fim ɗin gaba daya, a farkon kaka, an shirya shirye-shiryen dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa.
Nan da nan bayan da aka sami karbuwa a cikin gonar a cikin ƙasa, ya zama dole a gabatar da takin ma'adinai mai ma'adinai a cikin ƙasa cikin siffar ruwa. Maganin ammonium nitrate (30 g na saltpeter da guga 1 na ruwa) ko slurry diluted da ruwa a cikin gwargwado na 1: 7 ya dace.
A cikin shekaru 2-3 na gaba, kuna buƙatar sassauta ƙasa a kai a kai, cire ciyayi da kuma ruwan ɗimbin yalwar. A cikin bazara, bayan shekaru 2-3, ana iya juyawa da liana zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa.
Noma
Tsaba al'adun, ma, ba sa shuka. Kashi 25% na tsaba kawai za su iya yin itacen inabi.
Kafin dasa, tsaba suna daidaita, wanda ke ba da damar ƙara yawan germination. Wannan hanyar ta hada da matakai 3: watan farko ana ajiye su a zazzabi na 20 ° C, wata na biyu - a zazzabi na 3-5 ° C, wata na uku - a zazzabi na 8-10 ° C.
Zai fi kyau shuka lemongrass a cikin gida gida da zaran dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, yana ƙaruwa zuwa 1-2 cm. Da zaran harbe-harbe sun bayyana, ya zama dole don adana tsaba a cikin inuwa mai ɓoye kuma a kai a kai yana shayar da ƙasa. Lemongrass na cikin gida na girma har na tsawon shekaru 2, bayan wannan tsiron yana shirye don buɗe ƙasa.
Ya kamata a tuna! A cikin buɗe ƙasa, liana tana buƙatar tallafi ga reshe. Ba tare da tallafi ba, lemongrass yayi kama da daji, yawan amfanin sa yayi ƙasa.
Trellis babban tallafi ne. Hanya ce na tono mai tsayi, tsayin dinta wanda ya kai mita 2.5. Wadannan turakun ana saka su da waya a tsayi na 0.5, 0.7 da kuma m 1. Ana liana liana da trellis ba tare da cire harbe daga gareta ba saboda hunturu.
Schisandra na kasar Sin
Yanayin Watering
Tsarin shayarwa yanayi ne na haɓakar aiki da ƙarfin aiki. A cikin zafin rana, dole ne a sake tallata itacen inabin.
Hankali! Ba kamar furanni na gida ba, ya zama dole ruwa da fesa lemongrass da ruwan dumi. Watering ne dole bayan hadi kasar gona. Domin abinci mai gina jiki da danshi su zauna cikin kasar gona da dadewa, an cika duniya da ciyawa.
Wani tsohuwar creeper a lokacin bazara na buƙatar buhun ruwa 6 na ruwa don ban ruwa ɗaya.
Manyan miya
Kiwo irin nau'in lambun bazai yuwu ba tare da takin kasar gona. A cikin bazara, lokacin da buds na creepers bude, don ciyar 40 g na nitrogenous, phosphorus da potassium takin mai magani suna hade. A lokacin fure, nitrofoska shine mafi kyawun takin. Lokacin da aka gama aiwatar da fure a lemongrass, cakuda 20 g na nitrogen, 15 g na potassium da 15 g na phosphorus an ƙara dashi.
A lokaci guda, ana shuka shuka tare da takin gargajiya na ruwa, wanda aka narkar da shi a cikin ruwa daidai gwargwado na 1:15. Bayan an girbe, an hadu da ƙasa tare da ash da superphosphate.
Bugu da kari, madaidaiciyar hanyar tabbatarwa tana buƙatar kowace shekara 2-3 don takin kasar gona tare da takin a cikin adadin 5 kilogiram a 1 m².
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
Kafin sanyi na farko, ana shayar da ayaba a yalwace, ana saka wani ciyawar mulch a kusa da gindin itacen inabi. A cikin yankuna na kudanci, vines na manya na iya hunturu ba tare da tsari ba. Matasa tsire-tsire dole ne a rufe shi da wani yanki na busassun ganye da rassan spruce.
Ana shirya lemongrass don hunturu
A cikin yankuna masu ruwan sanyi, ana bada shawara don cire vines daga goyan baya, ɗaure tare kuma tanƙwara ƙasa, sannan rufe tare da fadowa, rassan spruce da fim.
M schisandra na kwarai suna girma sosai a yankuna na kudanci tare da iska mai laima. Koyaya, wannan baya nufin cewa lemongrass shuka na ɗakin bazara bai dace da sauran yankuna na Rasha ba. Idan an lura da kyau, itaciyar Magnolia na kasar Sin za ta yi girma sosai kuma ta ba da amfani sosai.
