Yadda ake yada rhododendron: itace, a cikin kasar

Rhododendrons, wanda kuma aka sani da azaleas ko Rosemary, bishiyoyi na ornamental tare da manyan inflorescences, suna da tushe a cikin yanayin yanayi da yawa. Yadda aka san rhododendron yadawa: ta hanyar tsaba; yanke; alurar riga kafi; sakawa. Hanyar rigakafin ita ce mafi wahala, yana buƙatar takamaiman ilimi da gwaninta kuma yana ɗaukar shekaru da yawa. Sabili da haka, labarin zai bayyana zaɓuɓɓuka masu sauƙi.

Matakan-mataki-mataki don yaduwa ta itace

Hanya mafi sauki don yaduwa shine guntun tsire. An rarrabe ta da sauri, a cikin 'yan shekaru kamar yadda wani ɗan misali ya fara yin fure.

Rhododendron lambu ne

Don girbi, saman matasa ko ɓangaren harbin, wanda aka raba rabin, ya fi dacewa. Dogayen harbi ya dace na 5-7 cm, ya kamata ya zama har zuwa zanen gado biyar. Yanke daga saman harba dauki tushen mafi kyau.

Yadda za a yanka rhododendron:

1. An yanke yankan da suke ƙarƙashin ƙodan. Ana cire babba da ƙananan ganye, an rage sauran kashi ɗaya bisa uku. Haushi a kan ƙananan ɓangaren shank an tsabtace har sai wani farin Layer ya bayyana, wanda ya sa tushen ya yi sauri.
2. Bayan haka, rhododendron ya wuce matakin yaduwa ta hanyar yanke a ruwa. Yankin da aka yanka yana soaked na sa'o'i 12 a cikin wani bayani na haɓaka mai da hankali. Maganin maganin succinic tare da maida hankali akan 0.02% ya dace.
3. An dasa yankan cikin tukwane. Ana amfani da cakuda yashi da peat 1: 1, waɗanda aka zuba tare da ɗimbin 8 cm, ana amfani dashi ƙasa. Yayyafa da yashi a sama. An dasa yankan tare da tazara na 5 cm.
4. Ba a sami ruwa da yawa ba da ɓarnaran kuma a rufe tukunya. Wajibi ne a ɓoye shi daga haskoki na rana, a ba wa tsiran damar samun iska sau biyu a rana kuma a fesa shi daga bindigar da aka fesa. Mafi yawan zafin jiki shine 15-20 ° C.
5. A ƙarshen Satumba, cuttings zai ɗauki tushe. Kuna buƙatar sauke su a cikin akwati kuma canja shi zuwa ɗaki mai sanyi, mai laushi (ginshiki / cellar). Ruwa sau biyu a rana.
6. Rhododendron, yaduwa wanda ya faru ta hanyar itace, ana shuka shi cikin gadaje na bazara mai zuwa. Dankin zai yi fure a cikin shekaru 1-2.

Yanke rhododendron

Yadda ake yaduwar ganyayen ganye na rhododendron

Hanyar da ta yi kama da katunan gargajiya.

Yadda ake yaduwar kayan ganye na rhododendron:

1. A rabi na biyu na Yuli, an zaɓi babban tushe kuma an yanke ganye tare da toho axillary tare da wuka.
2. Yanki ya narke a cikin mai haɓaka haɓaka. Yayin dasa shuki, an binne petiole na tsawon santimita.
3. Arin gaba ana yinsu ta wannan hanyar kamar na al'ada.

Don tushen ganyen, kuna buƙatar samar musu da kulawa ta yau da kullun. Dasaren dasa ya kamata ya kasance a cikin wurin da aka rufe. A cikin dumin yanayi, ana cire fim ɗin ko kuma gilashin gilashi don ba da izinin ɗaukar ciki ta hanyar farfajiya. Bayan sun gama da ganyen, sai a fesa su tare da tsammanin ruwan 100 ml a cikin 1 m².

A kwanakin zafi, an cire tsari daga fim ko gilashi gaba daya. A cikin mako na uku bayan motsi zuwa greenhouse ko dasa a cikin ƙasa, cuttings suna fara ɗaukar tushe.

Rhododendron yaduwa ta hanyar farawa

Hanya mai sauƙi wacce ke ɗaukar lokaci kaɗan. Ya dace da waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙaramin tsire-tsire. Ya fi dacewa don amfani don nau'ikan jinsunan.

Mataki-mataki-mataki:

1. A cikin tazara tsakanin farkon Mayu da farkon Yuni, kuna buƙatar samun mafaka daga ƙasan daji. Amfani da ƙanana da matsakaitan, an matse shi a cikin karamin rami (ba fiye da 10 cm zurfi) kuma yafa masa ƙasa hade da peat. An saita saman a kan goyon baya a madaidaiciyar matsayi.
2. Ana buƙatar watering na yau da kullun. Dukansu kasar gona da iska a kewaye da shi ya kamata m.
3. A cikin hunturu, tsire-tsire suna buƙatar rufe.
4. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru (kaka ko bazara), ana yanke itace daga shuka mahaifiyar.
5. Domin farawa ya zama tushe, ya zama dole don sanya shi a cikin wurin da aka raba rabin rabin ba tare da hasken rana kai tsaye ba.

Yadda ake dasa rhododendron layering

Wani zaɓi na kiwo shine saka iska. Hanyar baƙi na kasashen waje ana amfani da wannan hanyar:

1. Kuna buƙatar zaɓar rassa da yawa daga shuka na uwar. Sanya karamin incin 1-2 cm tsayi tare da kara.
2. Sanya incisions a cikin sabo sphagnum moss da cling film, kulla shi a babba da ƙananan gefuna.
3. Bayan makonni uku, Tushen ya fara nunawa.
4. A cikin bazara, an yanke peperanci kuma an sauka a cikin kwantena. An sanya su a cikin katako masu tsire-tsire don tsire-tsire su ci gaba da girma.

Yaduwa da Rhododendrons ta Tsaba

Hanyar don tsirrai iri. Abubuwan farko sun bayyana bayan kwanaki 7-20. Don hanya, kuna buƙatar gurɓataccen sako, wanda ruwa da iska su shiga ciki cikin sauƙi. Haɗin gida na peat da yashi kogin a cikin rabo na 1: 1 ya dace. Lokacin amfani da ruwan magani da aka saya, ƙasa don tsire-tsire Heather ya dace.

An shimfiɗa rufin magudanar a ƙasan tukunya ko wani akwati.

Yadda ake yada rhododendron ta amfani da tsaba:

1. Yana da Dole a pre-bijirar da tsaba a stratification a cikin firiji a lokacin rana. Shawarar zazzabi 3-5 ° C.
2. Mix su da yashi kuma yada kan cakuda ƙasa cakuda. Tsaba da aka shuka a cikin bacin rai ba sa shuka.
3. Fesa substrate kuma rufe akwatin ko akwati tare da fim ko gilashi.
4. Yanayin da ake buƙata na tsarewa: zazzabi 10-15 ° C, zafi iska har zuwa 40%, hasken rana kai tsaye kada ya faɗi akan kwandon.
5. Ana fesa ƙasa da iska sau biyu a rana.
6. Farkon harbe ya bayyana a makonni 2-3. Bayan haka, ana kirkiro cotyledons.
7. A al'ada, ta tsakiyar Satumba, seedling ya sami ganye 5-10. Ya kamata a watsa shi cikin tukunya daban tare da dunƙule na duniya. A kasan, ana yin magudanar ruwa na 2-3 cm.
8. 'Ya'yan arean itacen suna rufe gilashi ko fim, aka fesa su a iska sau biyu a rana.
9. Shekarar bayan fara tsiro (farkon rabin bazara), seedlingsa willan zai zama tsawon cm 5. A wannan lokacin, suna buƙatar juyawa cikin akwati tare da diamita na 5-7 cm. Haɗin ƙasa mai dacewa: ƙasa turf, yashi, peat, zuriyar dabbobi mai zurfi a daidai gwargwado.
10. A lokacin rani, ya kamata a sanya tukwane a gonar a wani wuri da ba a iya kaiwa ga hasken rana kai tsaye. Tun daga watan Satumba, ana dawo da shuki don ajiya a wuraren zama.
11. A shekara ta uku, ana iya haƙa tsire-tsire a gonar. Sau ɗaya a kakar don yin kayan miya, hadaddun takin gargajiya don furanni na cikin gida sun dace.
12. A cikin hunturu, an canza tukwane zuwa ɗakin, kuma a lokacin rani ana sake komawa zuwa titi.

Rhododendron tsaba

A lokacin bazara ta biyar, ana iya shuka tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa buɗe. A wannan lokacin, tsayin su zai zama 40-70 cm. Siffofin Pontic rhododendron zai yi girma zuwa 80-120 cm.

Raba Bush

Kyakkyawan hanya, amma ba hanyar da aka saba amfani dashi a gonar ko a cikin ƙasa. Yana ba ku damar tabbas tabbas kuna samun sababbin tsire-tsire, amma mahaifiyar daji ta lalace sosai.

Yadda za a raba yawan hanyoyin rhododendron:

1. Zai ɗauki dattijo, babba, daji mai lafiya.
2. A watan Maris, mahaifiyar shuka an yanka zuwa sassa da yawa tare da felu. Kowannensu dole ne ya sami tushen lafiya da harbe.
3. Ana cire ƙananan Tushen tare da wuka.
4. An dasa daji da aka raba shi cikin ƙasa mai acidic: ƙarami a cikin akwati, babba a cikin greenhouse.

Kulawa mai zuwa a matsayin cikakkiyar shuka tsirrai.

Alurar riga kafi na Greenhouse

Amfani da wannan hanyar, ana haɗa ƙwayar rigakafin rigakafi da jari mai shekaru 3-4. Ana yin allurar kamar yadda yake kusa da tushen hannun jari. Zai fi kyau aiwatar da hanyar a farkon kaka.

An tono rootstocks, ana dasa shi cikin tukunya kuma an koma da shi ga wani greenhouse mai zazzabi 5-10 ° C. Bayan sati biyu, sai suka ɗauki tushe. Bayan 'yan sa'o'i kafin alurar riga kafi, dunƙule na dunƙule ya bushe.

Gaba kuma, in ana so, zaku iya amfani da ɗayan hanyoyin yin rigakafin:

• budding - sanya koda a jikin reshen babban shuka;
• copulation - sanya kara a cikin yanki na babban shuka.

Don haka, don yaduwar rhododendron, akwai hanyoyi da yawa. Kowane mai girbi ya yanke shawarar wanda za a zaɓa dangane da iliminsa da kayan aikin da yake akwai. Zai fi kyau, ba shakka, zauna a kan katako, saboda wannan zaɓi yana da sauƙin sauƙi kuma mafi inganci.