Azalea kyakkyawa-mai kyan gani, amma tana da wahalar shuka shuka. Ba ya yarda da kurakurai a cikin kulawa ko yanayin ajizai. Abin da ya sa, kafin yada shi, ya zama tilas a yi nazari a hankali.
Yadda za a yada azalea a gida
Akwai hanyoyi guda biyar waɗanda za a iya yada azalea. Kowannensu yana da mafi ƙarancin aiki ko kaɗan, ya dace da wani lokaci kuma yana shafar ƙarin rayuwa. Hanyar haifuwa an zaɓi shi gwargwadon manufofin da aka samo da kuma adadin korafin da za'a samo.
Ta yaya yayalea ke yaduwa:
- yanke. Hanyar da ta fi shahara, wacce za'ayi kawai a cikin lokacin ciyayi, shine, a cikin bazara. Hanyar yana da wahala, amma yana ba da sakamako mai kyau. Ana ɗaukar abu daga samfuran lafiya na lafiya;
- tsaba. Sake buguwa ta wurin shuka kowane tsiro ba aiki mai sauƙi ba. Mafi yawan lokuta masu shayarwa suna amfani da su don haifar da sababbin nau'ikan ko don namo iri daya na babban adadin kofe;
Yadda ake yanke ganye daga ganyen
- raba daji. Ana amfani da hanyar don manya bushes girmi shekaru uku. Wannan hanyar ta dace da farawar lambu, yana da babban darajar rayuwa. An raba daji zuwa sassa biyu ko sama da dama waɗanda tuni suna da cikakkiyar tsarin dawakai. Mabuɗin don daidaitawa da sauri shine daidaitaccen daidaitaccen na substrate da kulawa;
- alurar riga kafi. Ba a da wuya a yi amfani da shi, kawai lokacin da ba shi yiwuwa a yi amfani da wasu hanyoyi, musamman, tare da hadadden tushen bishiyoyi. Tushen bishiya (daji da za'a yi wa allurar rigakafin) da madogara mai tsawon 15 cm (ana harbi da ido) ana ɗauka. Ana yin sassan oblique a lokacin haɗin, scion da jari suna haɗe da juna kuma an gyara su tare da fim ɗin filastik;
- sakawa. Hanyar tana nuna kyakkyawan sakamako, amma ya fi dacewa da yanayin azaleas. An haƙa harbe ciyawar a ƙasa, bayan wani lokaci, Tushen ya bayyana a wannan wuri.
Zaka iya zaɓar hanyar da ta dace don kawai ta hanyar kimanta bayanan asalin: shekarun shuka, yanayin girma, burin da aka bi.
Yaduwa ta hanyar cutarwa: ab advantagesbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani
Azalea (lat. Azalea) yana ɗayan plantsan tsire-tsire waɗanda ke da wahalar yaduwa ta hanyar yanke. Daga cikin rashin nasara, rarar rayuwa mara kyau, tsirar tsiro, an bambanta su, daga fa'idodi - tanadin halayen jinsin, ikon samun sabbin kwafi.
A cikin hunturu na farko, dole ne a haɓaka haɓakar azaleas, ƙirƙirar wutar lantarki ta wucin gadi da dumama, yayin riƙe babban matakin zafi. Idan shuka bai fara haɓaka aiki ba a farkon shekara ta rayuwa, to, zai zama da wahala tare da shi.
Yadda Azalea Tushen: Yaduwa ta Cutarwa a Gida
Yankan yankan ya halatta lokacin da shuka yayi shekara uku. Idan ka dauki azalea saura kadan don yaduwa, toshewar za su iya yi kafin su yi tushe. Idan ka dauki riga mai girma, shuka, to, za a sami nutrientsan abubuwan gina jiki a ciki, wanda kuma hakan zai shafi tushen.
Kula! Saboda haka matasa tsire-tsire reshe da kyau da kuma samar da wata lush kambi, bayan watanni 2-3, tsunkule fi na harbe. Idan azaleas ya yi ƙoƙari ya yi fure, to, an cire buds, tunda har yanzu shukawar ba ta da ƙarfi.
Na biyu pinching da pruning ne da za'ayi shekara mai zuwa a watan Maris, an yanke sabon harbe guda biyar, an dasa kananan matasa zuwa sabon tukwane tare da diamita na 10 cm.The substrate aka zaba acidic ko sanya kansa daga peat da coniferous ƙasa, magudanar ruwa dole ne a yi a kasa.
Matakan-mataki-mataki yayi kama da wannan:
- Bincika kuma yanke kyawawan tsintsiya.
- Preparationasa shiri da greenhouses.
- Digging da kuma ciyar da substrate.
- Soaking cuttings a cikin tushen stimulant.
- Dasa kayan a cikin ƙasa.
A ƙarshe, shuka zai yi ƙarfi kuma zai yi fure cikin kusan shekaru 2-3.
Yadda ake yin cuttings daidai
Gashi na bara daga 8 zuwa 10 cm tsawo tare da ganye da yawa sun dace da dasawa. The mai tushe na wannan shekara kuma za su yi, babban abinda ya faru shi ne cewa ba a ba su lignified.
Don bayani! Bincika ko tsararran suna shirye don yaduwa, kamar haka: karya shi a cikin rabi kuma, idan kun ji danna - sautin fashewar itace, to kayan sun dace.
Yana da kyau idan aka yi amfani da sandar stale. Idan an ba da umarnin kayan a cikin kantin sayar da kan layi, zai kwantar da hankali cikin kwanuka da yawa ba tare da ruwa da ƙasa ba. Idan seedling ya yi nasarar bushe, an saka shi cikin ruwa.
Kada a yi amfani da almakashi don yankan, amma wuka mai kaifi ko kuma keken asiri. Yanki ake yin shi oblique. Ana cire ƙananan ganye, an kuma yanke babba a rabi. Wannan kuwa ana aikata shi ne domin abubuwan gina jiki ba su ɓata ba, amma ana nuna shi ne kaɗai ga tsarin tushen. Ana yin sashin ƙananan a ƙarƙashin koda ko a ƙarƙashin gungun ganye mai cike da cunkoso.
Dole a yanke wani ɓangare na haushi, a wannan wurin ne Tushen zai bayyana. Yankin da aka bushe yakamata ya zama 25% na ragowar haushi.
Yadda ake yanka da yanka azalea
Abin da ƙasa ya dace da tushen
Kafin dasa azalea, an saka tsintsiyar a cikin tushen abin karawa na tsawon awanni 5. Heteroauxin zai zo wurin ceton, allunan guda biyu waɗanda dole ne a dil a cikin 1 lita na ruwa. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da zircon ko tushe.
Cikin gida rhododendron yana buƙatar abun da keɓaɓɓen ƙasa. Don haihuwa, ana amfani da ƙasa acid acid. Ayyukan suna zurfafa da 2 cm a nesa na 3-4 cm daga juna ko kuma bisa ga tsarin 4 × 4. Soilasa ta duniya don yaduwa da haɓaka bai dace ba, kuna buƙatar samun cakuda na musamman don azaleas / rhododendrons ko ƙarancin gyada na peat.
Danshi yayin rooting
Rhododendron yana son zafi sosai. Watering yana matsakaici kamar yadda ƙasa take bushewa. Idan kun yi sa'a, a cikin wata guda seedlingsan itacen zai ɗauki tushen. Fitowar harbe nasu yayi maganar kyakkyawar rayuwa. Idan wannan bai faru ba, wataƙila tsiron zai mutu nan gaba.
Kula! Seedlings na manyan-leaved evergreen azaleas dauki tushe na har zuwa watanni hudu kuma kawai ba sa yin girma don 'yan ƙarin watanni.
Lokacin kiwo da azaleas a gida yana daga Maris zuwa Oktoba. Yana yiwuwa a aiwatar da wani jan hankali kawai bayan shuka ta lalace. Don haɓaka mafi kyau, ana rufe seedlings da gilashi ko fim, zaku iya fesawa. Sau ɗaya a mako, an cire korayen kore kuma an dasa iska.
Bayan dasa, da sprouts ne sannu sannu sannu ga bushe iska daga cikin Apartment. Don yin wannan, an cire fim ɗin daga tsire-tsire na farko na tsawon awanni 2-3, sannan na tsawon awanni 4-5, da dai sauransu Bayan sun canza azaleas cikin tukwane daban-daban, an sake rufe su da fim har sati biyu domin su zama cikin sauri da jin zafi sosai.
Zazzabi da Haske
Don kiwo, ana amfani da wuri mai haske da dumama a cikin gidan. Don tushen nasara, dole ne a kula da zafin jiki na kimanin 25 ° C. Bai kamata dakin ya kasance yana da zane-zane ba, yayin da iska kada ta yi shuru, saboda haka dakin yana lokaci-lokaci yana samun iska. Idan za ta yiwu, kasan tukunyar tana mai zafi zuwa 27 ° C.
Yankan Yankan
Girma daga tsaba: abin da ke da kyau don wannan hanyar
Shuka azalea daga tsaba ba tsari bane mai ɗaukar lokaci. Hanyar tana da fa'ida akan kowa a cikin wancan lokaci guda daga karce zaka iya samun kowane adadin da ake so, wanda yayi kyau don sikelin samarwa. Idan zuriyar tayi girma, seedlingsan itacen zai bayyana cikin makonni biyu. Babban yanayin sabo ne ingantattun tsaba da kuma ingantaccen yanayin girma.
Wannan hanyar tana da nuances. Misali, yanayi uku ya shude kafin dasa shuki a cikin filin bude ido.
Yadda za a zabi mafi kyawun tsaba
Kuna buƙatar siyan samfuran azalea a cikin shagunan amintattu waɗanda ke da takaddun shaida na ingancin duk samfuran kasuwancin da ake samu. Shigarwa kada yayi lahani, hawaye, kururuwa.
Dole ne a nuna sigogi masu zuwa akan kunshin:
- yawan tsaba;
- ranar karewa;
- masana'anta.
Mahimmanci! Idan an adana tsaba a cikin sanyi, wuri mai bushe, sun dace don amfani har zuwa shekaru uku. Hanya mafi sauki don yaduwar azaleas itace daga sabbin tsaba, wanda rayuwar sa ta kasance har zuwa kwana 90.
Ana iya tattara tsaba Don yin wannan, jira don ƙarshen lokacin furanni kuma buɗe akwatin biyar. Tsaba ƙanana ne kuma suna da siffar elongated, kowane tsayi daga 0.5 zuwa 2 mm.
Lokacin tattara kayan shine ƙarshen kaka. Tsaba yakamata ya yi kyau, ya zama launin ruwan kasa duhu a launi, yayin da akwatin ya zama kore. Bayan tattara su na kwanaki da yawa, suna nannade cikin takarda ko kwali har sai sun bushe gaba ɗaya.
Abin da ya kamata ya zama ƙasa don dasa shuki
Ana shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa tare da babban Layer na gina jiki ko an shimfiɗa ta a kan allunan peat. Lokacin shuka shine Maris-Afrilu. Kuna iya fara azale azaleas a watan Fabrairu, sannan ana buƙatar ƙarin hasken wuta don ƙirƙirar tsawon lokacin hasken rana na awa 12.
Yadda za a yi girma lil azalea daga tsaba? Yanayin da ke wajaba ga shuka iri ne rana da danshi. Idan an ƙirƙiri sakamako na kore sama da jirgin ruwa mai girma, gilashin ko fim ana cire shi lokaci-lokaci don samun iska. Domin kada ya overmoisten da tsaba, shi ne mafi alh tori ga ba da ruwa kasar gona daga SPRAY ta amfani da na musamman abun da ke ciki: tsarma 4 of g oxalic acid a cikin 10 l na ruwa zauna.
Don shuka, ana amfani da kowane ƙarfin da aka samu. Ofasan tukunya tana sanye da ramuka magudanan ruwa.
Ana sayar da kayan haɗaka na shiri don rhododendrons a cikin shaguna. Kuna iya yi da kanku daga abubuwan da aka haɗa:
- ƙasa mai rarrafe;
- ƙasar turf
- peat;
- yashi;
- humus.
All aka gyara an dauki daidai m kuma pre-disinfected a cikin wani bayani na potassium permanganate, za ka iya ƙara yin burodi foda.
Mafi mahimmancin sigogi na kasar gona:
- ruwa permeability;
- numfashi;
- jikewa tare da ma'adanai;
- haske;
- friability;
- acidity pH 4-4.5.
Mahimmanci! Dole ne kasar ta kasance da dumi kafin shuka.
Zazzabi
Don haɓaka tsaba, yanayin gida daidai yake: yanayin zafin iska 20 ° C da haske mai haske. A cikin wannan halin, tsaba zasu yi toho a cikin makonni 2-4, tsiro zai fito ba daidai ba. Don haɓaka haɓaka, ana bada shawara don fesa su tare da maganin zircon ko epin.
Haske na shuke-shuke da phytolamp
Haushi
Abun fashewa yakamata ya kasance cikin zafi mai zurfi, saboda haka an rufe su da kayan abu don haifar da sakamako mai ƙwaya.
Don bayani! Abu mafi wuya shi ne daidaita da sprouts zuwa sabon yanayi, bushe iska mai sanyi. Don buguwa na azaleas, an ɗauke su zuwa ɗakin da zazzabi of 10 ° C. Wannan zai inganta rigakafin fure da kara kariya daga cututtuka da yawa.
Domin kada ya cika tsaba, zaku iya amfani da hanyar ƙananan watering. Saboda haka, sprouts sami abincin da ya wajaba, kuma tushen tsarin yana motsawa.
Yadda za a watsa matasa azaleas a cikin tukunya daban
Rhododendron ya yarda da dasawa da kyau. Idan matasa azaleas sun fara jin dadi bayan sun canza tukunya, wataƙila batun yana cikin ƙasa mara kyau ko kuma yanayin da bai dace ba. Ganyayyaki sun zama rawaya kuma sun faɗi idan ƙasa ba ta da ma'adanai ko ƙasa ba acidic isa.
Azalea dasawa lokacin da ganye na hakika da yawa suka bayyana akan tsiron, sannan kuma a shekara. Samfuran samfuran manya bayan fure bayan kowace shekara uku.
Kuna buƙatar ƙira mai zuwa:
- tukunya da girman 10 cm na farkon shuka ko girman da ya fi girma fiye da wanda ya gabata na shekara-shekara;
- wuka mai kaifi (don yankan bushe ganye da ganye);
- kwandon Pine, gansakken busar, burodin burodi (ƙarawa a cikin substrate);
- gawayi (gaurayewar ƙasa);
- magudanar ruwa;
- ruwa mai tsabta;
- zircon ko epin bayani don tayar da haɓaka tsarin tushen.
An biya kulawa ta musamman ga asalinsu. Don guje wa lalacewa, ana dasa azalea tare da dunƙule ko ƙura mai lalacewa. Akwai microflora na musamman akan tushen azaleas, saboda haka tsire zai mutu idan ya lalace. Hakanan ya kamata ku yi hankali da tushen wuyansa, idan an binne shi a cikin ƙasa, tsirrai za ta yi rauni.
Azalea kafin juyawa ta farko
Mahimmanci! Idan ka dasa azalea a cikin hunturu, hakan zai shafi fure ta.
Bayan dasawa, ana shayar da ƙasa sosai, sannan ana kiyaye tazara ta kwana huɗu.
Yaya za a yadu azalea? Haske, danshi, ƙasa mai acidic, da haƙuri sune duk abin da ake buƙatar samun sabon rhododendrons a gida. Hakanan, abu mai kyau shine tabbacin kyakkyawar germination na tsaba da kuma dasa tushen abubuwa, don haka ya fi kyau ku ciyar da lokaci don bincika su, kuma a cikin fewan watannin azalea za su faranta ido tare da kambi mai ban sha'awa.
