Shuke-shuke

Cyberidium na Orchid: bayanin, nau'ikan, kulawa

Cymbidium wata shuka ce daga dangin orchid. Asalinsu daga gandun daji na wurare masu zafi da kwari ne, China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, Thailand da Arewacin Ostiraliya. Yana nufin epiphytes - wakilan flora waɗanda ke girma a kan kututturen bishiya, amma kada ku yi laushi a kansu. Wasu nau'ikan lithophytes suna girma akan duwatsu ko ƙasa. A matsayin furanni na cikin gida, ana darajarta don kyawawan launukansa rataye da furanni masu ƙanshi.

Shimfidar Cychidium Orchid

Girma na cymbidium daga 20 cm zuwa 1 m, ya dogara da iri-iri. Tushen tushen yana da ƙarfi, yana shimfiɗa kai tsaye cikin zurfin. Gashi mai tushe ya fito ne daga pseudobulbs mai kyau wanda aka tattara a cikin kungiyoyi kusa, ya kai cm 15. Ganyayyaki masu launin fata ne, masu duhu a launi, tsayi da fadi, tare da ƙarshen kaifi.

An samar da Peduncles kai tsaye daga kwararan fitila, a ƙarshen suna ƙirƙirar inflorescences racemose. Kowane fure ya ƙunshi sepals da petals, yawanci ba sa banbanta da juna, da leɓuna uku na labed. Girman, inuwa da sihiri sun bambanta sosai dangane da iri-iri.

Nau'in nau'in Cymbidium Orchids

A cikin yanayin, akwai nau'ikan wannan orchid da yawa, amma ba dukansu sun dace da haɓaka a gida ba. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka zama ruwan dare gama gari, galibi nau'ikan ana samun su.

DubawaSiffofinFuranniLokacin ruwa
Lanceolate (Lancifolium)Karamin, fararen ganye har zuwa 30 cm tsayi.Game da 5 cm, whisk haske kore. Lebe yana da fari tare da tsiri mai tsage tare da lobes na gefe da dige a tsakiyar ta.Afrilu - Satumba.
Rawaya White (Eburneum)Peduncles har zuwa 30 cm, fure ɗaya ko biyu akan kowane.Game da 7 cm, creamy tare da tsakiyar rawaya. Smellanshin sa yajiFarkon bazara.
Tracy (Tracyanum)Tayi tsayi har zuwa 120 cm, har zuwa 20 buds a kan kowane shinge.Manyan (kimanin 13 cm), Corolla mai launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi tare da raɗaɗɗun madaidaicin launi mai launi. Lebe m speckled da wavy gefuna.Satumba - Disamba.
Aloifolium (Aloifolium)Tsawon sama har zuwa cm 30. Ganyen suna da launin toka.Kimanin 4 cm a diamita, rasberi tare da kirim ko iyakar rawaya.Kashi na farko na shekara, a cikin watan.
Daya (Dayanum)Ya girma zuwa mita biyu. Kayan ganye mai fadi da fadiKimanin 5 cm, tsintsiya mai tsami tare da raunin burgundy a tsakiyar. Lebe mai burgundy yana cikin tsaka mai haske, ƙananan lobe curls a gaba.Agusta - Oktoba.
(Ananan (Lowianum)Tsawon sama har zuwa mita, ya fita zuwa 75 cm.Kimanin cm cm 6. Yankakken fure-mai launin kore-kore. Lebe fari tare da alamar rasberi a cikin harafin "V".Fabrairu - Yuli.
Dwarf (Pumilium)Ganyen suna da kaifi, mai lankwasa, har zuwa cm 20. Peduncles game da 10 cm.Har zuwa 10 cm, launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi tare da gefuna launin rawaya. Lebe ya yi fari tare da ɗumbin rasberi da tsakiyar rawaya.Disamba - Maris, makonni 2-3.
Arboreal (Ensifolium)Kayan kai tsaye zuwa 60 cm.Kimanin 5 cm, hasken Corolla mai rawaya tare da ratsi ja. Lebe ya yi fari tare da launin ja.Janairu - Afrilu.
Abin al'ajabi (Insigne)Tsawan zuwa mita, saiti a kusa da cm 75. Baryoyin sun yi kauri, mai kauri.Har zuwa 8 cm, madaidaicin launuka masu launin shuɗi. Lebe ya fara da farin tabe.Fabrairu - Mayu.
GiganteumPeduncles suna da kauri, har zuwa 60 cm.Game da 10 cm, variegated, launin rawaya mai launin shuɗi a cikin wani tsage na burgundy. Lebe yana da fararen launuka masu launin ja da gefunan wuta.Nuwamba - Afrilu, makonni 3-4.

Siffofin cymbidium na cikin gida na cikin gida

Orchids, mazaunan manyan tsibiran, ana ɗaukar tsire-tsire masu ƙima.

Cymbidium yana daya daga cikin tsirrai mara misaltawa irinsu, amma har yanzu suna da matukar bukatar gaske.

Kyakkyawan kula da fure lokacin da girma gida ya haifar da ƙirƙirar microclimate muhimmi a cikin wuraren da aka samo asali. Misali, wannan orchid din yana cikin tsananin bukatar babban adadin yadudduka - ba tare da shi ba, ganyen ya zama ja, kuma fure baya faruwa. Bugu da ƙari, ta saba da zafi mai zafi, kuma bushewa a cikin ɗakin talakawa yana da mutuƙar mutuwa a gareta.

Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a tabbatar da bambanci na yanayi a yanayin haske, zafin jiki da kuma iskar iska da bambancin zazzabi dare da rana - ba tare da wannan ƙaramin damuwa ba, cymbidium ba zai yi fure ba.

Sharuɗɗa:

LokaciHaskeZazzabiHaushi
Lokacin bazara / bazaraWuri na kudu ko gabas tare da shading don guje wa hasken rana kai tsaye.A lokacin rana + 25 ... +30 ° С, da dare a kusa da +15 ° С.Ba kasa da 50% ba. Fesa kullun. Nan kusa an bada shawarar sanya humidifier ko saucer tare da ruwa ko gansakken lemo.
Lokacin sanyi / hunturuHaske a kalla awanni 12 a rana. A cikin gajeren lokacin hasken rana yana amfani da phytolamps.A cikin rana +15 ° С, da dare +11 ° С.Fesawa sau ɗaya a mako ko kuma dakatarwa idan iskar ta kasance da laushi.

Watse

Cymbidium yana buƙatar sosai game da matsayin mai a cikin tukunya. Idan ta bushe, shuka tayi toho kuma ta fara rasa kyan gani. Tare da waterlogging, akwai haɗarin cewa Tushen zai fara jujjuyawa. Sabili da haka, a lokacin girma, ya zama dole a lura da ƙasa sosai - yakamata ya zama ɗan laushi.

Don ban ruwa sha ruwa mai laushi mai laushi a zazzabi a daki (+ 25 ... +27 ° C). Yawan zubar da ruwa mai tarin yawa a cikin sump ɗin yana zuba nan da nan.

Bugu da kari, daga lokaci zuwa lokaci gudanar spraying tare da dumi ruwa daga shawa, shafa bayan wannan wuce haddi danshi daga cikin ganyayyaki da kuma sinuses sinuses.

Baya ga tsarin gargajiya na shayarwa da kuma shan ruwa, matattara tana dafe ta hanyar ramuka ta hanyar nutsewa. Don wannan, an sanya tukunya cikin ruwa na minti 40. Mataki ya kamata ya isa iyakar substrate.

Lokacin yin ruwa, kuna buƙatar la'akari da layin yanayi na orchid. Don haka, a cikin kaka da hunturu ana buƙatar ƙasa da yawa, kuma a cikin lokacin sanyi ana bada shawara don ƙara yawan zafin ruwa ta 2 ... 3 ° С.

YanayiA tazara tsakanin ruwa, a cikin kwanaki
Lokacin bazara7-8
Lokacin rani
Fadowa10-12
Hunturu14-15

Zaɓin tukunya, ƙasa da kuma kayan miya

Nasarar haɓakar cymbidium za ta buƙaci ƙarfin sabon abu. Halaye na ainihin tukunya:

  • Bayyanawa - tsirrai yana daukar haske daga tushen sa.
  • Tsarin elongated wanda ya dace da halayen tushen tsarin.
  • Kasancewar manyan ramuka na magudana a kasa da kuma bangon don musayar iska mai kyau.

Wiwi mafi dacewa shine tukunyar fure, an yi shi da filastik amintacce. Yana iya zama yumɓu, amma saiwoyin ke haifar da haɗarin rashin samun isasshen haske, akwati kuma da kansa dole ne ya fashe lokacin juyawa.

Ka tuna cewa orchids ba sa son lokacin da akwai filin da ba shi da yawa a cikin tukunyar. Nisa daga tushe zuwa bango kada ta fi 3 cm, kuma zuwa ƙasa - fiye da 5 cm.

Amfani da cymbidium shima ba ƙasa ce ta yau da kullun ba, ana amfani da ita ga sauran furanni na cikin gida. Abunda ya fi dacewa ya haɗa da murƙushe ƙwaƙwalwa, sphagnum, ƙasa mai ganye, yashi, perlite da gawayi a cikin rabo na 3: 2: 1: 1: 1: bi da bi.

Idan babu wata hanyar da za ku iya hadawa da kanku, zaku iya siyan kayan haɗin da aka shirya don orchids na ƙasa a cikin shagon.

Kuna buƙatar ciyar da shuka ta ƙara takin gargajiya na orchids a ruwa don ban ruwa. A wannan yanayin, ɗauki rabin abin da aka nuna akan kunshin. An bada shawara don yin wannan kowane ruwa na biyu, amma ba a lokacin fure ba - a wannan lokacin, takin yana contraindicated.

Juyawa

Ya kamata a dasa shuka lokacin da Tushen ta zama abin fashewa. Idan tukunya a bayyane take, ana iya ganin ta da ido. Idan ba haka ba, kuna buƙatar saka idanu lokacin da tushen ya fara haɓaka daga ramin magudanan ruwa. Bugu da kari, ana bukatar dasa wuri don farfadowa idan shuka tayi rashin lafiya.

Sabon tukunyar kada ta fi girma ta baya - kawai ƙara 3-4 cm zuwa faɗin kuma 5 cm zuwa zurfin.

Juyin dole ne a aiwatar da mataki-mataki:

  • A hankali cire shuka daga tukunya, da hankali kar a lalata tushen da kwararan fitila. Idan tukunya yumɓu ce, dole ne ku fasa.
  • A Hankali a share fitar da wuce haddi substrate, yanke da lalatattu da asalinsu lalace. Lafiya - rawaya, m da na roba ga taɓawa.
  • Kurkura da rhizome da ruwa mai ɗumi, bi da raunin da carbon ɗin da aka kunna.
  • Sanya wani yanki na magudanar ruwa a kasan tukunyar, yayyafa tare da sabon canzawa a saman.
  • Sanya shuka a cikin tukunya kuma ƙara abin da ya rage na daidai gwargwado kamar yadda ya gabata. Kar a zurfafa - Tushen ya kamata a bayyane a 1 cm.
  • Kayi wanka da yawa na yan kwanaki. Fesa ko shafa ganye kamar yadda ake buƙata.

Fulawa: kula a lokacin da kuma bayan

Sau da yawa masu noman furanni suna korafin cewa ba za su iya yin fure mai suna cymbidium ba. Wannan saboda wannan yana buƙatar yanayi masu yawa:

  • zazzabi a cikin dakin bai wuce +22 ° C ba;
  • bambanci na wajibi tsakanin zafin rana da dare - aƙalla 4 ° С;
  • haske mai yawa, amma kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye.

Ya kamata kuma a ɗauka a hankali cewa nau'ikan daban-daban na fure a lokuta daban-daban na shekara.

Flowering daukan mai yawa makamashi, don haka bayan shi da shuka fara a tsawon lokaci. Daidai ne, orchid yana fitar da abinci mai gina jiki daga tsohuwar farfajiya, kuma yana fara juyawa da bushewa. A wannan lokacin, ana iya yin pruning - an cire farfajiyar, yana barin wani yanki na tsawon 1-1.5 cm a gindi.

Wasu lokuta yakan faru cewa sababbin budsan itacen da ke fitowa a farfaji.

Barin shi yayi fure a karo na biyu a jere ba a bada shawarar ba - irin wannan damuwa na iya haifar da rashin lafiya ko ma mutuwa. Saboda haka, yanke ya kamata a yi nan da nan.

Kiwo

Hanya mafi sauki kuma mafi inganci ta yaduwa shine rarraba daji. Don kada a tayar da cymbidium a banza, ya fi dacewa a aiwatar dashi yayin juyawa na gaba.

Rhizome, an tsabtace shi daga ƙasa kuma a wanke shi da ruwa, ya kamata a shimfiɗa shi a hankali, wanda zai haifar da matsaloli - a gindi na pseudobulb yawanci ana ɗaure shi da kyau. Bayan haka, zaku iya fara rarrabawa. Kowane sashi dole ne ya ƙunshi aƙalla kwararan fitila guda uku, kuma aƙalla ɗayansu yana buƙatar samun tushen sahihiyar tushe. Irin wannan rabon ba zai sami wahalar dasawa ba.

Bayan rarrabuwa da cire wuraren lalacewar tushen, ana buƙatar kulawa da raunuka tare da ci - kuma kuna iya fara dasawa a cikin tukwane daban. Kula da sabbin tsirrai ba su da bambanci da dogaro da sabon sinadarin cymbidium.

Wannan orchid kuma za a iya girma daga tsohuwar ganye, daskarewa da ganuwar pseudobulb. Don wannan, an sanya kwan fitila a cikin kwantena a kan rigar cakuda haushi da daskararren-sphagnum kuma a sa shi a cikin wani wuri mai dumin duhu, lokaci-lokaci yana fesawa da ruwa. Bayan bayyanar tsiro da asalinsu, ana shuka shuka a cikin tukunya.

Florists wani lokacin suna sha'awar girma wannan fure daga tsaba. Amma a gida kusan ba zai yiwu ba - domin tsaba su tsiro, yanayi na musamman ya zama dole, gami da tsayayyen yanayin zafin jiki, gumi da acidity. Ko da tare da cikakken aiwatarwarsu, yawan tsirar tsiro da rayuwa mai fito ya ragu.

Mista Dachnik yayi bayani: kuskure a cikin kula da orchid na cymbidium da kawar dasu

Idan tsirrai ya fara rasa kyakkyawar bayyanar sa, waɗannan ba koyaushe alamun alamun cuta bane ko harin kwaro. Sau da yawa dalilin shine kuskuren kulawa.

Alamu a kan ganyayyaki, da dai sauransu.KuskureMagani
Juya launin rawaya da alagaba, zama mai kauri.Zazzabi dakin ya yi yawa.Daidai yanayin yanayin zafi; Kada ka sanya tukunya kusa da radiators.
Kunar ranaGuji fitowar hasken rana kai tsaye akan ganye. Cire daga windowsill ko samar da shading.
Lalacewa cikin asalin sa.Cire shuka daga tukunya, datsa Tushen rotted, bi da tare da gawayi, dashi a cikin sabon canzawa. Kayi wanka da yawa na yan kwanaki.
Pseudobulbs ya juya launin rawaya ya juya.Stagnation na danshi a cikin axils na ganye bayan watering.Yanke wuraren da suka lalace, bi da raunuka da gawayi, ba da izinin bushewa. Kar a ruwa a mako mai zuwa. Bayan an shayar da ruwa sannan a goge, a goge ganye don kada ruwa ya ragu a cikinsu.
Juya kodadde ko rawaya.Talauci ko yayi yawa a ruwa.Gyara tsarin ban ruwa, lura da yanayin canzawa.
Rashin haske.Bayar da hasken wutar lantarki a kalla 12 a rana. Idan ya cancanta, yi amfani da phytolamps.
Rashin abinci mai gina jiki.Takin tare da kowane ruwa na biyu, ban da lokacin furanni.
Duban ɗabi'a na ganye.Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, orchid ya bar tsohuwar ganye - wannan al'ada ce.
Hanyoyin sun zama baki.Kunar ranaGuji fitowar hasken rana kai tsaye akan ganye. Cire daga windowsill ko samar da shading.
Da yawa yalwa ruwa.Gyara tsarin ban ruwa, lura da yanayin canzawa.
An juya.Babban bambanci a zazzabi.Kada ku ɗauki fure a waje a lokacin sanyi.
Rashin abinci mai gina jiki.Don amfani da takin mai magani na potassium da magnesium tare da kowane ruwa na biyu, ban da lokacin furanni.

Cututtuka da kwari, hanyoyin kawar da kai

A wasu lokuta, cymbidium yana zama wanda aka azabtar da cututtuka daban-daban da hare-hare na kwaro.

Kwayar cutaDaliliHanyar gyarawaMatakan hanyoyin kariya
Kwayoyin launin shuɗi suna bayyana a ganye.Chlorosis - salinization na kasar gona.Fesa tare da bayani na taki.Tace ko kare ruwa don ban ruwa. Wannan zai hana wuce hadarin alli daga shiga cikin abin da yake canzawa, wanda ke tayar da jijiyar jiki, musamman yawan karfin ƙarfe.
Baƙar fata mai laushi ya bayyana a kan gidajen abinci na farantin ganye da kara. Itace ta fara faduwa.Fusariosis cuta ce ta fungal.Yanke wuraren da cutar ta shafa, ta lalata raunin, bayan bushewa, bi da Fundazole. Juyawa furen a cikin sabon canzawa.Yana hana waterlogging da salinization na kasar gona.
'Ya'yan ganye da ganye suna juye baƙi, lamuran ya bayyana kusa da asalinsu. Yana jin warin rot.Tushen rot.Don lalata shuka da tukunya, ba shi yiwuwa a warke.Yana hana waterlogging da stagnation na ruwa bayan ban ruwa. Ja magudana mai ruwa daga kwanon kai tsaye.
Ganyen furanni da furanni masu kauri da bushe. Haske na walƙiya ya zama a bayyane a kan furannin.Moral na hoto.
Kyakkyawan ruwan farin zai bayyana a farfajiya na tsiro. Sau da yawa, ƙananan kwari masu launin kore suna ganuwa tare da ido tsirara.Aphids.Kurkura orchid da soapy ruwa da kurkura a ƙarƙashin ruwan wanka. Bi da tare da magani na aphid (misali, Fitoverm).Don samar da matakin da ya dace na gumi a cikin ɗakin - ba kasa da 50-60%. Kada a bada izinin substrate ta bushe.
Bar bar launi, launin ruwan kasa tubercles bayyana a kansu.Garkuwa.Da hannu cire duk kwari daga farfajiya na fure, bi da ganyayyaki da mai tushe tare da soapy bayani, sannan tare da shirye-shiryen kwari (misali, Fosbecid ko Metaphos).