Muscari (Eubotrys, Botryanthus) - shuke-shuke na bulbous perennial, wanda aka fi sani da "viper albasa" da kuma "hyacinth". A karkashin yanayin yanayi, yana girma a cikin duwatsu da gandun daji na Crimea da Caucasus, yankin Rumunan, a kudancin Turai da tsakiyar Turai, da Asia Minor. Ganye ya zama shahararren musamman saboda farkon lokaci na muscari, idan aka kwatanta da sauran furanni. A saboda wannan dalili, furanni na hyacinth na linzamin sune batun wannan farauta kuma an yanke su a karkashin sahun farko.
Furen Muscari, mai kyau da kuma lokaci guda sosai mai banƙyama, ana amfani dashi a matsayin lambun lambu a cikin kayan lawn da lambun hanyoyi.
Har zuwa kwanan nan, an sanya furen muscari zuwa gidan liliaceae (hyacinths), daga bisani an kwatanta shuka kamar bishiyar asparagus (asparagus).
Shin kuna sani? An shuka wannan shuka ta wurin sunansa zuwa dan Birtaniya, mai suna Philip Miller, wanda ya yanke shawarar cewa shuka yana da wariyar musk. Ana kiransa furen "Sugar" ko "albasa" albasa domin bazara a kusa da waɗannan furanni sun lura da babban jigon maciji, saboda abin da aka kuskuren zaton cewa maciji suna cin abincin muscari. A gaskiya ma, macizai kawai suna tashi zuwa rudun rana, kuma muscari na girma a cikin yanayin yanayi a cikin ɗakunan haske da wuraren zafi. An yi lakabi '' 'linzamin' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' 'inna' '' '' '' saboda kamanninsa da wannan furen, ƙananan ƙananan da kuma inflorescence a cikin nau'i na inabõbi.
Muscari yana da kwararan fitila a kwai, an rufe shi waje tare da ma'aunin haske. Ganye yana da tsayi, har zuwa guda 6, yawanci yakan tashi a cikin bazara, amma wani lokacin maimaita bayan rani. Ana tattara furanni Muscari a cikin tsirrai har zuwa tsawon takwas cm, 'ya'yan itace itace, tsaba da launi baki, ƙanana da wrinkled.
Gidan yana da nau'o'in iri, kusan dukkanin su basu da kyau kuma suna da halaye na ado, amma yawanci sukan girma kamar shuka. Muscari Armenian, ko Colchis - shi ne mafi sanyi-resistant, flower bayyana a cikin marigayi spring, da flowering zamani ne makonni uku.
Shin kuna sani? Muscari yana hade da tsire-tsire mai ban sha'awa, amma wasu daga cikin nau'o'in suna da aikace-aikace masu amfani: daga muscari sukan samar da samfurori don ci gaba da hotunan, abubuwa masu lahani da suka hada da shampoos don gashi da wasu sha, Bugu da ƙari, an yi amfani da shi a maganin maganin kwayoyin diuretic da masu tasowa, har ma a cikin masana'antun ma'adinai.
Zabi wurin shuka Muscari
Noma na muscari a gonar ba ya da wahala sosai tare da zabi na wuri. Za a iya dasa shuka a ƙarƙashin itatuwan lambu, saboda albasarta na tsire-tsire suna furewa a farkon lokacin bazara, lokacin da ba a yi ado da ganye ba, don haka inuwa su karamin ne. A gefe guda kuma, Muscari, kamar sauran furanni, yana bukatar yawan launi, don haka kada a dasa wannan shuka a ƙarƙashin conifers da sauran sauran. Bugu da ƙari, Muscari ya kamata a kare shi daga gusts na iska. 
Ana iya shuka Muscari kai tsaye a kan lawn, a cikin bazara zai shafe bayyanar lawn. Duk da haka, a wannan yanayin ba zai yiwu a yanke ciyawa ba har sai muscari ganye sun mutu duka, in ba haka ba '' tsire-tsire '' '' '' ya fara zama mai zurfi sannan ya dakatar da kafawa. Lokacin zabar shafin don dasa shuki, ya fi kyau a ba da wani makirci don shuka wanda ya ba da damar dasa shi a cikin tudu, tare da yin amfani da masara da yawa wanda ya haifar da kyakkyawar haske mai launi a kan bayan ciyawa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tare da dukkan saɓo da rashin nasara, har ma a cikin wasu wurare masu shaded, muscari bai yarda da ƙasa maras kyau ba, saboda haka ya kamata a ba da wani ɓangare na gonar.
Muscari - tsire-tsire. Don kada a lalata kwararan fitila, bazai dasa su ba kusa da wuraren da ake ajiyewa na shekara-shekara na wasu furanni. Abokan abokantaka na muscari sune daffodils, crocuses, hyacinths, tulips da sauran furanni bulbous.
Bukatun shara
Muscari ya bunƙasa a ƙasa mai laushi kuma mai laushi da ruwa mai kyau.
Gaba ɗaya, waɗannan tsire-tsire ba sa sanya buƙatu mai girma a kan abun da ke ciki na ƙasa kuma zai iya jin dadi sosai a ko'ina. Duk da haka, mafi yawan aiki, mai kyau da ƙyawawan ƙwayar muscari za'a iya samuwa ta hanyar dasa shi a cikin wani haske ko matsakaici ƙasa tare da matakin pH 5.8 zuwa 6.5. Yana da kyau don ciyar da ƙasa kafin dasa shuki tare da takin gargajiya - alal misali, tare da humus ko takin. Kyakkyawan da ya dace da ƙasa na Muscari - jingina ba kawai tsawon lokaci ba ne, amma har ma da samuwar kwararan fitila.
Dukkan abubuwa game da dasa shuki transplanting da kiwo muscari
Muscari za a iya girma a hanyoyi biyu - iri da kuma vegetative. Yin la'akari da cewa 'yar yarinya wannan shuka ta samo asali ne da yawa, ana amfani dashi na biyu na haifa na muscari fiye da sau da yawa.
Wani lokaci muscari kuma girma ne ta hanyar dasa shuki seedlings da aka saya a cikin gandun daji. Tuni tanzari hyacinths na sayarwa a cikin tukwane a tsakiyar bazara kuma nan da nan an dasa su a cikin ƙasa.
Shuka Muskari Tsaba
Yawancin nau'in albarkatun tsire-tsire masu sauƙin yaduwa ta hanyar shukawa, wanda a cikin yanayin lambu ya zama hasara fiye da mutunci na shuka, tun da yake yana haifar da ci gaban rashin girma na ƙananan tsire-tsire. Don kauce wa wannan matsala nan da nan bayan flowering a Muscari, dole a yanke yankakken flower. Domin haifuwa da tsaba na muskari su bar har sai sun cika, kana buƙatar ainihin kwalaye kamar yadda ake bukata don amfani da baya.
Muscari ya kamata a dasa shuki da shuka bayan da aka tara, a cikin wannan kaka, a matsayin shekara ta gaba, a matsayin mulkin, sun rasa fure. Girman shuka shine 1-2 cm A cikin birane mai zuwa, tsaba suna tsiro a cikin nau'i na tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, amma samuwa na kwan fitila yana da dogon lokaci, sabili da haka muskari shuka daga tsaba fara farawa a baya fiye da shekara ta biyu, kuma sau da yawa kawai na uku.
Muddin kayan kiwo na Muscat Muscari
Hanyoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na muscari shine hanya na sassauran ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayar zuma da aka kafa akan iyaye. Don raba irin wannan jariri yana da sauki. Idan kwan fitila ya yi ƙananan ƙananan, an shuka shi don sakewa a kan gado na lambun razvodochnogo, duk sauran kwararan fitila za a iya dasa su nan da nan zuwa wuri na dindindin.
Muscari - ƙananan furanni, an dasa su a kan wata girma a cikin marigayi Agusta ko farkon watan Satumba. Game da yiwuwar dasa shuki ko shuka danyen albasa a cikin bazara, yana da kyau a ce cewa ba za a yi ba. Banda shi ne halin da ake ciki tare da muskarians a cikin tukunyar furen furewa balaga bayan hutun hunturu. Ga injin ba ta mutu ba, ana iya cire shi daga cikin tukunya, rabu da kwan fitila da shuka a bude ƙasa don hutawa. By fall, irin wannan kwan fitila za a iya fitar da kuma amfani da shekara ta gaba don girma a tukunya. 
Ya kamata a dasa gwangwani na Muscari da ke ƙasa daga bisani. Idan ana saya kwararan fitila a cikin kantin sayar da kayan lambu, kafin a dasa shuki, ya kamata a bincikar su sosai kuma a jefar da su daga kamuwa da cuta, masu ciwo ko cututtuka: kawai kayan lafiya ne za'a dasa.
An dasa shuki masu Muscari ba a rabuwa ba, amma a cikin na kowa, ba zurfi mai zurfi (sau uku fiye da tsawo na kwararan fitila). Don samin gadon filawa na ado, an bada shawarar shuka shuke-shuke iri daban-daban a cikin rami ɗaya - alal misali, muscari, daffodils, crocuses, da sauransu. Yana da kyau sosai, amma a lokacin da dasa shuki ya kamata a tuna cewa kwararan fitila daban daban na bukatar zurfin zurfin. Sabili da haka, saukowa yana gudana a cikin nau'i mai tsummoki: ana kwarara kwararan furen furen (irin su daffodils), sa'an nan kuma an yasa su da ƙasa, ana sanya fom din muscari a bisan, da dai sauransu.
Masarar muscari da aka dasa a cikin kaka sun riga sun fara a spring.
Yadda za a kula da kayan Muscari
Tun lokacin da muscari yayi kama da furen daji a sassa daban daban na duniya, yin amfani da shi ba kawai ba ne mai matsala ba, amma bazai iya aiwatar da shi ba tukuna: hawan hyacinth na linzamin yana iya iya tsayayya da hunturu, ya yi fure kuma yayi kanta ba tare da goyon baya ba. Amma, kamar yadda yake a cikin kowane shuka, kulawa da kulawa ya sa injin ya fi kyau, koshin lafiya kuma ya fi dacewa.
Watering muscari
Muscari yana buƙatar yawancin danshi a lokacin girma da kuma girma. Duk da haka, tun da wannan farkon farkon bazara, ƙasar a wannan lokaci ba ta bushe ba, saboda tsire-tsire yana cikin ƙasa bayan ruwan sama da ruwan sama. Yana da daraja watering muscari a wannan lokacin kawai idan hunturu ya snowless kuma spring ne iska kuma ba ruwa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan ruwa ya daskare a ƙasa, ƙoshin muscari na iya rusawa.
Makonni biyu bayan flowering muscari za a iya shayar da hankali a hankali, kuma bayan ganyayyaki sunyi launin rawaya da wilted, yana tsayawa gaba daya, saboda a lokacin sauran lokutan ba a buƙatar shuka ba.
Thincari Muscari
Kasancewa furen fure, a lokuta da yawa, Muscari ya samar da tsire-tsire, mai ƙanshi. Domin tsire-tsire ta bunkasa mafi kyau kuma ba ta tsoma baki tare da maƙwabta ba, wajibi ne a buƙaci iyalai irin wannan a cikin shekaru uku. An haɗa wannan hanya tare da dasa shuki a cikin sabon wurare, don haka ya kamata a yi daga Agusta zuwa Satumba.
Muscari yana jin dadin dasawa nan da nan har ma a lokacin flowering, amma a wannan yanayin, dole ne a yi amfani da kwanciyar hankali tare da samar da qasa, don kada ya lalace kuma ba dana kwanciyar hankali da asalinsu ba.
Taki da shuka abinci mai gina jiki
Ƙasar ƙasa mara kyau don muscari ya kamata a ciyar da kwayoyin. Idan ka yi haka kowace fall a lokaci guda yayin da kake yanki yankin, ana iya hawan husacinth a wuri guda har zuwa shekaru goma, yayin da lokacin da aka saba bayan lokaci ya zama lokacin da za a dasa dashi na bulb din muskari shekaru biyar.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ba'a da shawarar yin amfani da takin mai magani na asali daga dabba (sabo ne mai naman alade, kaza da kaza, da sauransu) don muscari. Amfaniyarsu tana taimakawa ga lalata kwararan fitila da ci gaban cututtuka.
Bayan flowering, yankan da stalks, kasar gona ya kamata a hadu da ruwa potassium-phosphorus mahadi. A lokacin kaka, idan shuka ba ta kai ga shekarun haihuwa ba, to sai a tsabtace shafin ta launin yellowed, sa'an nan kuma a cike da peat don hunturu. Bugu da ƙari, dace da noma da taki, kula da muscari ma yana buƙatar shinge da weeding, tun lokacin da weeds zasu iya tasiri sosai ga tsarin bulb.
Storage of muscari kwararan fitila
Kamar yadda aka fada, muscari da aka yi amfani da albarkatun itace ana shuka su ne a wani sabon wurin nan da nan. Duk da haka, akwai lokuta idan ya wajaba don adana kwararan fitila har sai kakar ta gaba. Domin kwanciyar hankali ya dace da dasa bayan ajiya, dole ne a zabi lafiya da kuma girma (akalla 1 cm a diamita) samfurori.
Ya kamata a rarrabe kwararan fitila ta girman da kuma wanke, sannan a bi da shi tare da wakili na antifungal. Don wadannan dalilai, duk wani fungicide (bayani na potassium permanganate, Bordeaux ruwa, Fitosporin, da dai sauransu) zai dace. Kasuwancen da aka saya a shagon bazai buƙaci a sarrafa su ba, ya isa su tabbatar da yanayin ajiya da aka nuna akan kunshin.
Ya kamata a bushe kwararan fitila a cikin kwanaki 2-3 a dakin da zafin jiki, sa'an nan kuma a sanya shi a cikin cakuda peat ko cikin yashi mai tsabta;
Sanya kayan da aka tanadar ajiya a cikin duhu, wuri mai daɗi da yanayin zafin jiki (17 - 18 ° C) da zafi (kusan 70%).
Cikin tsawon lokacin ajiya, wajibi ne a kula da albasarta akai-akai don kasancewa da ɓarna ko juyawa. Irin waɗannan takardun suna fuskantar sauƙin cirewa.
Ya kamata a sake lura cewa muscari yana da wuya a bar shi don adana kwararan fitila, tun lokacin mafi kyawun lokacin shuka shi ne kaka, kuma a cikin fall cewa ana kwararan kwararan furen tsire-tsire.
Cututtuka da kwari da rigakafin su
Babbar abokin gaba na Muscari ita ce kwayar launin rukuni mai launin rawaya wadda ta haifar da cututtuka irin su mosaic. Yana shafar ganye, ya rage girman kiban da kuma sakamakon hakan yana jinkirta ci gaban albasa. Muscari yana shan wahalar mosaic na kullum, wanda ya lalata ganye.
Mai dauke da wadannan cututtuka shi ne aphid, don haka ya kamata a yi amfani da matakan tsaro don magance wannan kwaro. Kyakkyawan hanya ita ce mafita ga kowane samfurin sabulu, wanda aka lalata yankin aphids.
Tsire-tsire masu kamuwa da mosaic ba za a iya magance su ba, dole ne a fitar da su nan da nan ba tare da tausayi ba, tun da cutar za ta iya yadawa zuwa ƙananan tsire-tsire.
Wani mummunar mummunar cuta ga muscari shine gizo-gizo mite Don yaki da shi yadda ya kamata tare da shirye-shiryen "Fitoverm", "Acrofit" da "Vertimek".
A ƙarshe, muscari shine abincin da ya fi so na rodents, sama da duka, yankakken filin. Don kare gadon filawa daga wannan annoba, zaka iya amfani da replanting na shuke-shuke, ƙanshi wanda rodents ba su yi haƙuri. Wannan na iya zama tafarnuwa na yau da kullum ko kuma tashar sararin samaniya (wannan yana da kyau sosai, don haka zai taimakawa da cikakke). Tsarin tsire-tsire na iya tsoratar mice, alal misali, furen daji.
Gaba ɗaya, kulawar Muscari ba ta da wata matsala. Yana da sauƙin girma cewa duk wanda zai iya farawa zai iya ɗaukar wannan aikin. Kuma idan tsawon lokacin shuka ya fara rasa bayyanarsa da ingancin furanni, yana nufin cewa lokaci ne kawai don sake sake shi.
