A cikin wurare masu yawa - shi ne kayan ado na tituna, a cikin lambunmu - wani bako mai ban mamaki. A gida, a Haiti, ana amfani da hibiscus don yin ado da bukukuwan aure, kuma a Misira, abin sha na furanni - hibiscus - an dauki abin sha da ƙarfinsa. Yankin rarraba shi mai girma ne - yana da Sin, Indiya da dukan kudu maso gabashin Asiya.
Hibiscus lambu sun sami karbar sanannun lambun mu don manyan kyawawan furanni da dama da kuma sha'anin su. A cikin yanayi, yana da fiye da 200 nau'in, kuma godiya ga kokarin masu shayarwa a cikin gidãjen Aljanna, fiye da 500 hybrid iri dake Bloom.
Abubuwan da aka kwatanta da lambun hibiscus
Hibiscus wata shekara ce ta ganye ko ganye mai kyau na iyalin Malvaceae, ana iya raba shi zuwa kungiyoyi uku:
- shrub da shrub;
- ciyawa hibiscus;
- treelike
Ƙananan ciyawa masu ciyawa, zuwa 80 cm, suna da kyau a matsayin raguwa dabam-dabam, zasu iya samun nasarar zubar da wurare marasa kyau a gonar ko ƙananan kayan aiki. Wani shuki mai girma har zuwa mita 3 zai zama kyakkyawan shinge mai kyau da za ku iya shinge wani makirci. A takaice dai, hibiscus yana da kyau a zane wuri.
A cikin ƙasashe masu zafi, ana yi wa ƙananan biranen ado da ƙananan, ƙananan itatuwan furanni.
A cikin yanayin zafi, Syriac hibiscus aka kama ta fiye da kowane nau'i saboda ta sanyi juriya. A cikin layi na cikin gida, masu shuka suna son hibiscus na kasar Sin ko, kamar yadda ake kira shi, Harshen chinese.
Kulawa da su yana da bambanci daban-daban, houseplant yana buƙatar karin ƙoƙari don kula da shi a cikin tsarin ado mai kyau. Kodayake ko a lokacin sauran lokuta, lokacin da bishiya ya kasance kore, yana da kyau a ciki.
Tushen tushen
Hibiscus tushen tsarin gauraye - Akwai taproot, wanda aka rufe shi da dama harbe. Girman tushen tsarin da sauri, sabili da haka dakin wani zaɓi hibiscus bukatar replant akai-akai yayin da yake girma.
Babu buƙatar sake dasa hibiscus, zai iya girma sosai a wuri ɗaya na shekaru masu yawa tare da kulawa mai kyau.
Barrel
A cikin shrubs da ƙananan bishiyoyi, an rufe gangar jikin da haushi. Zaka iya shuka tsire-tsire masu tsayi, amma a cikin tubs. Wasu lambu suna shuka wannan dalili iri biyu ko uku da nau'o'in furanni daban-daban.
Yayinda suke tayar da kullun yayin da suka girma, zaka iya samun kyakkyawan itace.
A cikin lambuna, zaka iya girma kowane irin hibiscus - herbaceous, shrub da itace.
Furen da ganye
Bar duk irin hibiscus babban (har zuwa 5 cm) mai haske kore. A daban-daban iri, da ganye na iya zama daban-daban siffofi - kawai m, tare da clove a kusa da gefen da kashi uku. Yaren mutanen kasar Sin suna da santsi da haske, yayin da lambun (Siriya) ganye sunyi sanyi, dan kadan ne.
Flowers - babban kayan ado na shuka - zai iya zama sau biyu kuma mai sauki, ja, ruwan hoda, rawaya, fari da m. Duk da haka, masu shayarwa sun yi ƙoƙari don kowa yă iya samun fure zuwa ga ƙaunarsu. Furen Hibiscus babban - har zuwa 13 cm a diamita.
Hibiscus lambu - girma da kulawa
Ba tare da kokari ba, hibiscus zai yi ado gonar daga farkon Yuni zuwa farkon watan Satumba tare da mai haske, wanda ba shi da fure. Wannan baƙo na bakin ciki ba ya bukatar kulawa fiye da sauran tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire.
A zabi na hibiscus a cikin lambu (yanayin haske da yanayin zafi)
Kafin dasa shuki hibiscus, wajibi ne a tantance wurin da zai zama dadi. Dole ne a zabi shi, bisa ga halaye na shuka kuma ya ba haka Mai yiwuwa bazai buƙaci dashi don shekaru ba.
Hibiscus zai girma da kyau a cikin wuri mai duhuinda ba su da karfi.
Hasken penumbra zai iya motsawa, amma mai karfi mai inganci bai dace da shi ba, zai rinjayi flowering.
Dasa a cikin ƙasa
Zabi wani wuri, kana buƙatar shirya shi. Dole ne ƙasa ta kasance iska da ruwa mai lalacewa, sabili da haka, dole ne a yayyafa shi da kasa da kuma yashi. Organics a cikin nau'i na humus kuma ba ya ji rauni. Zaɓin zaɓi zai kasance ƙara perlite da yankakken haushi. Yawancin kasar gona ya zama dan kadan acidic, mai tsabta.
Sa'an nan kuma rami ya shirya don dasa. A matsayinka na mulkin, ana shuka shuka daga tanki inda aka girma daga tsaba ko cuttings. Dole ne ya kasance zurfi da kuma fadi fiye da wannan damar. Kafin dasa, zuba kimanin lita 5 na ruwa a ciki. Da zarar an sha ruwa a cikin ƙasa, rami yana shirye don dasa. An saukar da shuka a tsaye cikin ƙasa.
A cikin yanayin sanyi, hibiscus ya kamata a dasa shi da zurfi fiye da zafi. A yankunan kudancin lokacin dasa shuki ana bada shawarar barin sashi daga asalinsu a sama.
Shuka hibiscus samar a farkon lokacin bazara.
Gudun daji na shinge hibiscus bai kusan bukata ba. Amma idan irin wannan buƙatar ya tashi, ya kamata a yi shi a farkon lokacin bazara kuma ta amfani da wannan fasaha kamar saukowa.
Watering
Hibiscus ba zai jure wa danshi ba, saboda haka kana buƙatar ruwa ne kawai bayan jira na ƙasa bushe. Amma ba za ka iya overdry shi.
Yana da kyau ga ruwa da yawa, amma ba sau da yawa.
Air iska
Babu bukatun musamman na iska don zafi na hibiscus. A cikin shari'ar idan aka canja shi zuwa ginin don hunturu (alal misali, misali samfurin girma a cikin baho), ya kamata fesa.
Top dressing
Hibiscus na gode wa dogon lokaci don ciyarwa mai kyau. Shuka Yana son ƙasa mai kyauSaboda haka a lokacin kakar ya kamata a hadu a kowane mako 2.
Don yin wannan, yi amfani da takin mai magani tare da abun ciki na phosphorus da karamin nitrogen da aka haxa da takin gargajiya. Lokacin da ake shirya hunturu, ana kara potassium zuwa taki domin hibiscus zai iya jure wa yanayin zafi mai kyau.
Flowering
Tsiran Hibiscus ya fara a tsakiyar Yuni kuma ya ƙare a farkon watan Satumba. Wani ɓangare na shi shine rayuwar budurwa. Bayan an fure shi da safe, zai iya bushe kuma ya fadi da yamma, kuma gobe wata sabuwar fure ta bayyana a wannan wuri.
Pruning
Trimming wata hanya ce mai muhimmanci ga hibiscus. Don haka akwai wajibi ne don shirya kayan aiki - pruners, wuka, karamin hacksaw, idan rassan ba su da damar yin amfani da kayan wuta. Duk wannan dole ne a sanitized da ƙasa. Ayyuka masu fashewa zasu iya lalata shuka.
An yanke rassan tare da kullun, tare da ƙananan gefen yanke ya kamata a sanya shi a cikin daji, da kuma saman - fitar. Bai kamata a yanke fiye da tsawon rassa 23 ba, zai iya halakar da hibiscus.
Pruning an hõre kawai itace hibiscus da shrubs.
Irin pruning
1. Spring pruning, stimulating flowering.
Tsarin hibiscus shine irin wannan budurwa ana kafa shi a ƙarshen reshe. Girman bishiyoyi a cikin idon ruwa ta kashi daya bisa uku na girma na bara ya bunkasa girma daga wasu rassan, a ƙarshen waɗannan furanni zasu yi fure.
2. Dubucewa ko tsabtace tsabta.
Idan rassan sun yi girma sosai a lokacin farin ciki, ya kamata a fitatse su, cire raunana da busassun harbe, kazalika da tsoffin rassan. A lokaci guda kana buƙatar bincika ingancin don gaban ƙwayoyin ƙwaro, wanda zai iya cin sabo mai tsayi da buds.
Wadanda aka lalace ko kuma lalacewa an yanke su zuwa kayan lafiya. Alamar alama ce ta launi na itace a kan yanke. Idan farin ne, to, wannan ɓangaren reshe marar lahani ne.
3. Adalci mai tsabta.
Wani daji wanda ya girma karfi ko ya rasa siffarsa za'a iya gyarawa, don sake mayar da ita zuwa siffar kyawawan dabi'u. Yanke rassan rassan guda uku, da karfi da ke nunawa sama da kambin daji. Pruning yana kimanin tsawon 13 ne kawai a saman bud.
4. Radically pruning.
Ana yin haka idan an yi barazanar shuka tare da mutuwa. Dukkan rassan an yanke kusan gaba daya. Idan ingancin ya zama abin rayuwa, to, zamu iya fatan cewa daji za ta iya farfadowa.
5. Kwanan pruning.
An gudanar a watan Satumba, bayan flowering. Ba za ku iya yanke itacen ba a ƙarshen kaka kafin farawar sanyi, in ba haka ba a cikin bazara ba zai iya ba da girma na al'ada ba.
Ya kamata tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire su yi laushi. a cikin nau'i na nadai A wannan yanayin, kawai ƙananan rassan an yanke don su iya reshe kuma su ba da furanni.
Hanyoyin Hibiscus
Hibiscus yana da kyau sosai kuma baya buƙatar yanayi na musamman don ci gaba da ci gaban matasa.
Akwai hanyoyi da dama na haifuwa:
- tsaba;
- cuttings;
- rabo daga cikin daji.
Sauya ta hanyar cuttings
- An yanke cuttings a cikin rani tare da matasa. Ya kamata su kasance maki biyu na girma.
- An lalata katsewa tare da tushen ko wani ci gaba mai bunkasawa kuma an dasa shi cikin cakuda yashi da peat 1: 1.
- Yawan zafin jiki na abun ciki bai kamata ya kasance a ƙasa +23 digiri ba. Gyara yana faruwa a cikin makonni 3-4 bayan dasa.
- An dasa kayan da aka sassafe a cikin rufin ƙasa daga ƙasa mai kyau tare da humus da yashi da kuma shayar da ruwa.
Tsarin iri
- Tsaba suna presoaked ga wata rana a cikin wani girma stimulant bayani;
- su ma sun shuka a cikin wani cakuda yashi da peat a nesa na 5-7 mm daga juna;
- an rufe akwati da fim ko gilashi;
- watering da samun iska ana ci gaba da kai;
- yanayin mulki ba kasa da +25 digiri;
- An yi nishaɗi lokacin da 'yan ganye suka bayyana.
Ƙasa tare da shuka iri yana buƙatar ƙasa mai zafi.
Hibiscus yayi girma daga tsaba, yawanci ya yi girma a shekara ta uku.
Sake haifuwa ta rarraba daji
- An kirar daji daga ƙasa;
- wani wuka mai kaifi rhizome ya kasu kashi;
- dasa kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama a cikin sashe "Shuka a ƙasa mai bude."
Hanyoyin kulawa a cikin fall
A cikin fall, hibiscus ya shirya don aminci wintering. Zuwa wannan ƙarshe, a watan Satumba, ana yin furanni da haske tare da takin mai magani da man fetur.
Kafin ingancin sanyi wani daji yana shayar sau ɗaya kuma sosai. Bayan 'yan kwanakin, ya zama spud.
A watan Nuwamba, dole ne a warke da shuka tare da ciyawa da tsari.
Ƙungiyoyi sun durƙusa zuwa ƙasa kuma an rufe shi da zane na musamman.
Sama da ƙananan ƙananan bishiyoyi za ku iya sanya akwatin kuma ku rufe su da zane. Ana iya yin wannan lokacin da zazzabi a waje yana ƙasa da +5 digiri.
Matsaloli, cututtuka da kwari
Matsaloli za ku iya haɗu yayin girma hibiscus:
- faduwa da flower buds yana nufin abinci mara kyau ko wuce kima watering;
- yellowing na babba ganye da kuma faduwa da ƙananan ganye - wuce haddi na baƙin ƙarfe a cikin ruwa don ban ruwa;
- yawancin koren taro da kuma rashin flowering - ragi na nitrogen a cikin taki;
- Rushewar ganye - rashin danshi.
Kwayar da wannan shuka ke nuna shine chlorosis. Wannan mummunar cuta ce. Zai iya zama ciwo mai cututtuka kuma marasa ciwo. Kwayoyin chlorosis ne ke daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar kwari, don haka mataki na farko shi ne yaki da su.
Yawan daji ya kamata a canza shi zuwa wani wuri, ƙarfafa ciyarwa kuma a kai a kai.
Chlorosis ba tare da cututtuka ba zai iya faruwa a yanayin ingancin wuce gona ko kuma idan hibiscus yayi girma a cikin inuwa. Bukatar dashi shi a wuri mai haske kuma daidaita yanayin watering.
Kwaro:
- Aphid Yana da mai dauke da kamuwa da cuta da kuma lalata shuka kanta, musamman matasa.
- Fungal sauro sa qwai da kuma ci shuka.
- Tsuntsaye da tsalle-tsalle suna rinjayar buds, wanda zai haifar da fadowa.
- Wani abun da ake amfani da shi da kuma gizo-gizo gizo-gizo mite ya rufe ganye tare da launin rawaya da fari.
Gudanar da magungunan ciwon kwari sune samfurori ne da aka shafe tare da daji.
Daga farfajiyar fungal yana taimakawa wajen maganin sabulu, wanda za'a iya karawa da taki kuma ya yada su da sarari a kusa da daji.
Amfani masu amfani da hibiscus
Bugu da ƙari, irin yanayin da aka samu na hibiscus, ba shakka ba ne, ya tabbatar da ƙarni amfanin kiwon lafiya. Hanyoyi na ciki suna tsarkake iska cikin dakin.
Kusan duk sassa na shuka su ne masu cike da kuma a cikin bitamin. Carket shayi yana da ikon sarrafa jini, yana dauke da antioxidants da abubuwa da suke mayar da aikin hanta.
Fure ba kawai kyau, amma kuma da amfani, ba wuya a kula da iya rayuwa tsawon kuma ni'ima masu mallakar tare da launuka mai haske a duk lokacin bazara.
Hotuna
Ƙarin hotuna na hibiscus lambu duba a kasa:
