Gazania ko Gazania - Wannan shine daya daga cikin wakilan iyalin Astrov. Wannan '' asalin '' na Afirka ya ci gaba da samun tushe a cikin yanayinmu kuma ya zama masoyan lambu. Ana kuma kira Gazan da ake kira Chamomile Afrika.
Shin kuna sani? Fasaha za a yi cikakken bayani kawai a kwanakin rana.
Gazan: bayanin da aka shuka
Wannan shi ne mai girma-shrub mai girma girma a kan rubling, sako-sako da ƙasa a cikin wuraren da m. Yadda siffofin ganye da aka tattara a cikin basal rosette su ne yatsun hannu, linzamin kwamfuta, elongate-lanceolate ko pinnate. Don riƙe da danshi, suna da matsayi na musamman.
Harshen tushen yana taimaka wa shuka don samun ruwa daga zurfin ƙasa. Ƙananan hanyoyi suna iya kaiwa daga 5 zuwa 10 cm a diamita. Akwai bambanci daban-daban, dangane da nau'in iri iri iri (ja, orange, rawaya, fari). A tsakiyar babban kwandon an sanya kananan furanni, inda aka kafa tsaba.
Samar da gasanii yadda za a kara girma daga dangin
Gatsania, a cewar masu tsinkar furen masana, shine da shuka shi ne quite capricioussabili da haka, dasawa da kula da shi a filin bude yana da wasu siffofin da kake buƙatar sani.
A lokacin da za a shuka kazarin
Fabrairu-Maris ana daukar su ne mafi kyawun lokaci domin dasa shuki gadaje, tun da yake a wannan lokaci lokutan hasken rana yana karuwa. Kwanan wata ana lissafta bisa ga gaskiyar cewa daga bayyanar sabbin furanni zuwa flowering na shuka yana daukar watanni 2.5-4. A cikin yanayin da aka dasa a baya, harbe zai iya zama rauni saboda rashin haske na halitta.
Shin kuna sani? A cikin ƙananan masana'antu, suna yin aikin hunturu na ciyawa, suna nuna alamar fitilu da fitilu.
Inda za a shuka gatsanyu
Gatsania yana buƙatar noma da kulawa a kowane mataki, farawa tare da shirye-shirye na kasar gona don dasa shuki tsaba.
Ya kamata kasar gona ta zama haske, mai tsabta, tare da pH na 5.8-6.2 da kuma EC na 0.5-0.75, musamman ma idan aka dasa shuka a kashin.
Bayan makonni bakwai bayan dasa shuki da tsaba a cikin cassettes 25 da kuma bayan makonni 5-6, idan yawan ƙaramin kashin ya karami, dole ne a dasa tsire-tsire a cikin tukwane. Dole ne a sanya tsaba a kowanne. Suna tsira da germination na tsawon shekaru 2.
Yana da muhimmanci! A matsayin wani zaɓi, dasa hatsari a Afirka a cikin tukunyar kaya na musamman ko kwayoyi.
Yadda za a shuka Gidajen
Kafin dasa shuki, kasar gona tana karami sosai kuma tana shayarwa. An sanya tsaba a nesa na 2-3 cm daga juna a cikin wani akwati mai launi, an rufe ta da bakin ciki na kasa da ƙasa kuma an damu da shi da ruwa. Sa'an nan kuma an ajiye takardun da tsare kuma an rufe su cikin m polyethylene, suna barin iska. Dole ne a sanya zane a cikin haske, dakin dumi.
Sabili da haka, za a bayar da mahimman yanayi na fara fitowa da harbe - zafi mai tsanani, isasshen hasken lantarki da iska mai iska na 21-24 ° C. Lokaci-lokaci, kasar gona tare da tsaba dole ne a fesa, kuma dole ne a aike da karamin gilashi. Za a shuka tsaba a ranar 6-14.
Yadda za a kula da katun zuma
Bayan bayyanar sautin m, yawan zafin jiki a cikin greenhouse ya rage zuwa 15-18 ° C. Har ila yau, rage watering. Bayan 'yan kwanaki bayan da aka jefa kuri'a, a lokacin da farkon ganye ba su bayyana ba, kana buƙatar shing down saukarwa. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da filastik da kaya. A daidai wannan lokacin ya kamata ya damu da mafi girma tushen.
Idan babu lokaci ko sha'awar shiga cikin ruwa na ruwa, shuka tsaba kamata su kasance daga juna da cikin manyan kwantena. 7-10 kwana bayan daukana ciyar da tazarar hadadden ma'adinai mai mahimmanci. Idan ya cancanta, sake maimaita hanya.
Kafin saukowa a filin bude seedlings durƙusheta hanyar fitar da iska mai tsabta.
Shuka gazaniya a bude ƙasa
Masana ilmantarwa sun bayar da shawarar dasa shuki shuka a karo na biyu na watan Mayu - farkon rabin Yuni. Dole a sanya nisa a nesa na akalla 20 cm daga juna. Sa'an nan Afrika da daɗewa zai yi farin ciki da furanni. Amma na farko daga cikinsu dole ne a cire shi don shuka ya sami ƙarfi da ƙarfafa tushen tsarin.
Gatsania: ka'idodin kulawa
Fure masu girma suna buƙatar wasu kulawa. Sai dai kawai zamu iya tsammanin cewa injin zai faranta maka rai tare da siffofin lush da yawan furanni.
Yaya za a ba da ruwa ga yankuna
Gazania yana bako ne daga kasashe masu zafi a cikin gadaje na furanni, saboda haka yana jure wa fari sosai. Mafi yawan cututtuka ga shuka zai haifar da matsanancin watering, wanda tushen sa zai fara.
Akwai haɗarin cututtuka masu tasowa, ciki har da kayan gwiwar launin toka. Kirar Afirka yana buƙatar karin lokacin rani na bushe ba tare da ruwan sama ba. Za a ajiye shi daga yankan furanni.
Top dressing da kula da ƙasa
10-15 days bayan dasa shuki da shuka a cikin ƙasa bude, yana da muhimmanci don ciyar da shi tare da hadaddun ma'adinai da ma'adinai. Add 20-25 g na taki da 1 square. m na ƙasa.
A nan gaba, wannan hanya ana maimaita sau ɗaya a wata har sai flowering. Hakanan ciyarwa zai iya karuwa a yanayin yanayin girma da tsire-tsire a ƙasa mara kyau da cikin kwantena. Kafin kuma bayan da takin gargajiya dole ne a shayar da ita.
Kula da ƙasa yana da lokaci (sau ɗaya kowace makonni 2-3) kauce wa weeds da sassauta ƙasa.
Trimming gasanii
Pruning gasanii yana tsaftacewa na furanni na furanni, don haka tsire-tsire ba zai ciyar da su ba. Kuma ko da yake da tsaba ci gaba a nan, bushes ba su ninka da shuka kai.
Yadda za a ci gaba da tabbatarwa a cikin hunturu
Kula da kayan ta'aziyya a cikin hunturu ba wuya. Tun da yake wannan tsire-tsire mai zafi ne, ba zai yiwu a bar shi a ƙasa don hunturu ba, lalle zai mutu. Yana da kyau ga dashi bushes a cikin kwalaye ko manyan tukwane da kuma barin a cikin wani wuri mai sanyi har sai spring.
Yana da muhimmanci! Yanayin zafin jiki a cikin dakin inda gadaje ke samuwa a cikin hunturu bazai fada a kasa digiri ba.
Wani zabin don adana chamomile na Afirka a cikin hunturu - girma a cikin vases. Lokacin da farko na farko sanyi, kawai kayi buƙatar ɗaukar shuka a cikin gidan. Idan kana son shi ya yi tsawon tsayi, ya kamata ka ba da ƙarin haske.A lokacin hunturu, shuka yana buƙatar watering ne kawai har ƙasa ba ta bushe ba, amma ba haka ba.
Girman fure ta hanyar yankan
Gatsanii cututtuka ana gudanar da su a tsakiyar lokacin rani. Don yin wannan, a gindin ƙafar a hankali yanke gefe na gefen lafiya. Ana sanya su kafin tushen sun bayyana a cikin wani bayani na wani mai cin gashin ci gaba, misali, 0.5% indolyl-butyric (IMC) ko 0.1% naphthylacetic acid (NAA).
Cuttings kare kariya daga fitarwa da hasken rana kai tsaye, girma cikin haske mai kyau kuma a zafin jiki na 15-18 ° C. Watering na bukatar matsakaici.
Masana sun ba da shawara, da farko, su tuna cewa furancin furanni shine tsire-tsire mai zafi, zafi da ƙwarewa mai haske, sannan kuma babu matsaloli a dasa shuki da kulawa.
