Abin ban sha'awa iri-iri na tumatir "Liana": menene ya bambanta, bayanin, halaye, hotuna

Daga cikin manyan nau'o'in tumatir iri daban-daban yana da wuya a zabi daya. Mutane da yawa lambu dasa a kan shafukan saba, jarrabawar lokaci. Mafi shahararrun su shine Liang.

Idan kana buƙatar cikakken bayani game da iri-iri, halayensa na ainihi kuma kana so ka san komai game da halaye na noma, to sai ka karanta labarin mai zuwa. A ciki zaku sami iyakar bayanai masu amfani.

Tafiyar tumatir: bayanin iri-iri

Ma'aibin shine Maigidan Transnistrian NIISH. Irin wannan tumatir an bred a Moldova. A cikin Jihar Register of the Russian Federation da aka hada a ƙarshen 1990s don namo a cikin Central da Gabas Siberian yankuna. Babban manufacturer: agrofirm Cedek.

Wannan shi ne farkon cikakke high-samar da gwaggwabar riba iri-iri.. Daga fitowar harbe har girbi na ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 85-100. Bisa ga bisan, an samo magungunan Lyana m da Caspar F1.

Aji ne takaice, kai a tsawo na 40-50 cm, matsakaici branching, karfi leafy. Ba ya shafi nau'ikan iri. By nau'i na girma - determinant. Zai fi dacewa ta samar da ita a cikin wani tushe.

Gidan yana da tsada sosai. Ganye ne ƙananan, duhu kore, dan kadan shafe. An gabatar da ƙananan hanyoyi masu sauki a sama da ganye 5-6, da na gaba - bayan 1-2 ganye. Daidai don girma a waje ko a greenhouses.. Ba damuwa da sauyin canji na kwatsam ba, zai iya samar da kyakkyawan sakamako, koda a yanayi mara kyau.

Babu shakka ba mai saukin kamuwa ga apical 'ya'yan itace rot, resistant zuwa na kwayan cuta da bushe spotting. Kwayoyin za su iya shawo kan bishiyoyin septoria da marigayi. Ƙananan sau da yawa ana fallasa su da cutar mosaic ta taba. Tare da noma mai kyau daga daji zai iya tattara 2-3 kg tumatir.

Abin sha'awa, a Gabashin Siberia, yawan amfanin ƙasa shine 4-4.5 kg kowace shuka. Ganin cewa a cikin yankin tsakiya na Rasha, wannan adadi yana daidaita da iyakar 3 kg. Kodayake a Siberia, cikakkiyar ripening daga 'ya'yan itatuwa ya zo kadan daga baya, bayan kwanaki 110-115 bayan germination.

Hanyoyin amfanin gonar wasu sune kamar haka:

Halaye

Tumatir suna zagaye a siffar, ƙananan girman da haske ja a launi. Matsakaicin nauyin 'ya'yan itace 50-80 gr. Tumatir da fata mai laushi, matsakaicin matsakaici, 'ya'yan itatuwa suna da yawa, suna da matsakaici na 2-3 ɗakunan, yawan tsaba yana da kusan 0.30%. Bayanin kwayoyin halitta ba fiye da 6% ba, kuma sugars - 4%, acidity yana da wuya: daga 0.4 zuwa 0.8%.

Nauyin 'ya'yan itatuwa a tumatir na sauran iri, duba a kasa:

Ƙara koyo game da cututtukan tumatir mafi yawan gaske a greenhouses a nan. Za mu kuma gaya maka hanyoyin da za mu magance su.

A kan shafin yanar gizon zamu sami bayanan abin dogara game da irin wannan mummunan yanayi kamar Alternaria, Fusarium, Verticillis, Phytophlorosis da hanyoyi don karewa daga Phytophthora.

Tsarin tumakin Liang suna sananne ne ba kawai don dandano mai kyau ba, amma har ma suna da nauyin abun da ke ciki na carotene, Bamin bitamin da kwayoyin acid. Alal misali adadin ascorbic acid shine 9-12 MG da 100 g na samfurin.

Tumatir yi haƙuri da sufuri da kuma dace da ajiya na dogon lokaci. A wasu yanayi (iska t + 8-10OM da zafi 85%), ana iya kiyaye 'ya'yan itace har zuwa watanni 2.5-3. Wannan cikakkiyar nau'ikan iri-iri. Tumatir suna da kyau ga canning, pickling da pickling.. Ana iya amfani da su don yin juices, sauces da purees.

Saboda yawancin abubuwan gina jiki da ake amfani dasu akai-akai a shirye-shiryen abinci na baby. Very dadi sabo ne tumatir. Suna da dandano mai dadi tare da ƙananan miki. Lyana ne na musamman a cikin cewa 'ya'yan itatuwa suna dace da aiki a kowane lokaci na maturation.

Wannan tumatir yana da amfani mai yawa. Abubuwan haɗi sun haɗa da:

• farkon balaga;
• abokantaka;
• amfani da duniya;
• jure wa cututtuka da yawa;
• kyakkyawar tashar sufuri;
• dandano mai dadi;
• high sinadirai darajar;
• yawan amfanin ƙasa

Daga cikin minuses daraja lura:

• mai yiwuwa ga lalacewar mosaic taba;
• wani lokaci ana iya kai hari ta hanyar kwari.
• lokacin da girma a cikin ƙasa bude, shi sau da yawa sha wahala daga phytophtoras.

Hotuna

Next za ku ga hotuna na tumatir iri-iri "Ljana"

Girmawa

Anyi amfani da "Liana" da tumatir iri-iri mafi kyau a gabashin Ukraine da Moldova. A can an horar da shi a fili. A Siberia da kuma Tsakanin Tsakiya na Rasha, an girma shi a cikin greenhouses da greenhouses.

Wasu masu sana'a sunyi girbi wadannan tumatir a kan windowsill a cikin ɗakin. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin 'yan tumatir kadan wanda za'a iya girma ta hanyar seedling da dasa kai tsaye na tsaba a ƙasa. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin watanni a watan Maris, an dasa su a cikin ƙasa a t + 10-12. Kuma Yanayin ƙwayar waje yana da dacewa lokacin da dasa shuki a cikin wani gine-gine. Mafi yawan ƙarancin wuri - 3-4 daji da murabba'i. m

Akwai wasu siffofin da kana buƙatar sanin lokacin da kake girma da wannan iri-iri. Don haka, idan tumatir suka girma a cikin wani gine-gine, to, suna bukatan pasynkovanie na yau da kullum. A cikin filin bude ba tare da ba zai yiwu ba. Yawancin lokaci Girman shuka don shawarar girbi na farko. Don yin wannan, bar babban tushe 1-2, kuma duk waɗanda aka bayyana stepchildren an cire. Idan kana buƙatar samun girbi mai kyau, to, duk abubuwan da aka haifa suna barin su.

Ljana yana da farin ciki tare da girke 'ya'yan itatuwa. Tuni a farkon watan Agusta a kan kowane shuka zai kasance akalla 5-6 matasan goge. Daji yana da ƙarfafawa, baya buƙatar garter. Lokacin da girma a cikin greenhouse, ana bada shawara a kai a kai a kai a kan tsire-tsire, da sassauta, sako ƙasa daga weeds kuma yin 2-3 kari tare da hadaddun ko ma'adinai da takin mai magani.

A cikin ƙasa, kashi 3-4 ana amfani da takin mai magani a cikin wadannan hanyoyin ta kowane ci gaba da ingantawa, tare da ƙarin buƙata na furotin don kare kariya daga marigayi.

Cututtuka da kwari

Yawanci sau da yawa suna fama da mosaic taba. Alamun farko na cutar shine bayyanar duhu da haske a kan ganye. Wannan cutar ta lalacewa ta hanyar rashin haske. Tare da nasara mai karfi, ba za ku iya warkar da shuka ba. Yana da batun hallaka.

Don hana ƙwayar cuta, dole ne a aiwatar da seedlings tare da bayani na boric acid kamar 'yan kwanaki kafin dasa da kuma samar da haske mai kyau. Lyana ya ci nasara sosai ga ƙaunar masu yawa masu kula da lambu. Wannan nau'ikan iri-iri bazai buƙatar ƙoƙari mai girma ba. Bayan haka, bisa ka'idojin fasaha na aikin gona, zaka iya girbi girbi na farko, dadi da kyau masu kyau.

Kuma a cikin teburin da ke ƙasa za ku sami hanyoyin haɗi zuwa abubuwan da suka shafi tumatir daga cikin sharuɗɗa dabam dabam waɗanda zasu iya amfani da ku: