Yaya da kuma lokacin da za a dasa bishiyar seedlings a bude ƙasa? Umurnin kulawa da matakai da tukwici

Basil yana darajarta don dandano na dandano na musamman da kyawawan kaddarorin. Casa bishiyar Basil a bude ƙasa - canja wurin girma seedlings zuwa wuri m.

Wannan mataki yana da mahimmanci ga kayan yaji ba kasa da shuka tsaba: girbi mai girbi, ci gabanta da bunkasawa ya dogara ne akan yankin da aka zaɓa daidai kuma an aiwatar dashi daidai.

Yana da muhimmanci a san ka'idodin dasa wannan shuka, don ba shi kulawa mai kyau. A kan dukan intricacies na dasa shuki basil seedlings a kan gadaje kuma za a tattauna a cikin wannan labarin.

Yaushe zan iya shuka?

Duration na girma seedlings daga basil tsaba matsakaici 45 - 60 days, dangane da iri-iri spicery (maturing farkon ripening iri (35 - 45 days), tsakiyar ripening (55 - 70 days) da kuma marigayi (75 - 90 days) tun da bayyanar farko harbe.

Kullum shirye don dasa an dauke su seedlings cewa duba stocky da lafiya., tare da tsarin ci gaba mai kyau da kuma lokacin farin ciki, mai dacewa da tsire-tsire, tare da wasu (5 - 6) masu karfi na launin haske mai launi, na hanyoyi daban-daban.

Zazzabi

Kalmar dasa bishiyoyi da aka dasa a cikin ƙasa ya dogara da dalilai da dama, manyan sune yanayin yanayi: tun da basil yana da tsire-tsire masu thermophilic, yawan iska mai matsananciyar iska bai kamata ya fada a ƙasa + 15C ba, kuma barazanar komawar sanyi ya kamata ya ɓace gaba daya.

Idan ana shuka shuka a gaban lokaci, har ma da gajeren lokacin rage yawan zazzabi zai iya cutar da ƙwayoyin matasa.

Watan shekara

Ga wurare daban-daban na Rasha, kafa irin wannan yanayin yanayi yana da mahimmancin lokaci daban-daban.

• A tsakiyar Rasha, a yankin Moscow. Wannan latitude yana cikin dumi da rana na Afrilu, amma kada ya yi gaggauta tafiya tare da saukowa daga "kudancin" kayan ƙanshi, tun lokacin da gyangyaɗi da maɗauri a cikin dusar ƙanƙara sun maye gurbin rana mai haske. Lokacin mafi kyau mafi kyau shine ƙarshen May - farkon Yuni. A karo na farko za ka iya yin amfani da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, shirya su a kowace rana don shakatawa ko fim.
• A Siberia da Urals. Siberia da Urals su ne yankuna da yanayin matsananciyar hali: zai zama da wuya ga zafin rana- da kuma tsirrai mai ƙarancin haske don daidaitawa don irin waɗannan yanayin yanayi kuma a lokaci guda don ba da girbi mai cikakke. Saboda haka, lambu na wannan yanki shine mafi alhẽri ba hadarin da shuka su seedlings a cikin greenhouse ko greenhouse. Ana iya yin wannan a watan Mayu da Yuni, maida hankali kan yanayin seedlings.

Wuri

Don amfanin gonar Basil shine makirci mai kyau, wanda ke da kyau (yankin kudanci da kudu maso yammacin) kuma an kare shi daga iska da kuma zane (tare da fences ko kusa da gine-gine, za ka iya, tare da tsire-tsire masu girma). Spice ba ya jure wa wani wuri mai dindindin, a kowace shekara dole ne a canza wuri. Spice yayi girma bayan amfanin gona irin su albasa, farkon da tsakiyar kabeji, cucumbers, beets, tumatir, dankali, ba shine mafi kyau - karas, marigayi kabeji.

Ana kiran Basil sau da yawa "kwayoyin" don gonar domin ya iya samun sakamako mai amfani akan wasu kayan lambu da kuma ikon warkar da yanayin. Abin ƙanshi mai ƙanshi na shuka yana aiki a matsayin mai banƙyama ga tumatir, albasa, barkono, cucumbers da kabeji, nasarar cinye whitefly da aphids. Har ila yau, da kayan yaji dasa tare da tumatir, ba zai ƙyale mold da powdery mildew a kan seedlings.

Ƙasa shirye-shirye da abun da ke ciki

Basil ya bunƙasa a cikin ƙasa, mai tsabta da ƙasa mai gina jiki. Idan ƙasa a kan mãkirci ba shi da samfurin da ke sama, to, yana da kyau don gudanar da ayyuka da dama don shiri.

1. A lokacin kaka, an gano shafin ne zuwa zurfin 25 cm.
2. A lokacin da ake yin digi, takin gargajiya (humus, taki, takin) ana amfani dashi a cikin 2 - 2.5 kilogiram na m ², ma'adinai: superphosphate (40 - 50 grams da m²) da kuma potassium (10 - 15 grams da m²).
3. A cikin idon ruwa, yankin yana sassare zuwa zurfin 10 zuwa 12 centimeters, za ka iya ƙara yashi mai yatsa mai yatsa ko kaya (1 -2 jaka na kilo 25 a kowace gado) don ba da haske ga ƙasa da friability.

Matakan algorithm mataki-mataki

Na gaba, muna gabatar da umarnin a kan layikuma za mu amsa tambayoyin da ke damun wasu lambu: za a iya dasa shuka a lokacin dasa?

1. Makonni biyu kafin a fara dasawa zuwa ƙasa, dole ne a fara farawa da "hanyoyin shawo kan hanya": fitar da kwantena tare da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire zuwa sararin sama (zafin jiki - ba kasa da + 10) ba, haɓaka gidan zama a kowace rana.
2. Shirya ramukan ta hanyar juye su a jere ɗaya ko a cikin alamu mai dubawa. Nisa tsakanin su yana da 20 - 25 centimeters, tsakanin layuka ya wajaba don koma baya 25 - 30 centimeters. Rashin zurfin fossa saukowa - 10 inimita.
3. A ranar da aka dasa (mafi alheri idan damuwa ne ko da yamma), dole ne a zubar da rijiyoyin da kyau (1 lita na ruwa mai dumi da 1).
4. Dole ne a tsabtace kwantena da seedlings don kauce wa rauni ga tushen tsarin lokacin cire shi daga ganga.
5. Ana cire tsire-tsire daga tanki, ƙasa tare da tushen baya buƙatar girgiza.
6. Tare da launi mai laushi, an dasa sprout daga cikin Basil a tsakiyar rami, kuma, zurfafa shuka a farkon toho (wurin cotyledon ganye), an rufe shi da ƙasa.
7. Kasashen da ke kusa da tushe ya kamata a danne su a hankali don magance makomar gaba.
8. Dole ne a sake shayar da shuka.

Yaya za a kula bayan saukarwa?

Tsarin kula da shuka seedlings na basil shine daidaitattun kuma ya hada da yin amfani da ruwa na yau da kullum, gyare-gyare, gyare-gyare, dafa.

• Bayan dasa shuki seedlings a cikin ƙasa mai bude, basil ya kamata a shayar da rana kullum (0.5 - 1 lita da daji) har sai an cika shi sosai. Sa'an nan kuma watering ya kamata a yau da kullum, kamar yadda topsoil ta kafe.

  Bai kamata ku sha ruwa daga injin ba tare da famfo ruwa, mafi kyau - da zaunar da kuma warmed a rana (har zuwa + 25C). Basil daidai amsa zuwa watering, da za'ayi ta hanyar drip hanya. Bayan watering, kasar gona a kusa da daji ya kamata a sassauta don ya kauce wa samuwar kwasfa mai kwakwalwa da bayyanar weeds (har zuwa sau 7 a lokacin kakar girma).

• Tare da bayyanar launin yellowed foliage kuma bayan kowace yanke, Basil ya kamata a ciyar da. Ga waɗannan dalilai, dace da kayan daji da ma'adinai: mullein (1:10), kaza mai kaza (1:20), mafita na nitrophoska (2 tablespoons da lita 12 na ruwa) ko ammonium nitrate (1.5 tablespoons kan lita 1 na ruwa).
• Lokacin da basil ta kai ga 20 cm, dole ne a ɗora sama, idan ba a yi wannan ba kafin. Dole ne a cire matakan da yake bayyana a lokacin bazara. Wadannan ayyuka za su karfafa raguwa da bayyanar lush greenery.

Dangane da biyaya da duk bukatun da tsire-tsire na thermophilic ke sa su kulawa da namo, za ku iya ji dadin ƙanshin ƙanshi da m ganye duk lokacin rani. Kuma, bayan da ya bushe ganye, ko a cikin hunturu zafi zafi kwanaki za a tuna.