Me kake so ka sani game da dasa shuki daikon a cikin ƙasa mai bude da kariya? Fasali na kula da kayan lambu

Daikon, dangi na dan radish da radish, yana da wasu muhimman abubuwa da suka shafi tattalin arziki da halayen halitta wanda ke shafar tsarin kula da albarkatun gona na noma.

Mene ne iri da kuma hybrids da kuma yadda za a shuka amfanin gona mai tushe tare da tsaba, za mu fada daga baya a cikin labarin. Za mu kuma gaya muku game da nuances da masana'antu ke fuskanta game da girma da kula da kayan lambu.

Fasali na girma

Mafi yawan kyakkyawan daikon an kafa shi a ƙasa mai kyau da zurfin ruwa mai zurfi. Kyakkyawan girbi yana buƙatar zurfin kaka da damun ruwa. A kan ƙasa mai laushi, zaka iya samun albarkatun gona masu kyau, idan kun shuka iri iri tare da matattun rufi a kan rassan - ba fiye da rabi tsawon ba.

A lokacin girma kakar suke ciyar 5-6 waterings.. Sakamakon ban ruwa na 10 mita shine lita 350 na ruwa. Kafin dasa shuki, ana saran tsaba a cikin wani bayani na potassium permanganate - 0.2 g da lita 1 na ruwa. Lokacin da iska ta kasa kasa da 60%, ci gaba da amfanin gona na tushen jinkirta - an bunkasa kayan itace da kuma haɗin haushi.

Hadishi tare da wasu al'adu

Daikon za a iya horar da shi bayan kowane al'adu, sai dai wakilan dangin Cabbage, tare da wanda yake da cututtuka da kwari. Mafi kyawun magabata:

• dankali;
• tumatir;
• kokwamba;
• seleri;
• salatin;
• kabewa.

Daikon za a iya haɗa shi da wasu al'adu. kuma girma shi a cikin compacted plantings. Yawancin daikon akan yawan amfanin gona ba a kiyaye shi ba. A kan gangaren tudu (35-40 cm) shuka:

1. Dill;
2. faski;
3. turnips.

A sake al'adu, anako ne ake shuka bayan girbi:

• hatsi;
• farkon kayan lambu;
• dankalin turawa

Dasa kwanakin

Daikon da aka dasa a bude a cikin karni na biyu na watan Mayu, karni na biyu na Yuni, ranar 2 da 3 na Yuli. An shuka shuki a cikin shekaru 3 na Fabrairu.

Iri da kuma hybrids

A yayin aikin kiwo, an halicci nau'in 700 da hybrids, bambanta da precocity, siffar da girman 'ya'yan itace, nutsewa cikin ƙasa. Ga tsakiya na Rasha, yawancin kayan lambu suna bada shawarar - Sasha, don bude ƙasa:

• Dubinushka;
• Dragon;
• Kaisar.
• Ƙari;
• Minovasi;
• Jagoran Moscow.

Tebur Halaye na iri da kuma hybrids na daikon

An shuka nau'o'in kayan lambu na farko, irin su Sasha, Barchonok, Rhinoceros, a cikin sharuɗɗa biyu - a watan Afrilu a cikin gandun daji, a cikin filin bude a cikin karni na biyu na Yuli. Mafi yawan maganin tsvetushnosti Minovashi da Sasha.

Daikon tsaba za'a iya sayan su a cikin ɗakuna na musamman ko tsari a cikin shaguna a kan layi. Kudin 1 g na tsaba a Moscow da St. Petersburg - dangane da nau'in iri iri da yawa - daga 16 rubles da 1 g 1 g na tsaba ya ƙunshi daga 90 zuwa 140 guda.

Yadda za a shuka wata iri iri?

A Turai, yawancin radish na Japan yana girma a cikin ƙasa. Don cike da sauri, zaka iya amfani da fim ko ƙasa mai rufe.

Shirin mataki zuwa mataki akan yadda za a shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa:

1. Zaɓi wuri mai kariya daga iskõki kuma hasken rana ta haskaka.
2. Bayan yin noma da razana, sai suka yi mummunan hasara - sun yanke rassan furen kuma sun bar ruwa ya gudana ta wurinsu. Harbe na weeds, wanda ya bayyana bayan ban ruwa, halakar lalatawa ba tare da juya tafki ba.
3. Kayan 1 m, 500 g na superphosphate da 250 g na gishiri potassium ana amfani da kaka digging, 300 g ammonium nitrate kafin shuka da matsayin dressings. Ƙwayar taki da ake amfani da ita a karkashin al'adun da suka wuce.
4. A cikin ƙasa ta bude, ana binne tsaba a zurfin: 1-2 cm a ƙasa mai ma'adinai, 2-3 cm a kan peat bogs A cikin rabin na Yuli, ana shuka tsaba don samar da girbi na kaka.
5. Don hana tsire-tsire daga shading juna, ana amfani da makircin shuka shuka mai siffar 30 × 20. Ana sanya layuka hudu na daikon a kan tudu na 1.8 cm tare da tsayayyen tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na 10-11 a kowace mita 1. A kan tudu 1.2 m, an dasa su a cikin layuka 2, rabuwa da 60-70 cm daga juna. Tsakanin tsire-tsire suna 20-25 cm.
6. Ana shuka tsaba a tsarin kiwo - 2-3 da kyau.
7. Bayan an shuka, an kara ƙasa da ƙasa tare da peat ko sawdust tare da Layer har zuwa 1.5 cm. Shoots suna bayyana don kwanaki 4-7.
8. A cikin lokaci na 1-2 daga cikin wadannan ya bar mafi tsire-tsire da aka bari, sauran an cire su ko aka sake su zuwa wurin da matattu. A lokaci guda kuma, sa na farko ciyar, na biyu bayan makonni 2.
9. A lokacin bazara, sako da sassauta ƙasa 2-3 sau tsakanin layuka: na farko zuwa zurfin 14 cm, to, domin kada ya lalata 'ya'yan itace, zuwa karami zurfin.
10. Tun daga lokacin thinning, an ciyar da su tare da kwayoyin ko mineral kari. Na farko a saman riguna bayan thinning ne mullein jiko, diluted 1:10, tare da Bugu da kari na 15 g na urea da 10 l na bayani. Na biyu ciyarwa a farkon farawar tayin - kaza nama 1:15 tare da cire daga superphosphate (15 g da 10 l na bayani). Tsara mafi girma tare da takin mai magani ma'adinai masu tasiri.

Yanayin saukowa a cikin ƙasa mai kariya:

1. Shuka lokaci a ƙasa mai rufe:
   • Sabon farko - 2 da 3 na shekaru goma na Janairu;
   • Karshe na 2 - ranar 3 ga watan Febrairu;
   • 3rd lokaci - 2 da 3rd shekaru goma na Maris.

   Mafi kyawun - na uku na shuka.

2. Shuka tsaba ana aiwatarwa da hannu ta hanyar kashi 2-3 cikin kowane daji. Shuka makirci - 45 × 25 cm.
3. Tashin harbe, a lokaci guda na tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, barin mafi girma.
4. Daidaita yawan zafin jiki: lokacin germination - 12-15 ºC, samuwar tayin - 15-18 ºC. Halin dangi na iska a cikin greenhouse shine 60-65%.
5. A lokacin da aka samo albarkatun gona, ana shayar da shi da ruwa mai sanyi 25-25 ºC.
6. Lokacin da aka kai kashi 85 cikin 100 na tsire-tsire masu fasaha, an cire 'ya'yan itatuwa masu ciwo da lalacewa.

Fasali na girma a gida:

1. A cikin kaka, ana yin digiri mai zurfi na ƙasa - akalla minti 30. Kafin farkon hunturu, kasar gona tana da zurfi sosai. Ana aiwatar da kayan aiki tare da hannu ko amfani da magungunan motoci "Mole", wanda ke kula da ƙasa zuwa zurfin 35 cm.
2. Tun lokacin kaka, kasar gona ta cika da takin gargajiya - 5-10 kg ta 1 m². Kafin dasa, yi nitrophore na 1 m² 50 g ko gilashin itace ash.
3. A ƙarƙashin yanayin Black Black, ana yin gadaje 35-40 cm high.
4. A kan manyan wurare, ana rufe tsaba da ƙasa ta amfani da mai laushi mai laushi, dan kadan da tamped kuma shayar.
5. Duk da cewa yawancin zai iya tsayayya da yawan zafin jiki na har zuwa 4 ºC, dasa shuki a cikin tsammanin sanyi ya kamata a rufe shi da kayan da ba a saka ba ko fim.
6. Tushen kayan lambu sun tsabtace tare da kayan aiki ko fitar da hannayen su.

Yana da muhimmanci: Sasha Sasha, Dubinushka, Minovashi, Pink Shine Misato ba mai kyau a cikin greenhouse.

Bugu da ƙari, yin shuka iri na kai tsaye, ana amfani da hanyar seedling: a farkon rabin Maris, ana shuka tsaba iri iri tare da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na cylindrical a cikin kwantena ba kasa da 10 cm zurfi ba. Bayan sun kai kashi 3-4 na gashiyoyi, ana juyayi bishiyoyi tare da clod na duniya zuwa wuri na dindindin.

Nuances na kula da kayan lambu

• Don kare albarkatu daga gwangwani na giciye, ana shafan bishiyoyi sau 3-4 tare da toka ko ƙurar taba tare da wani lokaci na kwanaki 4-5 ko an rufe shi da kayan da ba a saka su ba.
• Dole ne a yi amfani da ƙasa sosai don daikon - in ba haka ba, duk wani tsangwama ga ci gaba da tushen ya zama dalilin launi na 'ya'yan itace.
• Da takin gargajiya da aka yi amfani da shi a nan gaba kafin shuka ya rage gabatar da kaya - 'ya'yan itãcen marmari ne aka kafa.
• Lokacin da tsawon lokaci fiye da 15 a cikin daikon jinkirta samuwar tushen.
• Tare da shuka da wuri, lokacin da aka haɗu da rana mai tsawo da yanayin zafi na yau da kullum, tsvetushnosti kasa da lokacin da aka shuka a Yuni.
• Daikon za a iya sown ba a baya fiye da a shekaru 4-5.

Ƙarya da m daikon tushen yana bukatar kulawa sosai. Idan kasar gona tana da kyau, kuma ba za a buƙaci don tsaftacewa ba. A karshen watan Yuli, lokacin da aka cire shafin daga gonar lambu, za ku iya dasa albarkatun daikon a cikin gadaje masu gada kuma ku sami girbi a watan Satumba.