
Karas su ne mai dadi, kyawawa da kayan lambu masu kyau waɗanda suka saba da ko da jariri daya. Ya ƙunshi waɗannan abubuwa masu muhimmanci ga jikin mutum da bitamin kamar A, D, C, B1-B12, potassium, magnesium, beta-carotene, da dai sauransu.
Muna amfani da wannan kayan lambu mai mahimmanci da albarkatu, kuma, ba shakka, a cikin kundin farko. Kuma babu amfanin gona mai yawa na karas fiye da girma a cikin gadaje. Amma abin da za a yi idan tsaba sun tsiro mummunan ko mun yi marigayi a dasa a lokacin da aka saba? Za ku karanta a cikin labarin idan zai yiwu a shuka karas a ranar Yuni 2 da wasu kwanakin watan, har har sai wane lokacin da za ku shuka tsaba a lokacin rani, don su iya girma kuma idan karas ba su tsiro ko ba su girbi girbi ba, to sai ku karanta abin da ya sa ya faru.
Abubuwan:
- Gwani da kuma fursunoni
- Ruwa saukowa a tsakiyar layin, a Urals, a Siberia
- Waɗanne iri ne masu dacewa da shuka shuki a bude ƙasa?
- Matakan da suka dace don girbi mai kyau
- Bambancin zaɓi
- Zaɓi wuri
- Matakan abinci
- Shiri na gadaje
- Yi aiki tare da tsaba
- Bayanan kula da tsire-tsire
- Matsaloli da ka iya yiwuwa idan sun shuka a Yuni da Yuli
Zan iya shuka a lokacin rani?
Shin zai yiwu a dasa amfanin gona a tsakiyar ko karshen Yuni kuma ya shuka a lokacin rani da kuma lokacin da ya halatta, kuma lokacin da ya wuce? A aikace, an lura cewa Kyawawan tsire-tsire a cikin kwanaki na arshe na watan Afrilu da farkon watan Mayulokacin da yanayin iska ya kai digiri 15 kuma ƙasa ya kai digiri 10-12. A wannan lokacin, ƙasar da ke kan tuddai ta rigaya ta mai tsanani, amma har yanzu yana da isasshen ƙwayar germination.
Amma a farkon rabin rani, ba zai yi latti don shuka wani kayan lambu na bitamin ba. Idan kun haɗu da wasu sharuɗɗa, to, ta tsakiyar Oktoba za mu sami karas na matsakaici, wanda za a bambanta da ajiya mai kyau a cikin hunturu, mai kyau da dadi.
Shin yana da mahimmanci shuka shuki a tsakiyar Yuni, idan kun shuka a baya, amma amfanin gona na baya ya yi girma sosai? Rashin shuka na kayan lambu na bitamin ya dace da waɗannan:
- wanda a farkon kakar rani ke so ya kashe karin lokacin dasa wasu kayan lambu;
- wanda farko sowed karas mugun hau;
- waɗanda suke gwaji da kuma so su sami wasu girbi.
Gwani da kuma fursunoni
Tsarin dabi'a na tsire-tsire suna da:
- Ƙasa mai tsanani, yana ba da gudummawa ga tsire-tsire iri iri.
- Babu sauyin canji maras kyau.
- Hasken rana mai tsawo, wanda shine wajibi ne don juyiness na kayan lambu na orange.
- Ganyayyaki na tushen zasu kauce wa tsire-tsire-mota da leaflet (bayan tsakiyar watan Yuni, an gama aikin su).
- Girbi daga tsire-tsire zai ci gaba da kyau har zuwa kakar gaba.
- Karas zai zama matsakaicin girman, ba tare da "gemu" ba, tare da dandano mai kyau.
Wadannan rashin amfani sun hada da:
- Turawa da yawa, kamar yadda ƙasa a kan ridges ya bushe.
- Rapid weathering na kasar gona.
- Kashe fitar da ruwan sama (adana kayan da ba a saka ba).
- Hanyar da za a iya dace da zabi na iri, la'akari da yanayin da ke cikin yankin, saboda babu wata dama ga kuskure.
Ruwa saukowa a tsakiyar layin, a Urals, a Siberia
Waɗanne lambobin za a iya dasa karas a Yuni? Ruwan bazara da gajeren lokacin rani a cikin Urals da Siberia sun kafa ka'idojin kansu don inganta kayan lambu. A wa annan yankuna, ya fi dacewa don fara dasa shuki a farkon rabin Yuni. Idan ka zaɓi iri-iri iri-iri, da hanzari da shuka tsaba da kuma shirya kulawa mai kyau, za ka sami girbi mai kyau a lokaci.
A cikin tsakiyar Rasha, za a iya canja kwanan wata don girbi a farkon Yuli. Amma ka tuna cewa ko da magunguna masu tsufa suna da balaga na kwanaki 70-90, kusan kusan watanni uku. Haka kuma akwai yiwuwar ƙarancin ƙasa, saboda haka yana da hikima wajen shirya shuki na karamin watan Yuni fiye da matsawa zuwa Yuli.
Waɗanne iri ne masu dacewa da shuka shuki a bude ƙasa?
Zaɓin iri iri ɗaya shine 1/3 na nasara.. Ya dogara ne akan yanayin hawan gine-gine na yankin, lokaci na ripening of seedlings, jure cutar, da ingancin yawan amfanin ƙasa. Matasan, waɗanda aka ambace su a cikin mazaunan zafi, suna da kyakkyawan halaye a cikin namo, kyakkyawar gabatarwar da dandano mai dadi.
Teburin ya nuna nau'ukan da suka fi shahara ga Urals, Siberia da yankin tsakiya, amma ga yankunan arewacin ranar ƙarshe don dasa shuki zai kasance tsakiyar watan Yuni.
Rubening | Dalilin girma da ajiya | Iri na Urals da Siberia | Iri na tsakiya Rasha |
Farawa 70-90 | Ya dace da daskarewa, yin juices da kuma dankali mai dadi, yin amfani da shi. Matsakaicin zai kasance har sai Disamba. |
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Matsakaicin kwanaki 80-120 | Yana da yawan amfanin ƙasa kuma yana dace da ajiya na dadewa a cikin hunturu. |
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Lashe 110-150 | Yana da ma asalinsu, wanda zai adana duk abubuwan gina jiki a cikin hunturu kuma zai šauki har sai kakar gaba. |
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Yana da daraja daraja wannan tsaba don shuka shuki don zaɓar shekara ta girbi, amma ba mazan ba, kamar yadda ya shafi rinjayar su.
Matakan da suka dace don girbi mai kyau
Bambancin zaɓi
Mafi yawan amfanin gonar Yuni zai zama zabi na tsaka-tsaka na tsakiya na Urals da Siberia da kuma karar da aka yi wa tsaka-tsalle. Tsakanin tsakiyar Oktoba, amfanin gona mai karfi zai bunkasa zuwa cikakkiyar damarsa, wanda zai zama mai saukin kamuwa da cututtuka kuma zai ci gaba da kyau har zuwa kakar gaba.
Zaɓi wuri
Don karas zabi gado, wanda ya girma:
- albasa;
- kabeji;
- dankali;
- cucumbers;
- Peas
Abokan da ba su da kyau sune: Dill da faski. Wuri don namo ya zama rana, mai laushi, ba tare da faruwar ruwa. Dole ne ku kusanci zabin filin saukowa sosai.
Matakan abinci
Orange kayan lambu yana son m, sako-sako da kuma ƙasa mai kyau. Dole ne a girma a cikin tsaka tsaki da kuma ƙasa mai yalwar acidic. Don ƙara yawan abubuwan gina jiki (magnesium, potassium, da dai sauransu) da kuma mayar da ma'auni na acid-base a cikin acidic ƙasa ƙara ash da dolomite gari.
Shiri na gadaje
Wajibi ne don samar da tudu don karas ko da a cikin fall, ta hanyar digging, shelu a kan zurfin bayonet, cire weeds. Zaka kuma iya ƙara peat da yashi zuwa ƙasa. Za su samar da albarkatu masu tushe tare da matsakaici da na gina jiki, da tsabtace iska da kuma samun isasshen oxygen zuwa tushen.
Don haka 'ya'yan itatuwa ba su juya ba kuma suna da nitrates, ba lallai ba ne don ƙara kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta a kasa.
Yi aiki tare da tsaba
Da farko dai kana buƙatar raba tsaba da inganci daga rashin dacewa don namo.. Kana buƙatar sanya su a cikin akwati da ruwa don da yawa hours, nevsukhozhie tsaba zai taso kan ruwa. Saboda haka zaka iya ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa na orange. Yawan hatsi yana motsa jiki kimanin wata guda, kamar yadda yake a cikin kwasfa na mai.
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don inganta hanzarin su.
- Germination na tsaba, ta hanyar ajiye su na tsawon kwanaki 4-5 a cikin ruwan dumi. Lokacin da suka ƙuƙashe, an cire tsaba da kuma bushe, don ƙara ƙarfafa cikin firiji ko ginshiki a yanayin zazzabi na 1 rana.
Hannun man fetur yana taimakawa wajen samar da sprouts. Ana sanya tsaba a cikin jakar jakar da kuma tsabtace shi da dama a minti 50 ° C. Sa'an nan, buga ruwa mai dumi, bar jakar don kwantar. Bayan wannan hanya, ana bukatar busassun tsaba. Wannan hanya tana rage lokacin tsufa da rabi.
- Kuma akwai hanya mafi sauki. Shuka da tsaba, ya zubar dasu da ruwa mai dumi kuma ya rufe tare da kayan da ba a saka ba har sai kwayoyin cutar. Tsakanin zazzabi da rana da dare, yanayi mai laushi da sakamako na greenhouse zai ba da damar harbe su jinkirta da sauri.
Yadda za a shuka a Yuni da Yuli? Kashi na gaba shine tsarin saukowa kanta.
- A gonar muna yin tsaunuka, da ake kira layuka, nesa da 20 cm daga juna.
- Mun yada tsaba a cikinsu, tare da tsawon lokaci 5 cm, kuma zurfin 1.5-2 cm.
- Sakamakon lalacewa ya kaddamar da kayan da aka dasa kuma ya rufe shi da fim, yana barin sarari na 12-15 cm, har sai ya tashi.
Kashi na gaba, bidiyo na bidiyo game da hanyar yin tattali tsaba:
Bayanan kula da tsire-tsire
- Watering. Watering ya zama 1-2 sau a mako, don haka a cikin Yuli rana kasar gona ta bushe da sauri kuma zata iya tsirewa, ta hana germination daga amfanin gona. Da farkon watan Agusta, sprinkling ya kamata a rage zuwa 1 lokaci a kowace mako.
- Weeding. Don hana ciyawa daga nutsewa ga gadaje masu ganyayyaki, masu bayar da shawarar sun bada shawarar yin karas da karas da albasa, tafarnuwa, letas ko radishes. Wadannan maƙwabta zasu tunatar da ku yadda albarkatu na tushen albarkatun ruwan ke samuwa, ba za su bar dakin weeds, kare su daga kwari ba, kuma samfurin su na yau da kullum zai ba da sararin samaniya don ci gaban karas.
- Thinning. Tsakanin harbe ya zama nesa na 3-5 cm, in ba haka ba 'ya'yan itace ba zai girma zuwa girman da ake so ba.
- Dakatarwa. Don samun damar yin amfani da iskar oxygen zuwa ga asalinsu, dole ne a sassauta ƙasa gaba daya bayan watering.
- Ciyar. Yana da kyau a yi amfani da taki a cikin ƙasa har ma a cikin fall, a lokacin da shirya da ridge. A ƙasashen da suka fi dacewa, karas ba sa bukatar karin abinci. Zai iya cutar da shi, kamar yadda yake da yawan nitrogen a cikin ƙasa, karas na iya girma "gemu", mai yaduwa da cikakken tare da nitrates.
Matsaloli da ka iya yiwuwa idan sun shuka a Yuni da Yuli
Lokacin da tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, har ma da cikakke nau'ikan iri bazai da lokaci zuwa ripen, rasa dandano da talauci adana cikin hunturu. Wadannan matsaloli suna faruwa idan:
- rani ya yi ruwan sama da sanyi;
- frosts faruwa a watan Satumba, wanda sau da yawa a Siberia da arewacin yankuna na Urals;
- bai rage yawan tsarin ripening ba;
- ba su bi jagororin iri.
Amma, a matsayin mulkin, Yuni dasa shuki karas yana kawo kyakkyawan yawan amfanin ƙasawanda muke jin dadin har sai marigayi marigayi. Kada ku ji tsoro don gwaji! Ba ku rasa, ku sami! Idan ba girbi ba, to, kwarewa mai kwarewa.