Balsam - daya daga cikin tsire-tsire na gida. Ya dade yana zaune a kan windows windows na masu shuka furanni kuma, tare da kulawa da kyau, ba ya gajiya na faranta ido tare da lush greenery da furanni mai haske. Vanka ne rigar, touchy, hasken, alama, evergreen ne rare mutane sunayen balsam.
Balsam gida - Gabashin Afrika. A Turai, an gabatar da shi a karni na 16. A halin yanzu, ana samun balsam a cikin yanayi a Indies ta Gabas, Ingila, Ukraine, da Asiya ta Tsakiya. A cikin daji, ana shuka shi da tsaba, amma idan ka dasa wani ɓangare na tsire-tsire a cikin wani shaded, wuri mai laushi, zaku iya tabbata cewa wannan hanya ta dace da balsam, la'akari da yadda sauri take da tushe.
Balsam ba ya yin iska a sama da digiri, saboda haka ana dasa shi a farkon lokacin bazara, bayan sanyi.
Yadda za a yada?
A gida, balsam za a iya yaduwa ta tsaba da cuttings.
Cuttings
Raba ta hanyar balsam cuttings wani tsari ne mai sauƙi.Ko da mabukaci masu shuka furanni zasu iya yin shi. Wannan shi ne mafi kyawun hanyoyin kiwo na balsam. Don grafting, dauki apical harbe na shuke-shuke, wanda aka kafa a lokacin spring pruning.
Yana da muhimmanci! A stalk ya kamata 5-7 santimita tsawo kuma suna da akalla biyu internodes. An cire kananan ganye.
- Don tsayar da tsirrai an sanya shi a cikin akwati da ruwa ko nan da nan a dasa shi a cikin ƙasa, yana kunshi sassa daidai na peat, vermiculite da perlite.
- Tushen stalk da kyau a cikin yashi.
- Ya gabatar da shi a cikin tanda.
- An kara ƙasa a kusa da yankan, kuma an sanya akwati a cikin jakar filastik.
- Bayan makonni biyu a cikin haske mai kyau da danshi, ƙwayar cuta ta kafa tushen asali.
Tare da kulawar tsirrai masu kyau, furanni na farko sun bayyana bayan watanni uku.
Muna bayar don kallon bidiyon akan balsam amfanin gona ta amfani da cuttings:
Tsaba
Tsarin iri shine tsarin aiki, daukan lokaci da haƙuri. Ba gaskiya ba ne cewa bayan duk ƙoƙarin da aka yi, daidai da iri iri da irin shuka da kake son girma zai yi girma. Abin takaici, akwai masu ba da kariya a kan kasuwannin iri. Don yardar da sakamakon aikin, yana da muhimmanci a tuna da wasu lokuta na yadda yadda wannan ingancin yake yadawa ta tsaba a gida:
- don namo a titin, terrace da baranda dace da tsirrai shekara-shekara;
- domin girma a cikin yanayi na gida yana da kyau a zabi perennials;
- shi ne wanda aka fi so saya ba cakuda iri, amma dabam;
- Idan kun shirya don samun tsaba ku, to, ba ku buƙatar saya iri iri.
Lokacin zabar tsaba, kula da rayuwarsu ta rayuwa, irin shuka (na shekara-shekara ko ƙa'ida), tabbacin mai amfani. Tsaba suna cigaba a cikin shekaru bakwai, amma yawancin tsaba, hakan ya fi yiwuwar germination. Kuna iya koyo game da irin yanayin da ake ciki na shuka balsam daga gonar da kanka a nan.
Video game da haifuwa da balsam tsaba:
A lokacin da za a gudanar da hanya?
Yankan kwanakin suna da muhimmanci. Zai fi kyau a yi haka a farkon watan Maris, don haka a watan Yuni mahalarta zasu yi farin ciki da furanni.
- Kafin shuka, ana sanya tsaba zuwa minti 10 tare da wani bayani mai karfi na potassium permanganate, sa'an nan kuma zuba ruwa mai dumi kuma rike shi har wani rana.
- A zabi na ƙasa ma yana da matukar muhimmanci. Ƙasa ya zama sako-sako da kuma numfashi. An fi dacewa mafi dacewa a matsayin ƙwayar acidic, wanda ya ƙunshi sassa daidai da turf, humus, takin da perlite.
- Rashin zurfin tanki don shuka shuki ya zama 7 cm ko dan kadan ya fi girma. Kafin shuka, ana zubar da ƙasa tare da bayani na "Fitosporin", sa'an nan kuma ci gaba da shuka. Zai dace don amfani da ɗan tootot don rarraba iri, saboda suna ƙananan. Ya isa su danna su a cikin surface ba tare da sunyi zurfi ba, yana da isasshen 0.7 - 1 cm.
- Bayan shuka, dole ne a yi amfani da ƙasa ta atomater tare da yin amfani da gine-gine ta amfani da fim din filastik. Ya kamata a sanya mini-greenhouse a kan sill mai haske.
Yaya za a kula da amfanin gona?
- Bayan an fito da hotunan harbe ya kamata a bude don iska. Kulawa dole ne a dauka don tabbatar da cewa harbe ba sa samun laima daga fim. Wannan ƙwayar cuta ce mai hatsari.
- A lokacin hadari yana da kyau don nuna haske ga seedlings tare da jiki, tun da rashin hasken adversely rinjayar cigaba da tsire-tsire. A kwanakin rana, ya kamata a tsaftace kasar gona da safe da maraice tare da kwalba mai laushi.
- Lokacin da tsire-tsire kai tsaye zuwa mita 1.5 - 2, za ka iya fara ɗauka, dasa bishiyoyi a cikin kofuna dabam. Ƙasa yana da kyau a yi amfani da ita kamar lokacin shuka. A kasan akwai wajibi ne don zuba malalewa. Bayan daukana, tsire-tsire suna fara girma sosai. Bayan mako daya, yana da kyau a yi amfani da filayen gefe, wanda zai ba da izini a nan gaba don samar da wata kyakkyawan ornamental shrub.
Tashi
Za a iya dasa tsire-tsire da fure-fure a yayin da aka kafa karamin daji, kuma tushen asalin balsam zasu shiga cikin ƙasa. Da malalewa zazzabi ya zama 3-5 cm.
Yawan ƙarfin ya kamata ya fi dacewa daji don samun dakin girma.
A kan tebur ko a kan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire za a iya fitar da su a ƙarshen watan Mayu, lokacin da aka kafa rukuni.
Muna ba ku damar kallon bidiyo akan yadda za a cire balsam:
Top dressing
A lokacin saitin taro mai duhu, balsam yana buƙatar mai yawa na gina jiki (zaka iya koyi yadda za a ruwa da kuma ciyar da injin don jin dadin flowering har dogon lokaci). Top dressing bukatar a yi sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 10 tare da ma'adinai da takin mai magani. Lokacin da aka samu buds, an dakatar da hakar nitrogen. A wannan lokaci ta amfani da phosphorus-potassium da takin mai magani.
Mafi kyau shine mafi kyawun bayar da kayan kirkiro don tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire. Mafi mashahuri
- "Aikin gona don flowering."
- "Fertika-da".
- "Uniflor-bud".
Matasan yara sunyi dacewa sosai ga dressing foliar. Don yin wannan, wajibi ne don shirya ruwa mai tsabta a cikin digiri 2 - 3 na zafi fiye da iska, bisa ga umarnin, tsarma taki kuma yayyafa shi a kan murfin launi tare da fashewa.
Hankali! Ana yin gyaran gyare-gyare mafi kyau a cikin yanayi mai hadari, bayan da aka yi ban ruwa tare da ruwa, don kauce wa ƙone tushen.
Matsaloli masu yiwuwa tare da kiwo da kuma yadda za a kawar da su
Akwai cututtukan balsam da yawa waɗanda zasu iya haifar da mutuwar wani fure.
- Balsam ne sau da yawa shafi bacteriosis, fungal cututtuka da kuma rot. Babban dalili shi ne rashin iska, wuce gona da yawa, thickening na daji. Lokacin da naman gwari ya bayyana, ya kamata a janye daji daga cikin tukunya, yadda za a girgiza tushen tsohuwar ƙasa kuma a dasa shi cikin sabuwar ƙasa, mafi kyawun ƙasa (lokacin da ake buƙatar da kuma yadda za a saka balsam cikin wani tukunya, karanta a nan).
- Sau da yawa gizo-gizo mite, whitefly da aphid harin daji. Zaka iya kawar da wadannan matsalolin ta hanyar zalunta bishiyoyi tare da ma'aikatan tsaro, irin su Aclirin da Glyocladin, ko wani magani.
- Wani lokaci shuka yana fara faduwa ganye da furanni. Wannan zai iya haifar da rashin rashin ruwa, hasken, ko kuma mataimakin mugun zafi. Cunkushe ganye kuma halayyar tsohon shuka.
- Tsarin busassun iska zai iya sa ganye su juya launin rawaya da bushe.
- Idan shuka yana tsaye a cikin wani daftarin, da ganye zai iya curl. Harkatawa zai iya faruwa yayin da gizo-gizo mite ya shafe wani daji.
- Rashin ajiya ko rashin cikakkensa shi ne wani lokacin saboda wani abu mai yawa na nitrogen da ake yiwa kayan shafa a saman kayan shafa.
Kula da balsamic na gida a gida bai zama da wuya kamar yadda ya kamata a farko. Don wanda ya fi so don so tare da lush flowering matsakaicin lokacin da kake buƙatar tunawa kawai ƙananan matakai masu sauki:
- zabi tsaba masu kyau;
- Ka tuna da abin da ya kamata ka yanke;
- Yi amfani da taki mai kyau;
- kiyaye ƙasa m;
- bayar da isasshen haske;
- lokacin da matsalolin ke tashi a lokaci don kawar da su.
Muna fata cewa labarin ya zama mai amfani, kuma alama a kan windowsill za ta ji daɗin masu mallakar na dogon lokaci.
