Duk wani kayan lambu na farkon ripening sun shahara sosai. Zuwa yau, dimbin nau'ikan tumatir da kabeji sun lalace, amma Farin tumatir mai cike da farin, wanda aka sani sama da rabin karni, har yanzu yan lambu suka dasa shi sosai. Wannan shi ne saboda ta unpretentiousness da kuma babban jure yanayin vagaries.
Bayanin nau'ikan Farin Ciki, halayensa, yanki na namo
Tumatir Cikakken tumatir an ƙaddamar dashi a shekarun 1960 a Kazakhstan a tashar gwaji mai suna V. I. Edelstein ya danganta da nau'ikan Victor Mayak da Pushkinsky. Manufar masu shayarwa shine ƙirƙirar nau'ikan haɓaka don kowane yanayi, kuma a cikin 1966, samfurin aikinsu a ƙarƙashin sunan "Farin cika 241" an sanya shi cikin Registerabi Registerun ofasa na nasarorin zabin ƙasarmu. Duk wannan lokacin yana tsiro sosai ta duka mazauna bazara da kuma shirya masana'antu na aikin gona.
Wannan shine nau'ikan duniya baki daya wanda ya dace da namo duka a cikin gidaje da kuma cikin ƙasa mara tsaro ta yankuna daban-daban na yanayin zafi. Kawai a matakin hukuma ta Reg of State na Russianungiyar Rasha ita ce ta ba da shawarar ga yankuna bakwai: Arewa, Arewa-Yammaci, Tsakiya, Volga-Vyatka, Tsakiyar Black Earth, Tsakiyar Volga da Yankin Siberian ta Yamma. Don haka, bulan fari na iya girma a cikin kudu da arewacin ƙasarmu. Wannan ya faru ne saboda tsananin juriya da sanyi, fari da sauran bala'o'i.
Tumatir daji Farin fari ya cika ƙasa, amma yana da ƙarfi, saboda ƙarfin rhizome, yana yaduwa a cikin kowane kwatance. Matsakaicin tsawo na daji yana daga 50 cm (a cikin ƙasa buɗe) zuwa 70 cm (a cikin greenhouse). Dankin shine nau'in yanke shawara, baya buƙatar garter. Thewanƙwasa daji yana da matsakaita, yawan ganye yana ƙanana. Ganyen kansu suna da launi kore na al'ada, girman matsakaici, ba tare da zaya ba, ruwansu yana da ƙasa.
Bashes na Farin cikawa basa buƙatar garters, amma wani lokacin ana haihuwar 'ya'yan itace da yawa akan cewa gardenersan lambu suna taimakawa daji kada su faɗi
Daban-daban farin cika farkon cikakke, 'ya'yan itãcen farko suna shirye don amfani 100 kwanaki bayan shuka iri. Game da daya bisa uku na 'ya'yan itãcen ripen a cikin makon farko, kara fruiting ne mika. Gabaɗaya, daga ɗayan daji, yawan amfanin ƙasa ya kai kilogiram 3, a cikin ɗan ƙaramin hatsi ya fi ƙarfina.
Na farko inflorescence a cikin tumatir na wannan nau'ikan daban-daban bayan ganye na 6 ko 7th, na gaba bayan wani 1 ko 2. A kowane inflorescence, ana haihuwar 'ya'yan itace 3 zuwa 6. A 'ya'yan itatuwa da tabbaci riƙe ga bushes, ba su fada da kansu, har ma bayan cikakken ripening. Yawan nauyin tayin yana da kimanin 100 g, yana da santsi, wani lokacin ɗan sarƙa, ya kewaya. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari cikakke ana fentinsu a cikin launi mai haske mai haske, amma suna samarwa ta hanyar mataki mai kyau. A ciki, tumatir ja cikakke sun ƙunshi daga 5 zuwa 12 nunan iri.
Wannan bawai ace 'ya'yan itaba suna da babban dandano. An nuna halayen ɗanɗano masu kyau, an shirya tumatir don yawan amfani, alƙawarin bisa ga Stateabi'ar jihar na Federationungiyar Rasha shine salatin. Bã su da dadi acidity, exude da saba tumatir dandano. Tare da babban yawan amfanin ƙasa, ana iya kiyaye 'ya'yan itatuwa da suka wuce haddi, sun dace da shirin tumatir. Da kyau jure wa harkokin sufuri, tsayayya wa fatattaka.
Me yasa, fiye da shekaru 50, tare da yalwar sababbin nau'ikan, Farin farashi yana cikin buƙata ta hanyar lambu. A bayyane yake, haɗuwa da abubuwan taka rawa a nan: babban yawan amfanin ƙasa, haɗe tare da farkon farfadowa, kyakkyawan kasuwancin 'ya'yan itatuwa, juriya ga sanyi da cuta, sauƙi na namo. Yawancin yana ba da amfanin gona mai kyau a cikin shekaru bushe da sanyi.
Bidiyo: halayyar tumatir White cika
Bayyanar
Fruitsyan itacen tumatir Farin fari suna da siffar tumatir na al'ada, an daidaita su, a cikin cikakke suna da launi mai launi ja kamar al'ada. Koyaya, a cikin yanayin mara kyau, launin yana bushewa, duk da cewa tumatir sun riga sun zama abin ci.
Tomatoan tomatoan tumatir cikakke Farin cika - mai santsi, ja, kamar wasa
A lokaci guda, babban adadin tumatir tare da launuka daban-daban na iya zama akan daji, wanda ke haifar da kwatancen bishiyar Kirsimeti.
Lokacin da 'ya'yan itatuwa na farko sun kusan cikakke, sauran na iya zama duka kore da fari
Abvantbuwan amfãni da nakasa, fasali, bambance-bambance daga wasu nau'ikan
Kamar kowane tsiro, Farin tumatir cike yake da fa'ida da rashin amfani, amma gaskiyar cewa ta sami nasarar gasa tare da sabbin nau'ikan iri da kuma nau'ikan halittar yana nuna cewa tana da wadata fiye da fursunoni. A bayyane yake ab advantagesbuwan amfãni daga iri-iri sun hada da:
- unpretentiousness ga girma yanayi;
- daidaitawa ga yanayin yanayi daban-daban;
- high, don farkon iri-iri, yawan amfanin ƙasa na kyawawan 'ya'yan itace-matsakaici;
- safarar amfanin gona;
- duniya amfani;
- dandano mai kyau da ƙanshi mai ƙarfi;
- abokantaka mai kyau na wani sashi na amfanin gona da fadada wani;
- juriya ga kananan frosts.
Rashin daidaituwa sune:
- matsakaici cuta juriya;
- nondescript gabatar da ba cikakken ripened 'ya'yan itãcen marmari.
- ɗanɗano "don mai son": ba kowa bane ke ƙaunar halayyar halayyar wannan iri-iri ba.
Amfani da 'ya'yan itace yana haɗuwa da irin wannan fasalin kamar fata mai laushi sosai. Kasancewa da ƙari daga ra'ayi game da adana tumatir, wannan gaskiyar, watakila, tana gabatar da mummunar ma'anar a cikin sifofin mai amfani (ɗanɗano) halayen 'ya'yan itacen.
Sunan "Farin ciki", ya dace sosai da apples na wannan iri-iri, dangane da tumatir yana da rikitarwa. Bayan haka, 'ya'yan itaccen da aka' yanɗɗa ('' zuba '') '' '' '' '' '' kala ne kala, har suma sun wuce matakin farin launi yayin aikin.
Yawancin 'ya'yan itace suna bada' ya'ya sosai a duk yanayin yanayi, amma dangane da yanayin saurin yanayi a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun, yuwuwar fashewar thean itacen har yanzu yana da yawa. Kashi na farko na girbi, a matsayinka na mai kyau, yana da kyau, amma nasarar bunƙasa sauran alreadya fruitsan itace tuni sun dogara da yanayin.
Ba tare da tambayar unpretentiousness na iri-iri ba, Ina so in yi jayayya da maganganun game da kyakkyawan kyakkyawan tumatir. Akwai nau'ikan da yawa waɗanda ba su da ƙananan baya ga White Bulk a cikin unpretentiousness, amma wanda ya ba, a cikin ra'ayi na marubucin waɗannan layin, mafi yawan 'ya'yan itatuwa masu dadi. Wannan iri-iri, musamman, shine tumatir na Betta. Tana farfadowa da wuri fiye da Farin Farin, yana bada 'ya'ya a ɗan ƙarami, amma kyawawan tumatir masu daɗi. A barin shi ne unpreentious da kuma White cika. Kodayake, ba shakka, "dandano da launi ...". Wataƙila, wasu 'yan lambu za su yi suna da yawa iri dabam dabam.
Bidiyo: tumatir Farin fari a kan bushes
Siffofin girma da tumatir girma
Duk da gaskiyar cewa Tumatir White cike yake da cikakkiyar fassara, yana da duk ka'idodin fasahar aikin gona na shuka da haɓaka kowane nau'in tumatir, babu wasu mahimman bayanai a wannan batun. Sai kawai a kudanci, wannan nau'in tumatir yana girma ta hanyar shuka iri kai tsaye a gonar, har ma sannan, idan ba ku son samun karin girbin farkon. Ainihi, labarin koyaushe yana farawa ne tare da dasa shuki, da fara shuka iri a cikin akwatuna ko tukwane a cikin Maris.
Takamaiman ranar farawa na shuka ya dogara da yankin da kuma kan ko suna shirin samun amfanin gona a cikin ƙasa ko ƙasa mara kariya. Bayan watanni biyu, za a buƙatar dasa shuki a cikin gonar, kuma a lokacin ne ƙasa za ta yi ɗumi sama da akalla game daC, da yawan zafin jiki na iska yakamata a yi tsammanin aƙalla matakin daidai. Sabili da haka, a tsakiyar layi, ya kamata a yi shuka ba tare da farkon tsakiyar Maris ba, a cikin yankin ƙananan Volga ana iya yin hakan makonni biyu a baya, kuma, alal misali, a cikin yankin Urals - kawai a ƙarshen kwanakin watan.
Tsarin girma seedlings ya ƙunshi matakai masu zuwa.
1. Tsarin iri. Matakin ya hada da:
- tsabtacewa (tashin hankali na tsaba a cikin maganin 3% na sodium chloride): bai kamata a dasa shuki-sama ba;
- kamuwa da cuta (wanka na mintuna 20-30 cikin duhu duhu na maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar potassium, tare da wanka da ruwa mai tsabta);
- soaking da tsiro: ana sanya tsaba a kan kyalle mai ruwan sama kuma a ci gaba da ɗumi har sai da ƙananan Tushen suka bayyana;
- hardening: ajiye kyawawan tsaba na kwanaki 2-3 a firiji.
Farin cike da farin daidai yake da sauran nau'in, kuma an shirya su don shuka iri ɗaya
2. Shirya cakuda kasar gona. Mafi kyawun abun da ke ciki shine cakuda daidai adadin ƙasa mai kyau, peat da humus. Kuna iya ƙara ɗan ash a ciki (mai dintsi a guga). Ya kamata a zubar da cakuda mai cakuda da ingantaccen bayani na potassiumgangan. Koyaya, ana kuma iya siyan ƙasa a cikin shagon, ba buƙatar a shirya shi musamman.
Idan adadi mai yawa na shuka yayi girma, yana da kyau ka sayi ƙasa da aka yi shirye
3. Shuka tsaba a cikin akwati. Tsarin ƙasa a cikin akwati ya kamata ya zama 5 cm, ana shuka tsaba a cikin tsummoki mai zurfi zuwa zurfin 1-1.5 cm, barin nesa na 2-3 cm tsakanin su.
Shuka tsaba sau ɗaya a lokaci mai sauƙi ne: suna da yawa babba
4. Binciken zazzabi. Bayan kwanaki 4-8, seedlings zasu bayyana a cikin akwati da aka rufe gilashin a zazzabi a cikin dakin, ana rage zafin jiki cikin gaggawa zuwa 16-18 ° C, kuma da dare - digiri 2-3 a ƙasa. Haske - mafi yawa. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, ana mayar da zazzabi zuwa matakin sa na asali.
Idan ba ku runtse da yawan zafin jiki nan da nan bayan fitowar ba, bayan 'yan kwanaki sai a jefa shukokin
5. Dauko. A mataki na ganyayyaki biyu na gaske, ana shuka seedlings a cikin tukwane daban-daban ko kuma a cikin akwatin da ya fi girma, tare da nesa da aƙalla 7 cm daga juna.
Dalilin dayan itace shine a samar da kowace daji game da isasshen wuraren ciyar da su
A cikin aiwatar da girma seedlings, ana shayar da shi a hankali kuma, idan ya daina girma, ana ciyar da su sau 1-2 cike ma'adinin ma'adinai bisa ga umarnin. Makonni biyu kafin saukarmu zuwa cikin ƙasa lokaci-lokaci fita zuwa baranda, saba wa sabo iska. Ba kamar nau'ikan tumatir da yawa ba, wanda ya isa ya sa ran cewa manyan bushes za su yi girma a cikin watanni biyu: seedlings na White cika da wuya girma zuwa tsawo na 20 cm, wannan ba lallai ba ne. Yakamata ya zama ya kara kuzari, tare da dunƙule mai tushe. Da kyau, idan a lokacin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa akan tsire-tsire seedlings ko ma furanni na farko sun bayyana.
Dasa a cikin gado na tumatir tumatir Farin cika ana aiwatar da fara zafin gaske. Ya kamata tashar ta kasance da kyau kuma a rufe ta daga iska mai sanyi. A bu mai kyau shirya gonar a fall, ƙara kowane irin takin mai magani a kai. Tumatir baya buƙatar matsanancin ƙwayoyi na kwayoyin, amma suna son manyan matakan phosphorus. Sabili da haka, a 1 m2 yi ba fiye da guga na taki ba da kyau, dintsi na itace ash kuma dole 30-40 g na superphosphate.
Farin ciko za a iya dasa shi da yawa, har zuwa 10 tsirrai a cikin 1 m2. An yi sa'a, ba a buƙatar garter, amma a cikin gidajen tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire a wasu lokuta wannan tumatir an ɗaure shi, saboda a can bushes yana da girma, kuma sarari yana adana su kada su "watsa" kewaye. Al'ada ta sauka:
- Sun shirya ɗamarar rami bisa ga tsarin da aka zaɓa, ana iya ƙara ƙaramin takin gida zuwa kowane rijiya (alal misali, cokali na azofoska da rabin gilashin ash). An hada takin zamani da ƙasa kuma ana shayar dasu.
Aikace-aikacen ash a ƙarƙashin kowane daji yana ba da gudummawa ga saurin tsira daga tsirrai da haɓaka mai sauri
- A hankali cire bushes daga cikin akwati ko tukwane da dunƙule na duniya ku dasa su a cikin ramuka, suna zurfafa zuwa ganyen cotyledon. Tun lokacin da ambaliyar White ba ta tsiro a cikin tsararrakin daji tare da daji mai tsayi, kusan babu dole sai an dasa shi har abada.
Kyakkyawan seedlings ba dole ba ne a zurfafa
- Dasa tare da ruwan dumi (25-30) game daC) da dan kadan ciyawa kasar gona a kusa da bushes.
Zaku iya shayar da seedlings daga ruwa, amma ya fi kyau kada ku sake jiƙa ganye
Kulawa da kan Farin Ciki ba shi da makoma. Ya ƙunshi shayarwa, kwance ƙasa tare da cire ciyawa da ma'aurata. A bu mai kyau a shayar da shi da yamma tare da ruwa a cikin rana. Matsakaicin adadin danshi ana buƙata nan da nan bayan fure, amma da zaran yawan 'ya'yan itacen ya girma zuwa girman al'ada kuma ya fara tabo, ya kamata a dakatar da hana ruwa tumatir.
Za'a iya aiwatar da suturar farko bayan makonni biyu bayan dasawa seedlings, na biyu - wani makonni biyu daga baya. Duk wani takin da ake samu ya dace: duka kwayoyin halitta da ma'adanai. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine cakuda: 20 g na superphosphate an ƙara shi a kowace lita na mullein kuma nace a cikin guga na ruwa kwana ɗaya. Wannan guga ta isa ga bushes 10.
Farin fari ba ya buƙatar tilas na daji, amma wani lokacin tare da wuce gona da iri (wanda ke faruwa daga wucewar abinci mai ƙarin nitrogen) kadan ne. A wannan yanayin, kar a cire duk matakan, ɗauka kawai waɗanda ba sarai ba a wurin. Da zaran an aikata wannan hanyar, mafi kyau.
Sakamakon farkon 'ya'yan itaciyar fari, Farin farin yana daɗaɗɗuwa ga cututtukan fungal, saboda haka kusan ba a taɓa yayyafa shi ba. Game da yanayin tsawan sanyi da yanayin rigar, yana da kyau a gudanar da aikin kariya tare da magunguna na mutane, alal misali, jiko na albasa Sikeli. Daga cikin sinadaran, yana da kyau a yi amfani da mafi yawan “marasa lahani”, misali, Ridomil ko Fitosporin.
Nasiha
Na gwada cika Farin Na yi farin ciki! Tumatir na gaske. Ba'a iya kwatanta ceri. A shekara mai zuwa zan yi girma tumatir na gaske.
Veronica
//www.tomat-pomidor.com/newforum/index.php?topic=158.180
Shuka Farin cika shekara biyu da suka gabata. Ba ni da ni. Tun daga lokacin, abun tausayi ne a maimakon su.
Galla
//www.tomat-pomidor.com/newforum/index.php?topic=158.180
Yawan haɓaka ya yi ƙasa kaɗan da irin nau'ikan zamani da kuma girke-girke. Da kaina, Na kasance ina amfani da wannan nau'in don shekara biyu kawai, amma na san shi game da ƙuruciya. Daban-daban yana daɗaɗɗe da tsufa, an yi jinkiri a cikin USSR a tsakiyar karni na ƙarshe. A cikin mazaunin Soviet na rani shine ɗayan mafi mashahuri iri
Algam
//otzovik.com/reviews/semena_tomatov_poisk_beliy_naliv_241
Tsohon tabbatar aji. A iri ne sosai a farkon. Na dasa shi tsawon lokaci. Yanzu ina da nau'ikan tumatir guda 8 da ke girma a kan windowsill, gami da Farin Cikakke. Gaba daya unpretentious, ba za mu tsunkule, weeding, watering da kadan miya.
Tanya
//otzovik.com/review_4813860.html
Tumatir Tumatir da aka sani da sananne fiye da rabin ƙarni, kuma har yanzu yana cikin keji na farkon tsiron farkon tsiron a yawancin lambu a Rasha da kuma wasu ƙasashe maƙwabta. Wannan ya faru ne saboda rashin cancantar sa da wadatar aiki mai kyau. Zai iya dacewa da kowane yanayin yanayi kuma baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, sabili da haka, ana iya ba da shawarar ga mazauna rani waɗanda ke ziyartar rukuninsu kawai a ƙarshen mako.
