Akwai kyawawan furanni masu fure na fure da yawa. Idan ka tambayi mutanen da ke zaune a wurare daban-daban, wanda shuka za su kira mafi kyawu, Montenegro, Kashkara, Drapostan, Shkery da Ledum tabbas zasu fada cikin manyan goma. Kuma a ƙarƙashin duk waɗannan sunaye sanannun sanannun kuma ƙaunataccen ta rhododendrons. A cikin bazara, fure rhododendrons suna burgewa tare da halayen kayan adonsu. Halin halittar waɗannan tsirrai na tsohuwar ya samo asali ne daga nau'ikan halittu sama da 1000, daga cikinsu ake samun kusan 12,000 iri iri. Don haka daban-daban ne, masu ɓoyewa da kullun, suna mamaye galibin wurare masu daraja a cikin lambunanmu da ɗakunan rani.
Rhododendrons suna cikin dangin Vereskov. Ya danganta da nau'ikan, waɗannan bishiyoyi na tsayi daban-daban na iya sauke ganye ko su kasance a koyaushe.
Yawancin nau'ikan da ba su da girma ana yin amfani da su sosai don yin ado da lambuna masu duwatsu, gidajen katako da kuma gidajen lambun dutse. Yawancin lokaci waɗannan tsire-tsire suna samar da tsibiri na fure a kan ciyawa: ana shuka su duka daban-daban kuma a cikin rukuni-rukuni. Rhododendrons suna da kyau a cikin masu haɗuwa.
Ba abin mamaki bane, yawancin nau'in wannan tsirrai tsire-tsire ne na zuma. Wannan kawai zuma ce, an samo daga gare su, ba za ku iya ci ba - ƙefe ne
Ya danganta da nau'in tsiron, harbe-harbensa na iya zama a zahiri ko kuma bare. Ganyayyaki sun bambanta ba kawai a girma ba, har ma a siffar. Zasu iya zama mai nutsuwa ko kuma a haɗe zuwa rassa tare da petioles. Mafi sau da yawa suna da siffofin da ba a iya cirewa, suna iya zama na fata ko na ɗimbin ruwa.
Dukkanin kyawun wannan bishiyar an maida hankali ne akan furanni. Ba wai kawai suna da haske ba, har ma da ƙanshi, suna da babban corolla na siffar mara daidaituwa kuma suna yin inflorescences a cikin hanyar garkuwa ko laima. Wasu lokuta furanni sune keɓe, amma yawanci masu ɗaukar hoto da kyau sosai. Dambun launuka iri-iri ne mai ban sha'awa: daga dusar ƙanƙara-fari zuwa ruwan hoda-purple. Rhododendrons suna farin ciki tare da launin ja, rawaya, shunayya da furanni ruwan hoda.
Tsarin tsiro na tsauni
Mountain dope su ne wadanda rhododendrons wadanda suke girma cikin tsaunuka. Ba su da yawa sosai a cikin lambunan mu. Don samun nasarar girma da kuma fure, dole ne su shiga mawuyacin lokacin karatun. A lokaci guda, nau'in dwarf, wanda ya kai mita ɗaya kawai a tsayi, ana iya girma a cikin lambun dutse.
Mafi yawancin lokuta, ana amfani da Kamchatka, tseren tsere, launin ja, daidai kamar dogo, Kanadini, mai faffada, mai kaurin gashi da rustodendrons ana amfani da su don waɗannan manufofin. Idan girman gonar dutsen ya bada damar, to hakanan zasu iya ɗaukar tsirrai masu tsayi da zasu ba ku mamaki tare da bambancin furanni, amma kullun furanni masu kyan gani. Waɗannan nau'ikan rawaya ne da Jafananci, kazalika da rhododendrons na Ledebor da Schlippenbach.
Dogon Kamchatka shrub (Rh. Camtschaticum)
Kamchatka rhododendron ya kai cm 35 kawai. Ana samo shi a tsibirin Kuril, Kamchatka da Sakhalin, a Siberiya. Itace ya zagaye ganye na bakin ciki har zuwa 5 cm a tsayi. Yana blooms a watan Yuni tare da manyan, 4 cm a diamita, furanni da jini-ja ko purplish-ruwan hoda launi. Suna girma daya bayan daya ko kuma a cikin fure mai fure na 2-5. Suna nan kan dogayen farkuna waɗanda aka rufe da gashin baki da hairs.
Kamchatka rhododendron yana da kyau musamman a lokacin furanni: adon gaske ne na lambun dutsen da lambun. Noma tun 1800
Wannan inji na yin haƙuri da sanyi sosai. Yankunan m inuwa mai fa'ida da sabulun humus sun saba da shi. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da Kamchatka rhododendron don dasa shuka rukuni kuma don ƙirƙirar iyakoki.
Kyakkyawan Siberian Ledum (Rh. Ledeborii Pojark)
Mazauna karkara suna kiran rhododendron na Ledebur wani fure ne na Siberian ko maralnik. A yanayi, ana samunsa a tsaunin Sayan ko Altai. Wannan ciyawar da take da rabin-kullun a cikin yanayin da aka shuka ya girma mita mita 1-1.80.
Wannan tsire-tsire na fure da wuri sosai, saboda haka ana amfani da rassa sau da yawa don distillation hunturu. Its manyan furanni kamshi wari guduro kuma suna da lilac-m launi.
Ana kiranta Rhododendron Ledebor Semi -reen-Siegreen, saboda a lokacin hunturu wannan tsiro yakan ci gaba da samun ganyenta. Koyaya, idan hunturu ya bushe kuma yayi sanyi, yawan ganyayyaki na iya ƙaruwa.
Itace tayi girma a wurare masu Inuwa wadanda iska ba ta hura su, amma yanayin zafi yana ɗauke da su. Kwayoyin kogin Siberiya sukan zama ainihin karsashi na bangon dutse ko a tsaunuka. Ya fi son unguwa da itacen al'ul-mai-yanke da dazuka.
M Pontic Azalea (Rh. Luteum, ko Azalea roptica)
Pontic azalea, naman alade na turanci da matsanancin rawaya duk sunaye na rhododendron rawaya iri ɗaya. Wannan babban tsire ne, wanda tsayinsa yakai mita biyu ko fiye.
A cikin hunturu, ganyen Pontic azalea (rawaya rhododendron) ya faɗi, kuma lokacin da a watan Mayu za su fara yin fure, abin mamakin kyawawan furanni na wannan shuka.
Zazzabi na Pontic za ya faranta maka rai tare da manyan lemo ko furanni rawaya, wanda ya kai 5 cm a diamita. Suna yin inflorescence mai kama da laima. Kowane laima zai iya samun fure 7 ko ma 12. Tsawon wata guda ke nan shukar da ke tsaye da furanni, za su fara faduwa ne kawai a watan Yuni. Yana girma a tsaunukan Caucasus kuma wani lokacin ana samunsa a Yammacin Turai.
Rhododendron Caucasian (Rh. Caucasicum)
A cikin nau'in da aka horar, wannan ciyawar ta fara girma ne a shekara ta 1803 kawai. Wannan itace itaciyar fure mai cike da ganye mai launin fata wanda aka nuna a ƙarshensa. Caucasian rhododendron yana girma zuwa mita 1.5 a tsayi. A cikin daji, yana girma kusa da filayen dusar ƙanƙara a yankin subalpine a cikin Caucasus.
Caucasian rhododendron yana da kyau a cikin hanyar iyakoki, ana amfani dashi a magani. Wannan shuka ana shuka shi a duk yankin Turai na Rasha har zuwa St. Petersburg
Furanninta suna da girman kusan 4 cm, a sifar da suke kama da karrarawa ko m gaɓar ruwa. Yawancin lokaci fararen fata ne ko kirim, suna iya samun koren shuɗi mai sauƙi a saman ruwansu. Koyaya, akwai launin ruwan hoda mai launi iri ɗaya harma da siffofin furanni ruwan hoda. 'Ya'yansu na ciki, na farfajiya da farashi suna rufe da gashi mai launin shuɗi. Ana tattara furanni cikin goge na guda 8-12.
Wannan ciyawar tayi girma a hankali. Ya fi son wuraren inuwa da damp. Sabili da haka, a cikin wuraren shakatawa da lambuna, ya kamata a sanya shi cikin sasanninta mai laushi da rabi. Ana amfani da shi don duka filayen guda da rukuni.
Daurian tsire-tsire iri (Rh. Dahuricum)
Yawancin gari suna kiran kyawawan rhododendron Daurian yan gari maralnik, bagul ko rsel. Ana iya samun harbe wannan tsire-tsire a cikin hunturu sau da yawa akan siyarwa. Ledum yana jure da hunturu da kyau, blooms profusely da girma zuwa tsawo na biyu mita. A cikin hunturu, wani ɓangaren ganyensa ya faɗi, ɗayan ɓangarorin na iya kasancewa har tsawon shekara.
A cikin yanayin, ana samun Daurian rhododendron a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Altai, a Gabas Siberiya da kuma cikin Sayans
Tsohon rassan wannan bishiyoyi suna daɗaɗa kuma suna da launi mai launin toka da bambanci ga harbe matasa masu launin ruwan kasa. An kawata kambi da furanni guda na launi na lilac-pink. Sun kai santimita uku a diamita. Fure Ledum tun kafin bayyanar ganye ko kuma a lokaci guda tare da faruwar su. Ganyenta suna da wari mai ƙarfi.
Wannan tsire-tsire, ba kamar sauran tsintsaye na iri iri, yana ƙaunar rana kuma yana iya girma a cikin ƙasa mai ƙarfi. Idan hasken bai isa ba, furewar daji bazai zama mai girma ba. A al'adance, Ledum ya zama gama gari har zuwa Kola Peninsula. A cikin magungunan jama'a, ana shuka wannan shuka don arbutin, mai mahimmanci mai da tannins a ciki.
Farkon Muryar Tibet (Rh. Adamsii Rehd)
Tibet "White Wing" galibi ana kiransa ɗan ƙarancin ciyayi - Adams rhododendron. Yana girma ne kawai zuwa 30-60 cm. Ganyensa mai kauri-ya ci gaba da kasancewa cikin hunturu akan rassan. Suna da ƙanshi mai daɗi, danshi mai laushi da kuma farin farin rufi. Gefensu na baya yana rufe da sikeli kuma yana da launin toka-mai launin shuɗi.
Tumbin Adams rhododendron suna kan tsaunin dutse, a kan duwatsu, cikin tundra, wani lokacin kuma kusa da belin gandun daji, a sashinta na sama
Furannin tsire-tsire masu launin shuɗi ne, kirim ko ruwan hoda mai haske, amma ba tare da launuka masu launin shuɗi ba. An haɗa su tare da goge mai yawa, suna da kamannin garkuwa, kuma suna a maɗaukakkun rassan. Kayan fure Adams rhododendron a tsakiyar watan Yuni. Furensa yana ci gaba har zuwa ƙarshen Yuli. Wannan inji yana son ƙasa mai ɗauke da lemun tsami.
A yanayi, ana iya samun wannan shukar a cikin Far East da Siberiya. Ya fi son canjin yanayin duniya.
Lambar Cashkara (Rh. Aureum Georgi)
Kashkara zinare - tsintsiya madaidaiciya zuwa 60 cm tsayi. Ganyenta suna da fararen fata mai sheki. Dufansu na kalo, gindin ya zama kamar siket. An haɗe su zuwa reshe ta amfani da gajerun petioles. Corolla na furanni na wannan shuka a diamita ya kai 5 cm.
Daren fure a cikin Mayu-Yuni, kuma a watan Yuli-Agusta na da 'ya'ya. Furancinta suna cikin kamannin babbar kararrawa, suna da lobes na elliptical. An tattara su a cikin laima-dimbin yawa inflorescences, kuma launinsu da gaske launin rawaya ne.
Shrub na Kashkara na zinari ya girma a Sakhalin, Kamchatka da kuma ko'ina cikin Gabas ta Tsakiya, ana iya samunsa a kudu da Yakutia, a Transbaikalia da kuma tsaunin Sayan, a Altai
Yawancin lokaci, kashkara tana samar da ɓoyayyen laima a kusa da saman iyakar gandun daji. Tana da tsayi sosai - daga 800 zuwa 2000 m sama da matakin teku a cikin subalpine da alpine zones. Tun zamanin da, ana amfani da Kashkara na zinare a cikin magungunan mutane.
Gan Adam masu ɗaurin tsayi
Zaɓin maɓalli-kunkuntar rhododendrons yana haifar da ɗamarar haihuwa Weston (Amurka). Wannan rukunin ya haɗu da tsire-tsire marasa fassara. Duk da yanayin matsakaici na rayuwarsu, waɗannan bishiyoyin suna da kyan gani har ana kiran su wardi masu tsayi.
Suna girma a hankali. A cikin mafi kyawun yanayi don kansu, haɓakar su ba ta wuce 6 cm ba, kuma a cikin yankin tsakiyar Rasha ba su girma sama da 3 cm, amma suna reshe sosai. Waɗannan rhododendrons suna da kyan gani sosai, har ma almara ne game da rashin fassararsu.
Ofayansu ya faɗi game da shari'ar lokacin da wani daji mai rustodendron ya rayu kuma yana da ƙwazo sosai fiye da shekaru talatin. Wataƙila wannan tsiron, wanda ya girma a ƙarƙashin murfin bishiyar itacen Pine, ba zai jawo hankali ba idan wata rana ba a sare bishiyar itacen bishiyar ba. Itacen ya ci gaba da girma da girma, duk da cewa matakin hasken sa ya canza sosai. Amma ga tsirrai masu girma wannan babban damuwa ne! Koyaya, ya jure wannan gwajin.
Na ado rhododendron na ado (Rh. Ferrugineum L.)
Wannan ciyawar sanannen sanadi ne don girmanta, kawai 70 cm, da kambin da aka saka, wanda ya kai girman 1 mita. Yana girma a cikin gangarawar Alps, a cikin Pyrenees da kuma a cikin Apennines. Kuna buƙatar neme shi a nisan mil 1500-2800 sama da matakin teku. Ya fi son lestones leached.
Gwanin rhododendron mai kamara yana yaduwa, kuma hawayenta suna da launi mai launin shuɗi-launin shuɗi. A saman sa, ganye mai launin fata mai launin shuɗi ne mai launin shuɗi, yayin da ganyen ganyen yake kamar an rufe shi da tsatsa
Wannan shuka fure a cikin marigayi Yuni, daga baya fiye da sauran nau'in. Furancinta yakai kimanin kwanaki 30. Siffar furen, wannan shuka yayi kama da hyacinth. Furanninta sun ƙunshi inflorescences na 6-10 a kowane. Ba su da girma sosai, suna da diamita na 2 cm kawai, amma suna jan hankalinsu da launuka masu haske mai ruwan hoda-pink. Akwai kuma fararen samfurori.
Shuka ta yi haƙuri da sanyi sosai, gaba daya baya da zane kuma na ado ne sosai. Yana girma a hankali, yana girma da cm 3 kawai a kowace shekara. Hakanan yana iya girma akan ƙasa mai narkewa idan an rufe su da yanayin humus na gaskiya, amma ya fi son acidic. Gargaɗi ne don shuka shi a tsaunukan Alpine, rukunin sa ko ma tsire-tsire guda ɗaya zai zama kayan adon lambun. An yada shi ta hanyar tsaba, tsabtacewa da kuma hanyar rarrabe daji.
Stiff-mai gashi kuma mai amfani da kullun (Rh. Hirsutum)
Rhododendron mai gashi ne mai girma a cikin yankuna na Gabas da Tsakiyar Tsakiya da kuma cikin tsaunuka, waɗanda suke a cikin arewa maso yamma na tsohuwar Yugoslavia. A cikin sararin samaniya na tuddai, yana daɗaɗɗun babban itace.
An samo shi a tsawan nisan kimanin mita 1200-1500 sama da matakin teku, bishiyoyinsa suna shiga dazuzzuka. A cikin yanayi, mafi yawan lokuta ana ƙetare shi da rustodendron mai taushi, yana samar da matasan da ba a bayyana ba.
Shootsan matasa da ke tashi a cikin daji mai rarrafewa da daskararre mai-rhododendron suna da launi mai launin shuɗi, amma tare da shekarunsu sun zama launin toka
Wannan shuka ana iya girma a cikin tsakiyar Rasha, a cikin yankuna na arewacin, a cikin Urals da Altai, da kuma a gabashin Gabas. Abu ne mai sauki mu gane shi ta hanyar "cilia", waɗanda suke a gefen ganyen. Wannan ciyawa tana ƙaunar haske, yana girma a kan ƙasa na alkaline ƙasa da farar ƙasa, yana jin tsoron wuce haddi kuma ya sami damar rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 50.
Wannan bishiyar bishiyar har abada itace a watan Yuni - Yuli. Furancinta ba sa sansana, suna da ruwan hoda ko fararen launi da kuma sautin karrarawa. Kowace inflorescence ya ƙunshi furanni uku zuwa goma. Furannin kansu kansu kawai sunkai 1.8 cm tsayi, amma nadinsu kusan sau biyu kenan.
Evergreen kananan-leaved iri-iri
Duk waɗannan rhododendrons sun fito ne daga China. Baya ga kananan ganyayyaki, sifofinsu na rarrabewa shine haɓakar shekara-shekara na 1-3 cm da kambi mai banɗaki. Dalilin ire-iren wadannan bambance-bambancen, masana sun yi imani da takamaiman aikin rana a yankin da ke girma.
M (Rh. Keleticum)
Ba abin mamaki ba da aka kira wannan rhododendron kyakkyawa. A Yuni, shi blooms sosai da kyau na kwanaki 18 tare da manyan purple-violet furanni. Wannan ciyawa mai rarrafe tana da rawanin tare da diamita na 40 cm kawai, kuma a tsayi ta kai cm 15 Tana jure sanyi sosai kuma tana rayuwa a ƙarƙashin dusar ƙanƙara. Wannan inji yana tsoron abu daya - samun rigar.
Don haɓaka mai nasara, rhododendron mai ban sha'awa yana buƙatar danshi, amma an kwashe shi sosai, ƙasa mai acidic. Ga mai tsayi nunin faifai, shi ne ainihin abin nema
Rukuni na Rhododendrons (Rh. Impeditum)
Dense rhododendron shine rukuni na yawan tsire-tsire waɗanda ke girma a cikin ƙananan bushes suna kama da matashin kai mai yawa. Bayan dasawa, wannan bishiyar tana zuwa hankulan ta da fure tare da furanni daban-daban, amma, tunda ya riga ya zauna a wani sabon wuri, yana faranta masu shi da yawa tare da fure mai dumbin yawa.
Wannan rukuni na tsire-tsire ba sa son samun rigar, yana tsinkayen rana tana wanka sosai kuma yana da dammar hunturu daban-daban, ya danganta da iri-iri.
Rreedod dense rhododendrons suna aiki ne ta hanyar kwararru daga Jamus da Czech Republic. Kuma sakamakon ayyukn aikinsu na da daɗin ba da 'yan lambu na Rasha
Kayan kwalliya na ado (Rh. Russatum)
Wurin haifuwar rusawar rusawa shine Yunnan (China). Wannan tsiron yana samar da matashin kai har zuwa mita sama da ɗari 80 a diamita. Ana kiran wannan nau'in reddening, wataƙila sakamakon launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi-ganye na ganyen lanceolate.
Blushing rhododendron yana haɓaka kan acidic, danshi, amma ƙasa mai ruwa sosai kuma yana ɗaukar tushe a cikin lambunan dutsen da lambuna na Rasha
A shuka blooms a farkon Mayu tare da duhu purple furanni tare da wani farin makogwaro. Ba sa jin ƙanshi kuma suna yin fure mai ban mamaki na furanni 4-5 a kowane. Wannan shuki mai saurin girma yana ƙaunar hasken rana, yana jure hunturu da sanyi.
Manyan Biranan Daban
Wadannan nau'o'in an san su ga masu shayarwa sama da shekaru ɗari. Suna jin daɗin yanayin Russia kuma ana rarraba su ko'ina cikin ƙasarmu. Suna da matukar kyau kuma suna jin daɗin nasarar da suka cancanci tare da lambu.
A wannan rukunin zan so in bayyana Katevbin nau'in (Rh catawbiense). Wurin haifan wannan hunturu-Hardy rhododendron shine Arewacin Amurka.Godiya ga nau'in Katevba, an fara amfani da rigingimin rhododendrons.
Daji na wannan shuka zai iya kaiwa mita 4 a tsayi. Wani lokaci wannan ba shine ɗan itace ba, amma gaba ɗaya na mita shida tare da ganye mai tsayi da manyan furanni har zuwa 15 cm a diamita. A lokacin furanni, an rufe tsire-tsire da furanni masu ban mamaki na Lilac-purple, mai kama da karrarawa.
Katevba rhododendron ta yadu a cikin tsaunukan Arewacin Carolina, kusa da Kogin Katevba. A madadin kogin, ya sami suna
Wannan rhododendron yana jure inuwa da kyau, amma ya fi son ƙasa mai wadata. Yana girma akan acidic da ƙasa mai wadataccen acidic waɗanda ke da ruwa mai kyau. Ya kasance cikin al'ada tun daga 1809, kuma ana amfani dashi sosai cikin rukuni da rabe ƙasa ɗaya.
Rhododendrons sun bambanta sosai. Akwai nau'ikan matasan da yawa, kuma akwai wasu nau'ikan halittu masu saurin gaske waɗanda suke buƙatar kariya, tunda a dabi'ance aka fara samo su ƙasa da ƙasa. Amma duk waɗannan tsire-tsire suna haɗuwa da ɗayan inganci - suna da kyau kyakkyawa, marasa ƙamshi kuma sun cancanci halayen da suka fi dacewa. Kuma a sa'an nan za su zama mafi kyawun ado na kowane lambu.
Yi karin haske game da tarin rhododendrons da azaleas waɗanda aka tattara a Lambun Leonardsley:
