Bambanci Brabant yana daga nau'in yammacin yammacin thuja. Wannan fure mai launi ne mai launi, wanda aka yi amfani dashi sosai a cikin aikin lambu na ornamental a duniya. Brabant wani nau'i ne na wucin gadi wanda ke tattare da yanayin hunturu da juriya ga mummunan tasirin yanayin birane.
Thuja Brabant
Kakannin farko shine yammacin thuja (Thuja occidentali), shuka zai iya zama a karkashin yanayi mai kyau har ya kai girman 38 m, amma yawanci baya girma sama da 20 m. Bambancin Drum yana girma da sauri sosai - haɓakar shekara yana zuwa 30 cm a tsayi kuma har zuwa 10 cm a faɗi. A cikin iyakokin birni, matsakaicin tsayi ya kai 4 m.
Thuja Brabant a cikin saukowa rukuni
Bayanin da girma
Thuja ta kasance daga abubuwan ɗaukar tsofaffin kayan ciki. A wuri guda, zai iya girma har zuwa shekaru 150. Yankunan II II-VII sun dace da ita. Itacen ya yi haƙuri da sanyi ba tare da-35 ° C ba. Thuja ya sami mafi kyawun kayan ado a wuri mai kyauta da rana, amma yana jin daɗi a wuraren da ɓangaren rana ke cikin inuwa.
A tsakiyar bazara, itaciyar tayi fure. Bayan haka, ƙananan (har zuwa 1 cm tsayi) an ɗaure cones launin ruwan kasa. A ciki akwai tsaba waɗanda za'a iya amfani dasu don yaduwa. Bambancin Brabant yana ɗayan Hardy, wanda ke girma har a cikin lokacin sanyi. Neman ƙasa kuma ba ya nan, sabili da haka, daidai nasarar an girma akan alumina, chernozem, loam yashi da sauran ƙasa.
A kan sayarwa akwai thuja "Brabant na Zinare". Wannan nau'in na musamman ne, wanda aka san shi da launin shuɗi-ruwan gilashi na allura. A gaba da baya na wani lambu mai dusar ƙanƙara, itaciyar tana matukar ban mamaki da kyan gani, tana farantawa idanun ranakun hutun sabuwar shekara. A duk shekara, launi da allura ba su canzawa - wannan shine sifofin da ya fi kyau.
Thuja "Brabant na Gwal"
Yana da mahimmanci! Don samun kambi na ado, rana wajibi ne, amma a wani ɓangare na lokacin hasken rana. Sauran lokacin da kuke buƙatar shading.
Thuja yamma Brabant - tsayi da diamita na shuka mai girma
Dangane da bayanin masu kera, bishiyar tana iya shimfiɗa har zuwa 20 m a tsayi kuma har zuwa mita 4 a rayuwarta .. Kambi yana da siffar halitta ta pyramidal, amma yana da sauƙi a canza shi tare da aski ba tare da lalata lahani ga shuka ba. A cikin ƙasa mai izini, thuja tana iya girma, kuma ba ta faɗi ba.
Shinge Thuja Brabant
Wannan nau'ikan yana da kyau don wasan zorro. Matasa matasa suna ba da rabin mitir na girma a kowace shekara. Don cimma babban girma da kambi mai laushi, dole ne a yanka shi sau biyu a kakar. Ana samun shinge na gaske da za'a iya ɗaukar shi a babban tsiro mai girma - 1 seedling a kowace mita mai layi. A daidai wannan tazara yi saurin sa hannu masu yawa.
Shinge Thuja Brabant
Bayan shekaru 2-3, “shinge mai rai” zai gushe yana haskakawa ta hanyar, yana haifar da inuwa mai tsananin haske. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan, Brabant baya canza launi na allura shekara-shekara. Don wannan ingancin, ana darajarta shi sosai a cikin ɗakunan rani masu zaman kansu da kuma a cikin wuraren shakatawa na birni.
Trimmingya Brauant
Don ƙirƙirar kambi, yi amfani da hanyoyin tsaro. Ana yin kayan farko na farko nan da nan bayan an dasa seedling a cikin ƙasa a buɗe - a cikin Maris. Na biyu ana aiwatar da shi bayan watanni shida. Don haka samun kambi mai yawa da ɗaukaka. Idan a lokacin rani ne siffar kowane mutum ya zama sako-sako da manyan rassa, to sai a yi ƙarin gyara.
Lokacin yin aiki, bi shawarwarin:
- Cire duk fashe rassan.
- Twigs rage ta ba fiye da na uku. A lokaci guda, suna ƙoƙari su ba wa itacen wani kamannin - ƙwal, akwati, ball, dala.
- An zaɓi ranar girgije don aiki don hana ƙonewa daga harbe da aka lalata.
A ƙarshe, dole ne a shayar da dukkan tsire-tsire.
Yaya saurin girma yake girma
Mafi sauri, matasa seedlings girma a farkon shekaru 5 na rayuwa. A wannan lokacin, girma shekara-shekara ya kai rabin mita. A nan gaba, girma ke raguwa, bishiyoyi suna girma 30 cm a kowace shekara. Bayan shekaru 15-20, itaciyar zata iya tsayawa gaba daya, ko kuma ci gabanta ya zama kusan babu makawa.
Tushen tsarin thuja Brabant
Ga dukkan arborvitae, tsarin daidaituwa na kwance na tushen da ba ya yin zurfin zurfi a cikin ƙasa na hali. Yayin girma a cikin kwantena, tsarin tushen ya zama m.
Kula! A lokacin juyawa cikin ƙasa buɗe, ba lallai ba ne don raba tushen, ya isa don canja wurin tare da dunƙule cikin rami saukowa. A duk tsawon shekara, wajibi ne a kula da danshi na ƙasa kuma, idan ya cancanta, ba da ruwa.
Thuja Brabant - saukarwa da tashi
Ya kamata a sayi 'ya'yan' ya'yan itace a kantin sayar da kayayyaki da abin dogara. Gaskiyar ita ce thuja tana mayar da hankali sosai ga yanayin da ba shi da kyau, amma yana yin ta ba tare da gazawa ba. A sakamakon haka, yana iya jujjuya cewa ɓataccen ɗan itacen zai mutu bayan dasawa, kodayake ya lalace a cikin shagon. Yana da wuya mutum ya iya bambance tsirran tsire-tsire a zahiri, amma alamar farashi mai arha ya kamata ya faɗakar.
Thuja seedlings Brabant
Abubuwan dasa kayan inganci masu sauƙin ganewa ne. Abubuwan allura suna na roba kuma suna da launi mai haske. Nunin launin ruwan kasa da launin rawaya alama ce mai kyau ta cutar. Tushen tushen lafiya suna da fari, mm 1 in diamita. Soilasa a cikin akwati tana da laushi. Zai fi kyau siyan seedlings har zuwa 1 m high, amma ba ƙasa da 20 cm ba.
Yadda ake dasa Thuja Brabant
Mafi kyawun lokacin don dasa shuki thuja seedling a kan dindindin wuri a cikin ƙasa bude ya dogara da irin:
- tare da tsarin tushen rufe - Afrilu ko Oktoba;
- bude - Maris-Afrilu.
Sun tono rami mai zurfi tare da zurfin 70-75 cm da diamita na kimanin mita 1. Idan muna Magana game da dasa shinge, sun tono rami mai zurfi iri ɗaya. Isarshen an yayyafa shi da wani yanki na 10 cm na yashi ko yadudduka yumbu don mafi kyawun malalewa. An zuba wani tudu na ƙasa mai dausayi a tsakiya, wanda a saman sa aka dasa tushen ciyawar. Sun cika ramin tare da cakuda ƙasa wadda aka riga aka shirya, suna ƙoƙarin kada su shaƙewa da yawa, tunda Tushen suna buƙatar isowar iska.
Saboda haka lokacin da shayar ba ta yada zuwa garesu, an gina wani abin nuni mai nisan 20 cm daga ƙasa tare da maɓuɓɓugar maɓallin ko a kusa da rami don saukowa ɗaya.
Yana da mahimmanci! 'Ya'yan ofan shekaru 2 zuwa 3 ana dasa su ne ta hanyar jinginawa kawai, tare da tabbata cewa tushen wuya yana kasancewa tare da matakin ƙasa.
Nan da nan bayan dasawa, ana shayar da tsire-tsire masu yawa, suna ƙara nitroammophoski 30-50 g a kowane itace. Ana yayyafa da'irori da dunƙule na ciyawa don kiyaye bushewar bushewar ƙasa da kuma hana haɓaka sako.
Zaɓin wurin da kuma shirye-shiryen ƙasa
Penumbra shine ingantaccen hasken haske ga kananan bishiyoyi. Ana iya cimma wannan ta hanyar dasa su tare da manyan gine-ginen da ke samar da girgiza yayin ɓangaren hasken rana. Bai kamata a shuka yarinyar thuja kusa da dogaye da tsoffin bishiyoyi ba, saboda shashawar zata juya da ƙarfi sosai.
Thuja saukowa
Shirye-shiryen kasar da suka dace don conifers ana zuba su cikin ramuka, ko kuma ƙasa ta gauraya da kanshi. Don yin wannan, ɗauki 3 ɓangarorin turf ƙasar, ƙara 1 ɓangaren yashi da peat. Tsarin ya zama mai kwance da haske, acidity mai kyau - pH 4-5.5.
M shuka shuka
Daga cikin ayyukan da ƙwayayen seedlingsan ke buƙata, mafi mahimmanci sune masu zuwa:
- Watse. Yi bayan kwanaki 3-4, a cikin kudi har zuwa lita 10 na ruwa ga kowane seedling.
- Yanawa. Wajibi ne, amma don zurfin da bai wuce cm 10. Layer ciyawa daga peat ko sawdust zai yi ba tare da kwance ba.
- Ciyawa cire. Shuke-shuke a kewayen arborvitae suna da mahimmanci don cire nan da nan, musamman tare da asalinsu mai zurfi.
Kula! Tare da yin nasarar dasa, ana yin farkon girbi a cikin watan Agusta.
Idan seedling yayi kama da sako-sako, to, nan da nan bayan dasa shuki dole ne a yanka, cire lalace rassan da kuma saita shugabanci na girma da kambi.
Cutar Kwayar cuta da Kwari
Dayyade cewa shuka yana fuskantar damuwa daga rashin lafiya ko cin zarafi abu ne mai sauƙi. Misali, yellowing na itace, musamman a gefe guda, na iya nuna cewa fitsari na dabbobin gida ya fadi akan asalin sa. Sau da yawa, tushen yana kamuwa da cututtukan fungal, yana lalata symbionts na conifer. Wannan tabbataccen abu ne da ke nuna bishiyar itacen da zai sauka sauƙin lokacin da aka matse shi kusa da gangar jikin.
Tui tare da allurai mara nauyi
Karin kwari irin su wireworms da larvae na weevil beetles na iya haifar da babbar illa ga thuja. Iyakance ƙasa na taimakawa daga wireworms, da ƙwararrun kwari daga weevils. Don warkar da itacen da ke da cuta, suna ɗaukar maganin ƙwayar Bordeaux kuma suna aiwatar da allura.
Akwai wasu matsaloli:
- Phytophthora. Tushen tushen yana wahala da farko, sannan naman gwari ya bazu zuwa allura. Thuja yana faduwa da sauri, to, allurai sun zama kamshi mara kyau da furfura. Dalilin shine wuce gona da iri ko ruwa a cikin ƙasa. Don magani, ana kula da fungicides.
- Fusarium Saboda shi, allura sun zama launin ruwan kasa. Don shawo kan cutar, ana cire rassan da aka shafa, kuma ana kula da itacen tare da maganin Fundazol.
- Tsatsa Yana yawanci bayyana a watan Maris. Abubuwan da aka shafa a cikin duhu suna duhu kuma suna faduwa. Yin maganin kashe-kashe na jan karfe yana taimakawa.
- Shafa bakin ciki Abu ne mai sauki ka lura da motsi akan rassan. Cutar da ta shafi harbe sosai da sauri. Daga aphids da aka bi da "Karbofos".
Kula! Kulawa da sassan da abin ya shafa tare da maganin maganin baƙin ƙarfe na taimaka wajan lalata. Idan akwai tuhuma game da lalacewar itace ta kwari, to, allurar Actellika ce allura a cikin haushi bisa ga umarnin.
Thuja Brabant - needles ya juya launin rawaya
Ba wai kawai kwari da cututtuka zasu iya cutar da bishiyar ɗan itacen ba. Wasu lokuta dalilin asarar bayyanar kyakkyawa shine rashin abubuwan da aka gano. A lokaci guda, ƙara taki yana da hankali sosai. Wuce haddi zai bushe tukwici da harbe.
Idan allura suka sami yalar launin toka-ja, wannan na nuna rashin phosphorus. Nitrofoska, ammophos ko wasu abubuwan da ke ƙunshewar sinadarin phosphorus suna haɗe.
Jinkirin launin allura yana nuna rashin ƙarfe, kuma yanayin bayyanarsa yana nuna ƙarancin nitrogen. Ana aiwatar da suturar miya a lokacin shayarwa, bin shawarwarin masana'antar taki.
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
Kafin hunturu, an rufe seedlings da burlap, rassan spruce, kayan da ba a saka ba, da takarda kraft. An rufe kambi gaba ɗaya kuma an gyara shi da igiya. Tare da tsirrai, ba ku buƙatar yin ƙoƙari sosai, suna yin hunturu lafiya ba tare da mafaka ba.
Tui sun ƙi don hunturu
Don hana lalacewar Tushen ya ba da damar mulching. Abubuwan allura, peat, harbe da aka toshe na bishiyoyin coniferous da deciduous suna da kyau ga waɗannan dalilai. A cikin bazara, ana bada shawara don rake da ƙona tsohuwar ciyawa, kuma a maimakon haka zuba wani Layer na sawdust ko allura.
Kirkirar kafa
Thuja trimming yana da matukar mahimmanci ga shuka kanta. Idan baku aikata hakan ba, rawanin zai zama sako-sako, mara nauyi. Rassan rawaya ko lalacewa waɗanda ba a cire lokaci ba suna iya zama tushen lalata itacen gaba ɗaya ta hanyar cuta ko kwari.
An bada shawara don aiwatar da pruning na farko lokacin da matsakaita yawan zafin yau da kullun ya tashi zuwa +10 ° С. Madadin yanke-kashi zuwa na uku na harbi, ana kafa sabon haɓakar sabon tashin hankali a kai, cikin sauri a cikin ramuka a kambi. Idan kambi na itacen yana lanƙwasa a cikin hunturu saboda iska mai ƙarfi ko dusar ƙanƙara mai nauyi, to, kawai an yanke shi ne don gyara yanayin, yana ba da kambi mai siffar rectangular.
Idan akwai 'yan than thuja kawai a shafin, to, an tsara su tare da keɓantattun ɗakunan ajiya ko shears na lambun. Ana buƙatar buƙatar kayan aikin wutar lantarki don samar da daidai geometry na dogon shinge.
Thuja Smaragd da Brabant - bambance-bambance
Kula! Mai gasa a cikin shahararrun nau'in Brabant shine Smaragd.
Dukansu za su kashe kimanin adadin guda lokacin sayen - bambancin ba shi da mahimmanci, amma yana da daraja bayar da fifiko ga wani salo, bisa ga bambance-bambancen maɓallin su. Wanne ya fi kyau - thuja Smaragd ko Brabant - Wajibi ne a yanke hukunci dangane da yanayin kan wannan shafin.
Tebur zai taimaka kwatanta:
| Brabant | Smaragd | |
| Haɓakar shekara-shekara | Har zuwa 50 cm | Har zuwa 20 cm |
| Mai jan tsami | Sau 2 a shekara | Sau ɗaya a shekara |
| Hoto na hoto | Hoto na hoto | Shade mai haƙuri |
| Bishiyar juriya | Har zuwa-35 ° C | Zuwa -40 ° C |
| Yawan dasa shuki don shinge | 1 m | 80 cm |
| Tsawon rayuwa | Har zuwa shekara 150 | Har zuwa 110-130 shekaru |
Fasali na girma Brabant: dasa, kulawa, amfani dasu a cikin shimfidar wuri
A cikin shakatawa da tsire-tsire na lambun, sau da yawa ana haɗuwa da wasu conifers, ana fifita nau'in launuka da bambancin launi. Kyakkyawan maƙwabta don Brabant sune cypress, spruce, larch, juniper bude da nau'in fata mai laushi, microbiota.
Groupungiyar Thuja saukowa
Idan muna magana ne akan samar da shinge, to suna da nau'ikan guda biyu:
- Free-girma. Akwai yankuna tsakanin bishiyoyi, kuma an yanke kambiin su a cikin nau'i na geometric na yau da kullun, iri ɗaya ko daban.
- Shearing. Ana yin dasa shuki tare da matsakaicin yawa, don haka bayan shekaru 2-3 don samun bango mai yawa tare da tsayi kusan 1.5 m. Gashi na gyara gashi, an yanke nau'in, ba tare da nuna kowanne shuka ba. Sakamakon rassa na rassan, bishiyoyi makwabta suna zahiri sun zama bango mai wahala. Sanannen abu ne cewa tsawon shekaru ba a bayyana ɓoyayyen kayan kwalliyar ba, wanda aka fi yaba shi a ƙirar shimfidar wurare.
La'akari da cewa shayarwa da kuma kayan girke-girke na lokaci, har da yankan, su ne manyan matakan don kulawa da shinge, babban matsalar da ke kawo rarrabuwar kawuna shine babban farashin 'ya'yan itacen kwari. A matsakaici, itacen 1 har zuwa 1 m mafi tsada zai cinye 1.5 dubu rubles.
Thuja Brabant itace kyakkyawar bishiyar bishiyar bishiyoyi da aka dasa a cikin shuka da kuma gunguna daya. Rashin daidaituwa da haɓaka mai haɓakawa, tsawon rayuwa da kyakkyawan saukin kamuwa da buguwa ya sa ya shahara sosai a duk yankuna. Kowace shekara, shinge ko tef guda ɗaya zai yi kama da kyau.
