Sunan Botanical na shuka Philodendron ya fito ne daga Girkanci "Phileo Dendron" - "Ina son itace." Wannan tsiro mai dawwamammen shuka ya fito ne daga gandun daji na wurare masu zafi na Australia, Amurka, tsibirin Pacific. Philodendron ya karbi sunan "itacen ƙauna" saboda dalili; Liana tana buƙatar tallafin halitta. A cikin yanayin zafi da laka mai zafi, wasu nau'ikan sun kai girman girman gaske, suna jujjuya bishiyoyi makwabta da tushen jingina.
Bayanin fure
A tushe na shuka shi ne mai kyau, a gindi an rufe shi da wata itaciya mai laushi. Ganyen fata, laushi mai laushi. Siffar su ta ban mamaki da bambanci: akwai cirko-cirko, dabino, kibiya mai kamanni, oval, lobed, zuciya-mai siffa.
Philodendron a cikin gandun daji
A cikin yanayin, girman vines na girma ya bambanta da tsayi daga mita biyu ko fiye. Room philodendron, wanda aka yiwa rajista a littafin Guinness Book of Records, ya girma a Burtaniya, tsayinsa yakai 169 m.
Philodendron: Kulawar Gida
Don samar da kulawa ta liana philodendron a gida, yana da mahimmanci a yi la’akari da maki da yawa:
- Dangane da sigogi na tsararren shuka na wani nau'in, an zaɓi ɗakin ɗakin inda furanni zai sami isasshen sarari don girma;
- wurin da akwati tare da fure yakamata ya haskaka, amma yai nesa da hasken rana kai tsaye. Don nau'ikan launuka masu launuka iri-iri, ana buƙatar abubuwa da yawa fiye da launuka masu kyau. Tsarin blushing da hawa kawai na iya jure wa inuwa haske;
- mafi kyawun zazzabi dakin zai kasance 20-25 ° C a lokacin bazara kuma ba ƙasa da 15 ° C ba a cikin hunturu;
- philodendron bai yarda da zane-zane ba.
Zazzakarwa philodendron
Watering da zafi
Halin mafi mahimmanci don kiyaye itacen inabi shine tabbatar da kyakkyawan yanayin zafi a cikin ɗakin. A lokacin zafi, shuka zai iya tsayayya da haɓaka mai yawa a cikin zafin jiki, muddin an fesa ganyen ko an sha.
Mitar yawan ruwa yana dogara da yawan zafin jiki na cikin dakin. Kuna buƙatar mayar da hankali kan yanayin saman ƙasa na ƙasa a cikin tukunya, dole ne a ba shi izinin bushewa. An zubar da shuka da kariminci, amma bayan awa daya, dole ne a zana ruwa mai ɗumi daga kwanon. Don shayar da philodendron, yi amfani da ruwa mai laushi mara laushi. Don yin wannan, zaku iya tafasa ko kare ruwan famfo ko tattara ruwan sama.
Kula! Lokacin amfani da ruwa mara kyau, stains na iya bayyana akan ganye.
Don haɓaka yanayin iska, musamman a lokacin lokacin dumama, zaku iya ta shafa kullun da kuma ban ruwa ganyayyaki daga bindigar da aka fesa. Taimako don tsire-tsire suna kwaikwayon gangar jikin bishiya, a matsayin mai mulkin, an rufe shi da fiɗa na kwakwa ko maɓallin roba. Ta hanyar goge irin wannan murfin, yana yiwuwa a ƙara samar da ta'aziyya ga ƙaunataccen philodendron.
Siffofin saukowa da dasawa
Yana da kyau a dasa shukar da ta samu kai tsaye. Don yin wannan:
- An zaɓi tukunya ko akwati wanda ya fi girma fiye da tushen tsarin.
- A kasan ramuka na magudana, ana shimfida magudanar shara.
- Saita goyon baya wanda ya dace da abubuwan da ke cikin creeper.
- Notoƙarin kada ya lalata ƙamshin dunƙulewar, cire kwandon shagon kuma ya ɓoye shuka a cikin akwati da aka shirya.
- Soilasa don dasa yakamata ya zama mai gina jiki da haske tare da ƙarancin acidity. Cika tukunya da shuka a hankali, yayyafa ƙasa, girgiza a hankali don hana voids a kusa da asalinsu.
- Cika tanki na dasawa a saman, ana zubar da shuka tare da ruwan da aka zazzage a zazzabi a daki. Idan ƙasa ta warware, an ƙara kuma ana shayar da shi akai-akai.
Dankali philodendron
Mahimmanci! Ruwan Phylodendron yana da guba lokacin da ya hau kan mucous membrane ko fata kuma yana iya haifar da haushi mai zafi. Kuna buƙatar kulawa da shuka tare da safofin hannu da aiki na kayan aiki mai zuwa. Idan akwai yara da dabbobi a gidan, zai fi kyau ki ki ki shayar da 'ya'yan inabin.
Matakan vines suna buƙatar juyawa na shekara-shekara. A m tukunya depress tushen tsarin, da shuka fara wither.
Wani tsufa philodendron ana dasa shi a kowace shekara 2-3 yayin da yake girma, yana canza shuka zuwa wani akwati mai fadi. A wasu halaye, shuka yana buƙatar juyawa ta gaggawa:
- m caked ƙasa, an rufe shi da gansakuka, sigina na yau da kullun waterlogging, tushen tsarin na iya rot;
- kasancewar fararen tabo da sihiri a farfajiya - sakamakon yaduwar ƙasa;
- Tushen tsirrai suna bayyane daga ramin magudanan ruwa;
- rage jinkirin ci gaba na vines, shredding foliage;
- bayyanar kwari.
A cikin waɗannan halayen, ana dasa ƙwayar bayan an sarrafa shi sosai. Don yin wannan:
- Kurkura Tushen da ruwa a shirye a zazzabi a ɗakin.
- Binciki tsarin tushen, yanke sassan da suka lalace.
- Bi da su da wani rauni bayani na potassium permanganate, foundationazole ko phytosporin bisa ga umarnin.
- Idan ana son amfani da shi gaba ɗaya, gangariyar da magudanar ruwa ta gurbata.
- Shuka shuka a cikin sabuwar ƙasa.
Wurin Shuka
Babban tsire-tsire mai kyau wanda zai yi ado zai iya yin ado ga kowane ɗaki mai fili, lambun hunturu, farfajiyar da aka rufe, ɗakin kwana. Aikin ado na manya-manyan philodendrons ana yin amfani da shi sosai wajen zayyanar wuraren zama don cike gurbin sararin samaniya.
Karamin nau'in vines suna da girma kusa da windows da yamma windows.
Mahimmanci! Philodendron shine ɗayan plantsan tsire-tsire waɗanda zasu iya gamsuwa da hasken wutar lantarki.
Mai kulawa mara kyau
A cikin lokacin girma, ana tsire-tsire tsire-tsire don girma girma. Ana ƙara takin mai ƙasa da kwayoyin a kowane wata daga farkon bazara zuwa farkon kaka. Da farko na yanayin sanyi, ana rage raguwar sha da kayan miya zuwa kanana. A karshen watan Fabrairu, lokacin katsewa na karewa ya kare. Wannan shine mafi kyau duka lokacin dasa vines matasa.
Sake bugun Philodendron
Don adana adorativeness, ana bada shawara ga lokaci-lokaci don sake farfado da philodendron.
Kuna iya yaduwar itacen da kuka fi so da:
- iri;
- yanke;
- yadudduka iska;
- fi;
- ganye
- guntu na gangar jikin.
Tushen iska yadudduka
Rooting dace shoot tare da m tushen layering ba wuya. Dole ne a sanya shi cikin ƙasa mai laushi, an saita shi da waya ko ashin gashi. Wata daya bayan germination, da sabon shuka ne daga mahaifiyar daji.
Yaduwa da itace da ganyayyaki
Irin wannan hanyar kamar yada philodendron ta amfani da yanke itace baya buƙatar ƙwarewa ta musamman. Yana da mahimmanci a lura da yanayin zafin jiki na 25-30 ° C da kuma samar da 'yan ci-gaba nan gaba tare da zafi mai-zafi. Don yin wannan, a matsayin ƙaramin gidan kore, ana amfani da kwalban filastik, an sanya shi tare da murfi zuwa saman don samun iska. Dole ne a yi ɗamarar yaƙin apical ko tushe don dasawa yana da ganyayyaki 2-3, kuma ganye mai ganye - tushen iska ko "diddige".
An dasa yankan a cikin ƙasa mai laushi, ƙasa mai haske, bayan nitsar da tushen tushen foda. Bayan makonni 2-3, lokacin da aka kafa tushen tsawon cm cm 3-4, ana dasa gwanayen matasa a cikin kwantena daban.
Noma
Itacen-kamar philodendron, ban da hanyoyin da aka saba, Hakanan ana iya yaduwar ta da tsaba. Yana da muhimmanci a yi amfani da iri mai inganci:
- An shuka iri a cikin Boiled ko distilled ruwa na awa 10-12.
- A cikin akwati da aka shirya (yana da dacewar amfani da kwandon filastik amintacce) tare da cakuda peat m ya baza iri, ba kwa buƙatar yayyafa su da zurfafa su.
- An rufe akwati kuma a sanya shi a cikin wani wuri mai wuta, da nisantar hasken rana kai tsaye.
- Makonni 1.5-2 kafin bayyanuwar tsiron, ana fitar da tsaba a kullun, tare da ruwan kwalba.
- Tare da isowar ganye na uku, an daina rufe ganga.
- Ana dasa bishiyoyi masu ƙarfi zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa bayan watanni 2.5-3.
Mahimmanci! Tushen tsarin tsire-tsire masu yaduwa yana da rauni sosai, idan kayi sauri tare da dasawa zuwa wurin dindindin, inji ya mutu.
Hankula kuskure kuskure nowers growers
Babban dalilin kurakurai a cikin kula da gonar itacen inabi shine rashin kulawa da fasaha na aikin gona. Zaɓin takamaiman nau'in shuka, kuna buƙatar tuntuɓar mai siyarwa, neman bayani akan Intanet. Don fahimtar dalilin da yasa philodendron yayi wilted, kuna buƙatar saka idanu canje-canje yayin kulawa. Duk wani rashin jin daɗi na liana yana ganinta akan ganyenta.
Cututtuka da kwari na philodendron
Gwaninta da kulawar da shuka ke da shi na magance matsaloli da yawa. Don haka, ganyan kwayar cuta na tasowa saboda zafi da kuma ruwan sha. Kuna iya ƙaddara shi ta ruwa mai tsinkaye akan zanen gado. Borderarshen ƙasa yana bayyana a ƙarshen ɓangaren shuka a cikin nau'i mai launin ruwan kasa-ja da filayen ganye.
Dole ne a cire wuraren da suka lalace, an lalata sassan, an dasa shuki tare da shiri mai ban tsoro. Game da cutar sankarar cuta, an lalata philodendron.
Daga cikin kwari na vines na cikin gida sune:
- scabbard;
- thrips;
- gizo-gizo mite.
Philodendron fure ne na cikin gida, saboda haka, ana iya kamuwa da shi ta hanyar kwari daga wasu tsire-tsire waɗanda ke kusa da nan. Don magance su, ana amfani da shirye-shiryen sunadarai - maganin kwari da acaricides.
Shahararrun nau'ikan
A Rasha, nau'in furanni masu zuwa sun fi shahara.
Philodendron cello
Philodendron blushing
Wata magana mai haske tare da yin taka tsantsan za ta haifar da kyakkyawan zalla a cikin gidan.
Kyakkyawan furanni, mai karayarwa ya kai tsawan 1.8 m. Ganyen suna bicolor, kore a waje da kuma sake yin zane akan baya. Fararen ganye mai zagaye yana da ƙarewar mashin, yana girma zuwa cm 30 a tsayi kuma faɗin cm cm 25. Fitsarin ɗan itacen ya zama ja a gindi.
Philodendron blushing
Hawan Philodendron
Itaciyar zazzabi mai sauƙin girma wacce ta kai tsawon mita 2. Dogayen suna da haske, mai kamannin zuciya. Ba su da girma, tsawon su da fadi 15 cm da cm 8, bi da bi. Yarinyar ƙaramin itace an jefa shi cikin tagulla, cikakke mai duhu. Don iya hawa dogayen sanda, ana kuma kiran wannan nau'in ivy. Ana iya amfani da shi azaman shuka na elauke a cikin tukwane na fure.
Philodendron Guitar
Yana girma har zuwa 6 m a cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi, kuma ba a wuce 2 m a cikin wani gari ba. Guitar-kamar philodendron, kamar yawancin danginsa, yana da ban sha'awa ga bambancinsa. Ganyayyaki matasa, da farko kamannin zuciya, sun zama kamar guitar tare da tsufa, girma zuwa 30 cm tsayi.
Philodendron Guitar
Philodendron ne unpretentious a barin, da sabon abu kyau sanã'anta da kyau-cancanci amfani na shuka growers. Yawancin shahararrun nau'ikan za a iya girma har a cikin kananan gidaje. Lianas Sello (Zello), Xandu tricolor, Imperial - tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa waɗanda aka kafa su sosai a cikin gidajen masoya m.
