Aspidistra - girma da kulawa a gida, hoto

Aspidistra (Aspidistra) sigar kyawawan tsire-tsire ne na gabashin Asiya.

Perennial fice a tsakanin sauran na cikin gida evergreens tare da m haske kore foliage. Ganyayyaki masu santsi a tsaye tare da jijiyoyin haske mai haske a tsaye, ƙirƙirar nau'i mai girma na shuka, zai iya kaiwa tsawon 80 cm, faɗin 15 cm.

Wani tsiro mai tsiro daga cikin iyalin Asparagaceae bashi da tushe, ana saninsa da saurin girma (ganyayyaki 2-3 a shekara). Rayuwar rayuwa ba ta wuce shekaru goma, yayin da kowace shekara biyu shuka take buƙatar tilas ɗin.

Aspidistra yana da ɗan ɗan gajeren fure a lokacin bazara ko kuma babu shi cikakke.

Dukiya mai amfani

Evergreen Aspidistra yana da godiya ga masoya masu tsabta da tsari a cikin gidan don irin waɗannan kaddarorin da aka shuka na bishiyoyi:

• yana sha da hayaki, hayakin sigari, gurbataccen iska;
• Wakili ne na kwayar cuta, mai tattara turbaya da ke tsaftace wuraren zama;
• hidima a matsayin humidifier na halitta tare da shayarwa na yau da kullun;
• Yana da kyau kwarai jiji.

Bugu da kari, fure mai tushe na asali bashi da hadari ga yara da dabbobi. Ga mutane da yawa, shi mai gadi ne na farin gida da dukiya a gidan, talisman daga mummunan ido.

Dankin magani wanda aka yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin maganin gargajiya na Sinawa da Jafananci. Abubuwan da ke warkarwa suna da asali a cikin foliage da rhizome.

• Prelestnik na Gabas ya maye gurbin diuretics da anti-inflammatory kwayoyi.
• An bada shawara don amfani da kayan ado daga sassan shuka don irin matsalolin kiwon lafiya kamar: urolithiasis, cututtukan ƙwayar jijiyoyin ƙwayar cuta, zawo, ciwon tsoka, cramps.

Siffofin girma a gida. A takaice

Kodayake asmpistra ba ta da ma'ana, har yanzu, idan kuna son yin girma a cikin "bouquet" mai tsada, ya kamata ku san ainihin bukatun wannan shuka zuwa yanayin muhalli.

Kula da aspidistra a gida. Daki-daki

Kyakkyawan koren kyawawan halaye na gabas ba ya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, amma kada ku ƙi ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau don cikakken ci gabansa da ci gabansa. Anan akwai wasu nasihu masu amfani kan yadda za'a tsara tsabtace gidan cikin gida yadda yakamata.

Saukowa

Aspidistra na gida yakan dafe sosai lokacin da aka dasa shi a farkon bazara kafin farkon lokacin girma. Idan muna magana ne game da dasa shuki, to, a hankali akwai ɗakin ganye tare da wani ɓangare na tushen tushen da aka samu ta hanyar rarraba tushen tushen perennial.

• Don samar da cikakkiyar shuka, ganye sukan raba nau'i biyu. Ya dace da dasa samari samfuran. Tun da babu harbe a cikin shuka, balaga ta isan fulawa an ƙaddara ta da bayyanuwarta da girmanta.
• Lokacin dasa shuki matasa, yana da mahimmanci kada ku lalata tsarin tushen itaciyar. Ana yin rarrabuwar tushen tushen tare da wuƙa mai kaifi.
• Dasa dasawa da dasawar tsiron tsire-tsire ne kawai zai yiwu a cikin ingantaccen ƙasa.
• An ba da shawarar cewa an sanya tushen a cikin tukunya cike da ƙasa ta 2/3.
• Rooting yana wucewa sama da wata daya.

Kula da tsire-tsire da aka shuka ya ƙunshi yanayin matsakaici na ruwa da haske.

Gudun ruwa

Aspidistra fure a cikin gida, kamar yadda a cikin yanayin mazauninsu, fure sau ɗaya a shekara ko sau daya a kowace shekara biyar. Abin lura ne cewa inflorescences na duhu purple launi ana kafa a gindi na ganye, wanda, ba da lokacin zuwa Bloom, Fade.

A gaba da baya na kwazazzabo foliage, mahara kananan inflorescences ne kusan ganuwa, don haka 'yan flower growers baƙi ƙarin matakai don ta da shuka zuwa Bloom.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Zai zama kamar asmpistra a gida yana da wuya kamar yadda yake a cikin dabbobin daji. Arfin zazzabi mai lalacewa baya jin tsoron ta, amma idan ba tsari bane. Misali, tsirrai na iya rayuwa a zazzabi na 0 ° C da + 30 ° C, amma wannan baya nuna cewa a ƙarƙashin irin wannan yanayin furen ba zai mutu ba.

A kwanakin zafi, tsire-tsire yana buƙatar kariya daga yanayin zafi, a cikin lokacin sanyi matsakaicin zafin jiki shine + 10-12 ° С.

Fesa

Tsarin tsire-tsire mai ƙauna ba ya karɓar tarin ƙura a kan ganye, don haka akai-akai wanka na ƙarshen ba makawa. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da ruwan dumi da soso mai laushi.

Aspidistra na gida yana buƙatar ƙarin fesawa daga cikin ganye tare da ruwa mai tsafta, hanyoyin sun dace lokacin da ɗakin zazzabi ya saman + 19 ° C. Tsarin tsarin shine sau biyu a mako.

Haske

• Kodayake yana girma a cikin wurare masu inuwa na ma'anar yanayin halitta, a kowane yanayi da yakamata a hana kowa ya haskaka, ko da mafi ƙaranci, a cikin gida.
• Kada ka bijirar da shuka ga zafin rana. Yana da amfani don fitar da fure don yawon rani a cikin lambu mai Inuwa.
• Babban zaɓi don sanya tukunyar fure tare da aspidistra shine gefen arewa na gidaje.

Watse

Itace na waje shine mafi tsananin tsayayya wa fari fiye da danshi. Don hana yin jujjuyawa daga tushen tsarin, sha aspidistra da hankali.

Daidaitar da ruwa ya dogara da yawan zafin jiki a cikin dakin. Humanƙantar da kai ya dace lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe 2/3.

Idan furen yana cikin wuri mai sanyi - ana rage yawan shayarwa da rabi. Don ban ruwa amfani da ruwa kafaffen a zazzabi dakin.

Zaɓin tukunya

Freshanƙancinsu da haɓakar lian itacen dabbobi mai na hatsi ya dogara kai tsaye a kan tushen tushen tsirrai. Yankin tukunyar filawa, mafi girma, mai kauri da ƙari mafi girman kambi.

• Tushen aspidistra yana hanzarta girma cikin sauri, don haka damar girma ya zama yadu kuma yayi zurfi.
• Seedlingsa'idodin seedlings da aka sayi a cikin ƙananan kwantena suna buƙatar dasawa cikin m tukunya a cikin tukunya mai sarari.

Kasar

Rashin daidaituwa na fure zuwa abun da ke ƙasa shine dangi. Babu shakka, yana yiwuwa shuka da canja wuri zuwa ga gonar lambu, amma gogaggen masu girbe fure ka lura da gaskiyar cewa dasa ƙasa a daidaita a cikin abun da ke ciki ya ba ka damar shuka tsayi da ƙamshi mai ƙamari da ƙamshi mai kyau.

Ga ƙananan ƙwayoyin matasa, ya isa ya ƙirƙira cakuda peat da humus + magudanar ruwa ko yashi a cikin rabo na 2/2/1. Don kwanciyar hankali na tsire-tsire na balagagge, ya dace don ƙara mossan sphagnum ga wannan rabo, kazalika da gawayi, maye gurbin peat tare da turf ko ƙasa mai fure.

Aspidistra yana karɓar zaɓuɓɓukan ƙasa mai numfashi, don haka lokacin da ake haɗa cakuda ƙasa, mutum bai kamata ya manta game da kayan haɗin gwal ba.

Taki da taki

Itace yana buƙatar abinci mai gina jiki yayin aiki na lokacin girma. Daga Maris zuwa Satumba, an ba da shawarar yin takin ƙasa da takin mai magani tare da babban abun ciki na nitrogen.

Mitar taki na aikace-aikacen takin yana dogara ne da wurin furen:

• a wurare masu haske - sau ɗaya a wata;
• a cikin inuwa - sau ɗaya a kowane watanni uku.

Mafi kyawun tsarin takin zamani don maganin aspidistra shine rabin abin da masana'antun suka bada shawarar.

Tsarin ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai ruwa da kuma kayan miya a sama ya dace da fure mai gabas.

Fluorides da takin mai magani a cikin granules suna cutar da shuka.

Mafi mashahurin takin zamani don kayan ado da kayan ɗakuna shine Uniflor.

Canza aspidistra

Canje-canje sune samfurori waɗanda suka kafa ganye sama da 8, kuma tare da babban tsarin tushen.

• An dasa fure a cikin tukunya mafi girma ba tare da raba Tushen ba kuma share su kamar ƙurawar ƙasa. Sau da yawa kawai an cire saman.
• A lokacin kwanciyar hankali, ɓangarorin sama na wuyan tsohuwar ba su da ƙasa.
• Cakuda ƙasa don dasawa itace ƙasa mai ɗorewa tare da ƙari na peat da magudanar ruwa a cikin 2/2/1.

Dankin ya mayar da martani ga talauci, wannan hanyar ta dace ne kawai kamar yadda ya cancanta.

Mai jan tsami

Ana yin kayan ganyen na aspidistra kamar yadda ya cancanta. Cutaukar yanke tsattsauran tushe ana yin shi a tushen tushe. Cirewa yana batun fadadawa, busassun ganye masu kamuwa da cututtukan fata (tare da aibobi, ramuka, murguɗaɗɗe, dislored).

Lokacin hutawa

Ganyen perennial yana faranta rai tare da ciyawar fure a duk shekara, saboda haka fewan masu shukar furanni sun lura da wasu fasaloli na yanayin tafiyar ciyayi na dormancy na fure mai aspidistra. Kulawa a cikin gida don shuka daga farkon kaka har zuwa ƙarshen hunturu ya ƙunshi kiyaye ta a zazzabi ba ƙasa da + 16 ° С.

Sake bugun aspidistra

Yana yiwuwa saboda rarrabuwar tsararren tsirrai ko ganyayen ganye.

Sake bugun aspidistra ta hanyar rarraba daji

• Rarraba aspidistra ya haɗa da yanke tushen ƙwayar bayan cirewa daga tukunya zuwa sassa da yawa. Don seedlings, an zaɓi rhizomes tare da matasa biyu zuwa huɗu.
• Kowane ɓangare na shuka bayan an sanya rabo a cikin tukunyar filawa na mutum tare da diamita na akalla 15 cm, cike da peat, yashi da magudanar ruwa.
• Don tushen sauri mafi sauri bayan dasawa, ana ajiye kwantena tare da seedlings a cikin ɗakuna tare da hasken matsakaici a zazzabi na akalla + 20 ° С.

Yaduwa da ganye na aspidistra

Ganye yana yaduwa daga ganyayyaki aspidistra.

• Takardun ganye cikakke ba tare da lahani sun dace da tushen ba. Ana yin sare da ganyayyaki a ƙasan tushen tsarin.
• Leafy cuttings bushe a gindi ana sanya su a cikin rufaffiyar rufaffiyar ruwa tare da sanya shi a cikin wani wuri mai dumama, mara haske sosai har sai asalin farkon ya bayyana.
• Bayan Tushen tsiro, an sanya seedling a cikin ƙasa mai dasawa kuma ana ba da shuka tare da shayarwa na yau da kullun, zazzabi + 16-18 ° C, samun iska.

Cutar da kwari

Ko da lokacin kula da wata itaciya mai kama da rashin ma'ana, matsaloli masu zuwa na iya tashi:

• launin ruwan kasa a kan ganye aspidistra - mummunan tasirin radiation ultraviolet;
• bar crack - ba a girmama ma'aunin aikace aikacen taki ba;
• dasa Tushen rot - wuce haddi danshi, haifuwa daga cikin naman gwari (fusarium), da amfani da ƙasa mara tsabta lokacin dasa;
• launin ruwan kasa mai haske a gefunan ganyayyaki - inji ya sha wahala daga kunar rana a jiki;
• zaben 'yan wasa - wuce haddi danshi (chlorosis), kamuwa da wata fure tare da cututtukan hoto ko hoto ko fungal (anthracnose, root rot);
• Fushin yana bushewa - karancin hasken wuta;
• ba girma - kasa isasshen abinci mai gina jiki na kasar gona ta hanyar sha da babban abun ciki na gishiri da ma'adanai, lemun tsami da klorine;
• dasa Fade - subcooling, canje-canje kwatsam a zazzabi.

Irin wannan cutar ta shafi kwari kamar mealybug, gizo-gizo gizo, sifar fern.

Nau'in gida asmpistra na gida

Duk da nau'ikan Aspidistra, nau'in wannan tsirrai daya da aka shuka a ƙarƙashin yanayin cikin gida - Aspidistra babba (Aspidistra Elatior Blume).

Mashahurin sunan shine "dangi mai aminci". An halin shi da yawa foliage. Ganyayyaki masu siffar lanceolate elongated, mai haske, koren duhu mai duhu tare da jijiyoyin haske, tsawon 60-80 cm, tsawon 13-15 cm.

Shuka ba ta da tushe. Flowering ne mai wuya. A inflorescences kananan, purple, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari a cikin nau'i na mai siffa pear-dimbin yawa, a ciki abin da tsaba ripen.