Cattleya Orchid - kulawa gida, dasawa, nau'in hoto da iri

Cattleya (Cattleya) - ɗaya daga cikin kyawawan wakilan wakilan halittar Orchids. Wannan tsararren tsire-tsire na tsinkaye a cikin yanayi yana rayuwa akan hawan bishiyoyi ko tsakanin duwatsun kuma yana samun abinci mai gina kansa tare da taimakon sabon tsarin tushen asalinsu. Attleasar Cattleya orchids shine yanki mai zafi na Kudancin da Tsakiyar Amurka.

Muhimmin fasalin wannan orchid shine kasancewar dogayen ɗabi'o'in ɗauke da faranti masu launin ganye mai haske 1-2 masu launin farar fata mai haske. A lokacin furanni, manyan furanni masu ban sha'awa suna fitowa akan tsire. Kayan su na iya zama na bakin ciki, elongated, zagaye, corrugated, da sauransu. An fentin su cikin launuka daban-daban: daga fari da zaitun zuwa zinari da lilac-rasberi. Furen shima yana da leɓen wani sabon abu mai kama da kuma inuwa mai banbanci ga furannin.

Kuma duba yadda ake shuka orchids kamar dendrobium da vanda.

Cattleya Orchid: kulawar gida. A takaice

Cattleya orchid kulawa a gida. Daki-daki

Cattleya Orchid Bloom

Itace Cattleya orchid mai shuka a gida tayi fure kawai idan ta kai wasu shekaru da kuma girmanta. Yawanci, ciyawar fure fara taɓarɓar da waɗancan alamura waɗanda suke da oran huɗa 4 ko sama da haka.

Furen Cattleya suna da kyan gani sosai, launuka iri-iri da ƙanshin mai daɗi mai daɗi. Domin furanni ya dade har zuwa lokacinda zai yiwu, tsire, bayan an buɗe fure, an cire shi daga rana kai tsaye a inuwa m.

Yadda ake yin fure orchid fure

Don Cattleya orchid don a kai a kai don Allah tare da fure mai ɗorewa da tsawanta a gida, ya zama dole don tsara yanayin rayuwa mafi gamsarwa don ita: haske mai haske, matsakaicin iska, matsakaicin shayarwa, da sauransu.

A matsayin ƙarin gwargwadon ƙarfin fure, ana bada shawara ga shuka a cikin lokacin girma girma yana da bambanci a cikin yanayin dare da rana na akalla 7 ° C.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Cattleya yana buƙatar zafi don ci gaba mai ƙarfi da haɓaka: a cikin rana, zafin jiki ya kamata + 22- + 25 ° С, da dare - yakamata ya sauka zuwa + 18 ° С. A lokacin ragowar, ana canja shuka zuwa ɗakin sanyi tare da yawan zafin jiki na kimanin + 10 ° C.

Fesa

Cattleya orchid kulawa a gida bai kamata ya haɗa da bikin kamar fesawa ba. Ana iya yin wannan idan ya zama dole don ƙara yawan zafi a cikin ɗakin da shuka yake, yayin ba da barin ƙuraje ruwa ya faɗo kan harbe matasa da wuraren girma ba.

Haske

Don samuwar fure fure da bishiyar Cattleya mai zuwa, ana buƙatar hasken rana mai haske akai-akai. Koyaya, a ranakun zafi, shuka zai iya yin zafi sosai a karkashin rana, don haka a lokacin rani a tsakar rana ya kamata a sami inuwa. Wannan gwargwado kuma zai kare daga bayyanar konewa akan ganye.

Cattleya Orchid Watering

A lokacin rani, ana shayar da Cattleya sau da yawa, amma an ba da izinin substrate ta bushe tsakanin ruwa. Lokacin aiwatar da saman ruwa, yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa danshi ba ya kasancewa akan ƙananan harbe na shuka, wannan na iya haifar da bayyanar rot.

Hanya mafi kyau don sanyaya daskararren shine ta hanyar nutsar da tukunya a wani akwati na ruwa na minti 20-30. Hakanan zaka iya yin wanka mai zafi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci.

Cattleya Orchid Dankali

Ikon girma Cattleya na iya zama kowane: ana sa tsire a cikin filastik ko tukwane, a rataye kwanduna da tukwane, a kan guda na haushi. Idan fure ya girma tare da tushen rufaffiyar tushe, lokacin zabar tukunya don shi, ya kamata nan da nan kuyi tunani game da juyawa nan gaba.

Yana da mahimmanci a aiwatar da shi ta wannan hanyar don lalata lalacewa mai cutarwa ga tsarin tushen, don haka ya fi kyau a ɗauki tukunya da ba zai zama abin tausayi ba daga baya a yanke ko karye idan ya cancanta.

Kasar

Don namo Cattleya na cikin gida, suna amfani da kayan maye na musamman na orchid, ana siyarwa a shagunan fure, ko shirya cakuda ƙasa akan kansu, suna haɗa kyawawan guntun itacen gwari tare da polystyrene da ƙwayoyin motsi na sphagnum.

Taki da taki

Cattleya orchid na gida yana buƙatar ƙarin abinci mai gina jiki kawai a lokacin haɓaka mai aiki. A farkon lokacin girma, ana shuka tsiro tare da shirye-shirye tare da babban abun ciki na nitrogen, daga baya ana amfani da phosphorus da potassium fertilizing. Lokacin shirya matsalolin abinci mai gina jiki, a hankali saka idanu akan takaddar takin mai magani, tunda aikace-aikacen su wuce kima na iya haifar da mutuwar tushen tsarin. Cattleya overfeeding Har ila yau, sau da yawa tsokani ƙara girma na greenery zuwa lalata na fure.

Juyawa

Cattleya da gaske ba sa damuwa da tushen tsarin, sabili da haka, ya kamata a dasa su kawai idan akwai bukatar ainihin: lokacin da shuka ya cika cunkoson a cikin tukunya ko kuma lokacin da tsohuwar keɓaɓɓiyar keɓaɓɓu ta ɓoye.

Ana aiwatar da dasa bishiyar Cattleya orchid kamar haka: an dasa shukar "a hankali" ta hanyar cire shi daga tukunyar tare da mai, yana wanke tsohuwar ƙasa da ruwa. An yanke tushen lalacewa da lalacewa, an kula da yanka tare da ci mai ƙwanƙwasa. Sabuwar substrate ana soaked na ɗan lokaci a cikin ruwa, an ba da izinin magudana, bayan da an sanya tsire a hankali a cikin sabon tukunya.

Mai jan tsami

Yanke Cattleya ba lallai ba ne. Don kula da bayyanar kyakkyawa, yana yiwuwa kuma Dole a lokaci-lokaci don cire ganye mai lalacewa, furanni mara wilted da tsofaffin shinge.

Lokacin hutawa

Lokaci mai hutawa da yakamata don Cattleya shine sharadin zama na yau da kullun da yalwataccen fure. Domin shuka ya huta yadda zai yiwu kuma ya sami ƙarfi kafin sabon lokacin, an sanya shi a cikin ɗaki mai tsayi, mai ɗorewa sosai, yayin da aka rage raguwar ruwa zuwa ƙarami (kawai don kula da ɓarnar ganyayyaki da kwan fitila), an daina ciyar da abinci.

Cattleya orchid yaduwa ta yara

Yaran da suke lokaci-lokaci suna fitowa akan shuka uwa suna rabuwa ne a hankali, ana bi da su tare da haɓakar kere kere kuma ana dasa su a cikin abin da aka shirya. Matasa tsirrai suna tsara yanayi iri ɗaya kamar na samfuran manya.

Cattleya orchid yaduwa ta hanyar rarraba daji

Adult, tsirrai masu kafaffen tsire-tsire suna haifuwa sauƙaƙe ta hanyar rarrabuwa mai sauƙi. Ana ba da shawarar hanya kamar haka:

1. Ruwa da orchid yalwa kuma bar shi don da yawa hours wanda ya sa Tushen cike da danshi.
2. A hankali cire shuka daga tukunya da taku ta fannin, amma a hankali kurkura Tushen a cikin ruwan dumi don cire tsohon substrate.
3. Tare da kaifi pre-disinfected wuka, raba daji cikin sassa domin kowane ɗayansu yana da aƙalla 3 kafa kwararan fitila da kuma lafiya lafiya asalinsu. Yayyafa yanka da baƙin ƙarfe.
4. Delenki dasa a cikin tukwane mutum.

Cattleya yaduwa ta wannan hanyar zai fi dacewa a haɗe tare da dasa tsiron don kada a sake dagula shi tare da magudi tare da tushen tushen.

Cutar da kwari

Cattleya orchid wata itaciya ce mai tsananin bukatar da take mayar da hankali ga kurakurai cikin kulawa da ita. Matsalar kiwon lafiya na iya haɗawa da waɗannan alamun:

• Dry launin shuɗi a kan ganyen Cattleya. Sun shaida cewa shuka ya yi tsayi da yawa a rana. Ba za a iya magance ƙonewa ba, yakamata a girgiza orchid daga faɗuwar rana.
• Cattleya ganye ja. Ta hanyar kanta, ba alama ce ta cutar ba, ya kamata a sa ido sosai a kan shuka, kuma idan wasu alamun ba da tsoro suka bayyana, ci gaba da magani na tilas.
• Grey Fluffy shafi akan ganyen Cattleya (launin toka mai kauri). Yawancin lokaci yana bayyana lokacin da aka sa shuka a cikin ɗaki mai sanyi sosai tare da zafi mai yawa. Cutar ta sami nasara tare da wakilai na fungicidal na zamani.
• Baki rot. Yana bayyana saboda waterlogging, tushen overheating ko wuce haddi nitrogen a cikin substrate. Duk wuraren da cutar ta lalace ana cire su, bayan sun bushe sassan, ana kula da tsiron da maganin kashe guba.
• Farar fata a ganye da ganye na Cattleya (mildew powdery). Sanadin faruwa: wuce haddi nitrogen, babban zafi a babban iska zazzabi. Jiyya - jiyya tare da fungicide.
• Ganyen Cattleya ya juya ya zama launin toka har ya zama mai cike da launin ruwan kasa (tabin ƙwayar cuta). Irin waɗannan canje-canje a cikin bayyanar sune sakamakon rashin bin ka'idojin ban ruwa a hade tare da yawan zafin jiki na sama sosai. An cire duk wuraren da aka lalace tare da wuka mai kaifi, bayan an kula da shanu daga wani shiri na kashe rai.

Baya ga cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtukan fungal, orchids na iya shafar kwari: mealybug, aphids, kwari na kwari, ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo. Musamman magungunan kashe kwari suna taimakawa kawar da wata fure na kwari masu haɗari.

Nau'in Cattleya orchid gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

Cattleya hybrida (Cattleya hybrida)

Sunan da ya haɗu da wata ƙungiya da aka samo ta hanyar ƙetare ruwan Cattleya da nau'ikan sa da yawa.

Cattleya x venosa

Karamin, fure mai yalwar launuka tare da furanni masu kyawu waɗanda suke da dogayen fure-lemun tsami da ƙaramin lebe na launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi tare da tabo mai launin rawaya a tsakiyar.

Cattleya Earl Imperials

Shahararren launuka tare da launuka iri-iri na furanni: fararen furannin furanni suna kewaye da babban lebe na wannan inuwar tare da tabo mai ruwan lemo a tsakiyar.

Cattleya Eclipse

A na kowa matasan tare da manyan furanni da wani sabon abu siffar: na bakin ciki mai lankwasa petals na purple-rasberi launuka dogon lebe m, yi wa ado tare da Grid na mai haske veins veins.

Cattleya Miyuki

Asali mai saurin girma, yana sanadin yawan furanni. Yawancin inflorescences sun haɗu da furanni masu haske tare da fure-fure na inuwa rasberi da lebe na wani launi mai ruwan-launi na lemo-orange.

Cattleya Luteous Forb

Karamin tsire-tsire wanda yake yin fure sau biyu a shekara tare da fure mai rawaya-shuɗi tare da lebe na zinare mai ban sha'awa da ƙanshi mai daɗi.