Farashin fari na fari - wancan ne abin da suke fada game da snowdrop, wanda alamun ya nuna ƙarshen sanyi da sanyi. A farkon hasken rãnã na rãnã, a lokacin da aka kwantar da hanyoyi a cikin gandun daji, snowdrops ya bayyana. Sanninsu masu kyau suna bambanta da kyau da launi mai launin launin fata da launi na ƙasa baƙar fata. A wasu kasashe, furancin wannan shuka yana haɗuwa da bege na sabuwar rayuwa, zuwan zafi. Yau, idan ana buƙata, kowane mai gonar lambu ko ɗakin zafi zai iya saya irin wannan kyau. Yakamata ya zabi wuri mai dacewa don dusar ƙanƙara, karanta bayanin irin jinsuna kuma ya kange kanka da bayani game da ƙayyadadden kayan aikin gona.
A cikin al'ummomi daban-daban, wannan alamar suna sanannun sunayensu. Saboda haka, sunan Latin mai suna galantus (Galanthus), wanda yake nufin flower flower. Sunan Ingilishi shine Snowdrop, ma'ana "snow drop". A Jamus, ana kiran fure da ƙararrawa mai dusar ƙanƙara.
Shin kuna sani? Akwai labarai da yawa game da asalin snowdrops. Bisa ga fassarar Littafi Mai Tsarki, galantus ya zama flower na farko da Hauwa'u ta ga bayan an fitar da ita daga Aljanna. Ganinsa, ta sami bege cewa Allah ba zai bar mutane ba. Wani labari na Helenanci ya ce waɗannan furanni sun samo daga ƙwayar nono daga mahaifiyar Apollo da Artemis, da ake kira Leto.
Snowdrop: bayanin irin furanni na farko
Snowdrop ko galantus ƙananan tsirrai ne (10-50 cm) na itatuwan bulbous na iyalin Amaryllis tare da gajeren kakar girma. An rarraba a cikin gandun daji na kusa, a kan gandun daji, tare da bankunan kogi a Turai da Asia Minor. Halin ya hada da jinsin 18. A cikin al'adun dasa shuki snowdrop Elweza, Voronov, talakawa (dusar ƙanƙara), mai tsayi, mai launi, Caucasian, da dai sauransu.
Galanthus blooms a farkon spring tare da farin fari drooping furanni a cikin hanyar bluebells. Kayan da ke dauke da raguna shida yana da tsawon 15-30 mm. Yana da nau'i biyu na linzamin launi 0.5-3 cm kuma 10-20 cm tsawo.Ya yi wanzuwa daya daga cikin farko daga cikin primroses - zuwa karshen Fabrairu - farkon watan Maris, lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta fara fada. Lokacin da furanni na snowdrops sun bayyana, sauran lokutan farkon tsibirin suna barci. Yayin tsawon flowering shine kimanin wata daya. Mafi sau da yawa girma cikin kungiyoyi.
Shin kuna sani? Sauran lokutan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ana ma su ana magana da su kamar snowdrops Alal misali, anemone, scilla. Duk da haka, waɗannan su ne daban-daban tsire-tsire.
Domin bayanin bayanin snowdrop zai taimake ka ka bayyana ma'anar rawar da ke kan shafin, dole ne a bayyana fasalin fasalin furen. Gaskiyar ita ce, yawancin shekara, kamar kowane tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire mai girma, yana ciyarwa ƙasa. Bayan flowering a watan Febrairun-Afrilu, cinyewa da mutuwa daga cikin ganyayyaki suna shiga cikin hibernation. Duk sauran watanni da albasa ta tasowa. Tana samun ƙarfi don sabon lokacin flowering, ciyar da abubuwa masu amfani. A kwan fitila ya bar sauran lokuta a cikin fall (a watan Oktoba) - to, sabbin asali sun fara girma. Disamba-Janairu shine lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta fara girma.
Duk da irin yanayin da yake da ita, tsire-tsire ne mai tsananin sanyi, yana jurewa Fabrairu da Maris. Kulawa mai ban mamaki. Ba da wuya a kan abun da ke ciki na kasar gona. Ba ji tsoron cututtuka da kwari ba.
Girman dusar ƙanƙara a gonar, iri don girma
Karuwar galantus a gonar ba shi da wuyar gaske. Yau, zabar su babbar - game da nau'in 120 da kuma hybrids na wannan primrose sun shayar da shayarwa. Dabbobi da kuma irin snowdrops bambanta a tsayi tsawo, launi na ƙananan fure, tsarin da girman furanni, lokacin da tsawon lokacin flowering. Mafi sau da yawa, dachas girma Elvez snowdrop, talakawa (snow-fari), folded da iri.
Shin kuna sani? Dukkan nau'o'in daji na daji suna kare. Wasu nau'o'in (sunadarai na Bortkiewicz da Voronov, Lagodekhsky, masu fadi, ƙwallon ƙafa, masu amfani da ita) sun haɗa su a cikin rijistar tsire-tsire masu hatsari da kuma hatsari a cikin Red Book. Za a azabtar da tarinsu, sayarwa da siyansu tare da lada. An ba da izinin sayar kawai snowdrops girma a greenhouses.
Galanthus Elweza ko kudancin (Galanthus elwesii) yana nufin jinsin tsayi - ya kai wani tsawo na 15-30 cm (wasu nau'i na girma zuwa rabin mita). Yana da ƙananan ganye - har zuwa 2 cm Fure-fure irin wannan snowdrops ya fara da wuri - a cikin Fabrairu-Maris (kalmar ya dogara da yankin ci gaba). Kwayoyin fararen fata suna da fari tare da rawaya a cikin tushe. Akwai nau'i 15 da aka sani da wannan nau'in.
Gudun Gida na Kayan (Galanthus Navalis) yan kadan kadan daga Elweza snowdrop - a watan Maris-Afrilu. Kwayoyinsa suna girma zuwa 1.5-2.5 cm. Ganye yana da duhu, mai tsayi 10 cm. Game da nau'in nau'i 50 na wannan jinsin an bred. Mafi yawancin su shine Flore Pleno, Viridapice, Samuel Arnott.
Galanthus folded (Galanthus plicatus) samu sunansa saboda yana da ninka akan zanen gado. Ana nuna fentin launin toka-kore, mai lankwasa a gefuna. A furanni ne fari, 2-3 cm tsawo. Ƙananan ƙwayoyin fata - tare da rawaya ko rawaya-kore a tsakiyar. Ya fado a Fabrairu da Afrilu.
Duk da cewa gaskiyar cewa galantus an dauke shi da tsire-tsire maras kyau, dole ne ya bi wasu jagororin don dasawa da kulawa.
Zaɓi wuri don dusar ƙanƙara a gonar
Galanthus ya fi son wuraren haske masu haske tare da wata inuwa, misali, a karkashin inuwar wani itace shrub ko bishiya. Fure za ta iya girma a kowace ƙasa, amma za'a fi kyau a cikin ƙasa mara kyau, ƙasa mai laushi.
Yana da muhimmanci! Babban yanayin ci gaba galantus shine yawan yalwa a cikin bazara.
Yadda za a dasa shuddan snowdrops a kasar
Tsasa galantus a kasar ba wuya. Yana da tsire-tsire mai tsayuwa, zai iya girma, yana jurewa ruwan fari na fari da tsutsa, tsayayye tare da takaice.
Ƙasa shirye-shiryen dasa
Dusar ƙanƙara za ta iya daidaitawa ga kowane ƙasa, amma har yanzu, idan akwai damar, za ka iya taimakawa ta gaggauta shiga filin. Don haka, idan kuna da ƙasa mai laka, to lallai ya zama dole don yin yashi. A kowane hali, yana da mahimmanci don tafasa ƙasa - kasan rijiyoyin ya kamata a rufe shi da takin gargajiya ko humus.
Yadda za a dasa snowdrops, haifar da furanni na farko na bazara
Yaya za a samar da dusar ƙanƙara? Zai yiwu a shuka sabon tsire-tsire a hanyoyi da yawa: iri da kuma vegetative - ta rarraba kwan fitila. Tsarin tsire-tsire yana da tsawo - ana kamata a sa ran seedlings a cikin shekaru 3-5. An yi amfani dashi sosai. Yana da sauri da sauƙi don fadada primroses ta rarraba kwararan fitila. Don yin wannan watakila a farkon spring. A wannan lokaci, zaka iya shuka lokacin da snowdrops yayi girma. Ko kuma a lokacin lokacin da ake cin ganyayyaki - bayan ganye sun bushe: daga Yuli zuwa Satumba. Don amfanin gona na farko, dole ne a saya kwararan fitila a cikin kantin kayan sana'a ko rabu da albasa daga abokai da maƙwabta. A lokacin rani wani daji ya fito daga daya zuwa hudu albasa. Ana rarraba rabuwa a yayin da rukuni na shuke-shuke ya kai 7-9 kofe.
Shuka kwararan bugun buƙatar bazai buƙatar bayan wata guda bayan sayan ko rabuwa. In ba haka ba, furen zai kasance ƙasa da ƙasa mai yiwuwa ya dauki tushe a fili. Duk wannan lokacin, dole a adana kwararan fitila a cikin wuri mai sanyi, zaka iya cikin yashi rigar. Kafin dasa shuki kwararan fitila, wajibi ne don tabbatar da cewa suna da cikakke, ba tare da tafiyar matakai ba, kuma baza su shafi mota ba. Tushensu bazai bushe ba. Tsarin bin doka - mutunci na kwan fitila ya ƙare.
Shin kuna sani? Snowbrop bulbs dauke da galantamine alkaloid, sabili da haka suna da guba ga mutane. Don wannan dalili, suna da kusan ba abin kwari.
Ganye zurfin ƙasa ne mai dogara. A kan ƙasa mai laushi, da kwan fitila dole ne a binne ta nesa na 2-3 sau fiye da kwan fitila kanta. A cikin ƙasa mai nauyi, an dasa shuki a kan tsawon kwan fitila, kuma zurfin rami bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da mintimita 5. Yawancin lokaci ana shuka bishiyoyi a cikin layuka na 10-30 ko a kungiyoyi. Idan an dasa dusar ƙanƙara a cikin fall, sa'an nan kafin sanyi, dole ne a kara ƙasa tare da peat ko humus.
Lokacin da zai kasance shekaru shida bayan dasa, ana bada shawara ga dashi snowdrops zuwa sabon wuri a cikin bazara, ba jiran flowering da har sai koren ganye. Rubuta su da tsofaffin clod na ƙasa, ba tare da damuwa da albasa - snowdrops ba sa son wannan. Sun kuma basu jurewa lokacin da suke damuwa yayin lokacin flowering. Gaba ɗaya, mayar da martani ga dashi shi ne haɗari - wani lokacin ma sun ki yarda suyi furanni har tsawon shekaru. Sau da yawa, na farko flowering na iya jira na biyu ko uku. Duk da haka, daga bisani, bayan shuka ya samo asali, zai kawo furanni kowace shekara.
Asirin girma snowdrop a gonar
Saboda haka, kun rigaya san yadda kuma inda za ku shuka snowdrops, yadda za a dasa su. Nan gaba, zamu mayar da hankali ga wasu matakai akan kula da primroses a gonar. 
Asirin ci gaba da cin nasara na galantus ba haka ba ne. Na farko, idan bazara ba zai shiga ruwa ba, to, yana da kyau a shayar da furanni. Watering kuma ana gudanar da shi nan da nan bayan shayarwa da kuma lokacin busassun lokaci. Abu na biyu, don yankan ganye, yana da daraja jiran farkon lokacin dormar - lokacin da suka mutu a fili. In ba haka ba, yana yiwuwa ya rushe ci gaban kwararan fitila da kuma tsokana dakatar da flowering na gaba kakar.
A lokacin da ake girma girma, lambun snowdrops za a iya ciyar da ruwa inorganic potassium phosphate da takin mai magani.
Yana da muhimmanci! Kada ku yi amfani da nitrogen na taki don fertilizing snowdrops. Wannan na iya haifar da girma daga cikin ganyayyaki na shuka kuma, sakamakon haka, ci gaba da cututtukan cututtuka a cikinsu.
Daga cututtukan, snowdrops zai iya shafawa da tsatsa, m mold, chlorosis, da kuma wasu cututtuka na bidiyo. Har ila yau, za su iya kai farmaki ga rodents, slugs, butterflies, moths, bulbous nematode. Ana amfani dasu mai amfani sosai a cikin tsarin zane-zane. Lokacin yin flowerbeds, ana iya dasa su a kungiyoyi daban-daban ko kuma a matsayin tsire-tsire na ƙasa. Ana amfani da furanni a cikin gonaki, da rockeries da nunin faifai. Zai yiwu yin amfani da galantus a cikin tukunyar tukunya. 
Idan kun shuka iri-iri na primroses, za ku iya cimma tsawon lokaci - tsawon watanni uku. Saboda haka, a cikin Fabrairu, za su fara Bloom Elweza snowdrops. Masu fararen furanni na Snow za su ba furanni a cikin wata, a watan Maris. Rubuta snowdrops iya gladden flowering a watan Maris-Afrilu. Sabbin su ne broadleaf galantus. Sauran primroses za su kasance mafi kyau makiyaya na flower: crocuses, primroses, lungwort, narcissus, hyacinths. Kyakkyawan kallo tare da rassan perennials na matsakaici da girma: runduna, peonies, ferns.
Idan an dasa wuri don dasa shukiyar dusar ƙanƙara wanda aka samu nasara kuma ingancin fure ya samo asali akan shi, sa'an nan kuma bayan ɗan lokaci zai fara ninka a kansa, ba tare da shigarwa ba. Kuma za ku ji daɗin jin dadin launin kore mai launin kore a farkon lokacin bazara.
