Wadannan apples suna bayyana a cikin lambunanmu a cikin na farko, kuma saboda haka suna son mutanen da yawa.
Juicy da m, Daughter Papias iyakar iyayensa ba ta wucewa kawai ba.
Tana jin tsoron sanyi da rashin lafiya.
Idan ba za ku iya tunanin gonarku ba tare da farkon apples apples, tabbatar da shuka akalla itacen daya na wannan ban mamaki, banda kyakkyawa iri-iri marasa kyau.
Abin da ke nufi
Yawan iri apples Yankunan tsakiya na Turai na Rasha na Rasha.
Saurin rani sun hada da: Apple Mai ceto, Bely Pouring, Yandykovskoe, Gorno-Altaiskoye, Gornist, Malinovka, Hero na Day, Terentyevka, Silver Hoof, Solntsedar, Yuzhny, Mai ban mamaki, Yuzhny, Krasnoe a baya, Ruwan Ruwa, Abokiyar Jama'a, Daukar Melba.
Ruwan jini
A matsayin pollinator dace da nau'ikan iri-iri Papirovka, da Malt lage, Grushovka Moscow, Borovinka, Yuli Chernenko.
Don yin amfani da tsirrai da kuma samun girbi mai kyau na itatuwan apple. a nesa da ba fiye da 50 m daga juna.
Description iri-iri Daughter Papirovki
Yi la'akari da bayyanar itace da 'ya'yan itace.
Bishiyoyi daga matsakaici zuwa tsawo, kai 7-8 m a tsawoiko tare da tsantsa mai girma-pyramidal ko bristle kambi. Ƙungiyar Uterine girma a manyan kusassai game da akwati, suna da launin toka-launin toka.
Hanyoyi suna madaidaiciya, daga haske launin ruwan kasa zuwa launin toka-launin ruwan kasa, matsakaici-tsakiya. Lamina mai girma ne, mai tayarwa, sau da yawa yana da ƙuƙwalwar zuciya a cikin tushe.
Ganyayyaki suna da duhu a launi, suna tare tare da layin tsakiya kuma dan kadan mai lankwasawa. An lalata murfin ganyayyaki, tsakanin gabobi yana da haɗin kai da rashin ƙarfi.
Ƙunƙun da ganye suna dan kadan, wajabi ne. A cikin bayyanar, ganye suna kama da Anis, amma sun bambanta da shi a cikin manyan nau'o'i da kuma kasancewar haske. Leaf stalks ne lokacin farin ciki da in mun gwada da gajeren.
Seedlings ne low, harbe suna da launin ruwan kasa-launin ruwan kasa. A kwana na asali na babba harbe ne 45-60º. Ganye yana girma a wani kwana na 90 na zuwa ga tushe. Ana amfani da tsaba a kan wani abu mai dwarf.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari matsakaici girman, kusa da ƙananan (80-100 g), wanda ya fi girma, a cikin siffar yana iya zama zagaye, mai kwakwalwa, mai laushi. A saman suna da ƙwayoyin riba.
A kan apples of apples, wani lokaci na lokaci shovchik. A saucer ne ƙananan, kunkuntar, ribbed.
Ramin din yana kunkuntar, ya rufe sassan. Tsawon da kuma kauri daga cikin tushe suna da matsakaici, tsaka tsaye tsaye a kan rami.
Tsirfan gida daga matsakaici zuwa babba, sanya a tsakiyar apple ko dan kadan zuwa sama. Za'a iya rufe ɗakin ɗakin ajiya da kuma rabin bude.
Launi na apples daga haske kore zuwa yellowish. Yawan 'ya'yan itatuwa cikakke suna da launi mai launin rawaya. An nuna ta wurin kasancewa da alamomi masu yawa masu kyau, masu kyau da yawa waɗanda suke kama da Papiro.
A cikin haske rana a kan apples bayyane zinariya tan. Rufin launi ya ɓace. Fata na 'ya'yan itace mai yawa. Jiki yana da fari, dan kadan rawaya, mai taushi da m, m. Ƙananan sako-sako, amma fiye da Papy. Ku ɗanɗani apples m zaki da m.
Hotuna
Tarihin kiwo
Bambanci samu a 1937 a tashar gwajin Kuibyshev aikin lambu ta hanyar tsallakawa Anisa Scarlet kuma Papies, a halin yanzu a cikin rajista na jihar Yankunan Samara da Ulyanovsk. Marubucin wannan nau'in shine Soviet. Breeder S.P. Cedar. Sapling ya fara kai 'ya'yan itace a 1947. Sabuwar iri-iri Babbar Papia a dandano da sanyi juriya.
Ƙasar girma
An zana iri-iri a yankin Samara, Ulyanovsk da Orenburg. A halin yanzu girma cikin Tsakiyar Tsakiya da Ural yankuna.
Tsarin itatuwan apple Tree Tree Papiroka yana da tsaka-tsakin hunturu da tsinkaye kuma ana iya bada shawara ga yankunan da yanayin matsanancin yanayi, ciki harda Leningrad, Vologda, Pskov da Novgorod yankunaciki har da Valdai Hills.
A yankuna kudancin, nau'o'in suna nuna yawan amfanin ƙasa da kuma dandano mai kyau, a arewaci, yawan amfanin ƙasa ya ƙasaita, ƙananan ya fi ƙasa, dandano yana daga kyau zuwa kyau.
Wadannan bishiyoyi masu kyau suna dace da dasa shuki a cikin wadannan yankuna: Imrus, Antey, Cinnamon Striped, Cliff, Young Naturalist, Cinnamon Novoe, Quinti, Snow Calvil, Pepin Saffron, Rennet Simirenko, Uspenskoe, Rennet Chernenko, Zhigulevskoe, Zvezdochka, Anis Striped.
Yawo
Sakamakon ya bambanta a farkon fructification - don shekaru 3-5 da yawan amfanin ƙasa. Daura Papirova tana nufin mafi farkon lokacin rani irin apples.
A kudancin yankunan da 'ya'yan itatuwa sun riga sun riga sun fara a karo na biyu na Yuli, a tsakiyar Rasha - a farkon rabin watan Agusta. Dukansu perennial da matasa biyu da uku shekara daya rassan da 'ya'yan itace twigs kai' ya'yan itace.
Matasan bishiyoyi (shekaru 8-11) a matsakaita Shekaru 4 ya karu da kashi 62 cikin dari a kowace hectare (50 kg daga itacen daya), kuma mafi yawan 'ya'yan itace na apple suka zo ne a shekaru 15-16 da suka kai 150 na tsakiya a kowace hectare a yankunan kudanci.
Matasan bishiyoyi kai 'ya'ya a kowace shekara. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun yi daidai a lokaci guda, kusan ba a zuga ba. Ana cirewa a cikin biki ɗaya ko biyu. 'Ya'yan itatuwa suna da taushi sosai, sauƙi lalacewa lokacin da ake girbe kuma suna buƙatar kulawa sosai.
Apples suna da rai mai rai - har zuwa makonni biyu kusan ba batun harkokin sufuri.
A cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa masu ajiya na iya kwanta har wata dayaDuk da haka, a gida yana da wuya a kula da yawan zafin jiki da ake so.
Yawancin lokaci, ba'a adana apples ba, amma ana cinye ko an sarrafa su nan da nan. Idan har yanzu kuna so ku adana girbi, za ku iya mirgina sabbin apples a cikin lita uku na gilashi ko saka su a cikin jaka a filastik, kunnen dasu kuma saka su cikin sanyi.
Dasa da kulawa
An yi shuka shuka spring bisa ga daidaitaccen tsari.
Za ku iya dasa itatuwa da a cikin kaka, amma baya bayan wata daya kafin fara sanyi. Don saya seedlings shine mafi kyau a cikin gidaje a wurin zama.
Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa itacen apple yana dacewa da yanayi na gida. Ƙananan ƙaramin seedling, mafi kyau. Yana da matukar kyau idan an lalata itacen a kan sayan: wannan hanya za ku iya tabbatar cewa an girma a wannan gandun daji.
Kafin daukar nauyin tushen, kunsa su da gansakuka, zane mai laushi ko takarda kuma kunsa su a cikin kunshi filastik don adana laima.
Idan ka sayi seedling a cikin akwati, duba shi daga ƙasa kuma ka tabbata cewa akwai matasan asali suna jingina daga ciki.
Distance tsakanin bishiyoyi a gonar ya zama ba kasa da 4-6 m ba.
Don ci gaba mai kyau da kuma ci gaba da itatuwan apple, dasa shuki a tsaka tsaki, ƙasa mai kyau-ƙasa mai kyau. arziki a potassium da kwayoyin halitta.
Ya kamata kasar gona ta zama mai tsabta. An shirya wurin saukowa don sapling a gaba, a lokacin bazara lokacin da aka shirya wuri a cikin kaka. Idan ƙasa mai kyau ne, ana shuka itatuwan a cikin rami.
A kan loams, loams sandy, da chernozems, ya isa ya cire saman Layer na duniya da kuma yin tsagi a cikin 15-20 cm. A kan sandy kasa, a akasin haka, shirya babban square wani rami game da zurfin 80 cm sanya moss cikin ciki don riƙe da danshi da kayan abinci da kuma rufe shi da ƙasa mai kyau.
A wannan yanayin, ana gudanar da dasa bishiyoyi a shekara mai zuwa, tare da gabatarwar wajibi na ma'adinai masu mahimmanci (amma ma'adinai na ma'adinai, kamar sabo ne, ba za a iya karawa a yayin dasa ba, wannan zai iya haifar da ƙonawa).
A cikin yashi, yashi da kuma podzolic kasa a lokacin dasa kuma yi Organic taki - takin, humus ko rotted taki. Clay, peat, da kuma wuraren da ruwa mai zurfi kusa da 1 m, ba su dace da itatuwan apple. A wannan yanayin, an dasa itatuwan apple a babban tudu.
Saukowa samfurin ta amfani da takalmawanda aka kai zuwa tsakiyar rami. Ana amfani da sapling a fatar, tushen da ya dace kuma an rufe shi cikin ƙasa.
Kada ku dasa itace sosai da zurfi, hakan zai lalata ci gabanta kuma yana iya haifar da mutuwa.
Ƙaƙwalwar wuyansa ya zama 3-5 cm sama da matakin kasa.
Za a iya gyara gyaran saukowa ta hanyar cika shimfidar wuri a kusa da gangar jikin a cikin wani shinge.
Nan da nan bayan dasa shuki, ana shuka nau'in seedling zuwa wani nau'i da kuma shayar da 1-2 buckets na ruwa ko da kuwa yanayin yanayi. Don ban ruwa tare da gefuna na rami ya sa rami. Bayan da ƙasa ta ragu, an ɗaura itacen a hankali, zai fi dacewa tare da taimakon tarin uku.
Apple, musamman ma a farkon shekarun ci gaba, ya zama dole don tabbatar da watering.
Da farko ya shafi yankunan bushe. Don riƙe da danshi, kasar gona tana cike da sawdust, haushi, taki ko fim din baki.
A cikin bazara apple trunks whitewash don yin rigakafin kunar rana a jiki.
A lokacin spring pruning cire rassan rassan. Yana da wanda ba'a so ya cutar da itacen a wannan lokacin, tun da zubar da sap zai iya sa rassan su bushe.
An samu mafiya kyawun samfurin a cikin fall.
A saboda wannan dalili, raguwa da thinning na rassan an yi.
Cire busassun rassan, harbe da cewa tsoma baki tare da juna, rabu da mu waxannan wurare na kambi.
A general mulki a lokacin da pruning: cire gasar tare da tsakiya na tsakiya, a tsaye girma rassan, barin a kwance.
Sashe suna rufe tare da filin farar lambu.
Kwafaccen pruning ne wanda ba a ke so, kamar yadda take kaiwa ga karuwar girma na kananan harbe.
Cututtuka da kwari
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari da ganyayyaki na' yar mata na Paprika suna da matsakaici scab juriya da sauran cututtuka. Wannan sashi a kasa mai saukin kamuwa da cututtuka idan aka kwatanta da Papirova, amma kuma yana buƙatar magungunan kwari da magunguna.
Scab kamar siffar baƙar fata da kuma girma wanda ya fara bayyana a bishiyoyi, sa'an nan kuma je wurin 'ya'yan itace. Ci gaban wannan cuta mara kyau yana taimaka wa ruwa.
Tare da ɗan gajeren nisa tsakanin itatuwan apple, cutar ta yadu da sauri, ta motsa daga itace zuwa wani. Don kare daga scab, Gwangwadon bishiyoyi na yau da kullum da shirye-shirye na musamman
Daya daga cikin mafi kyau shine: "Aljanna mai lafiya", "Laya", "Zircon".
Wannan sabon sabbin halittu masu ilmin halitta, marasa illa ga mutane.
An haramta sosai amfani da magungunan ƙwayoyin cutar shan magani kamar su "Nitrofen" da sauran ƙwayoyin da aka haramta don amfani a cikin makircin gonar da kusa da wurin zama.
Don magance kwari da kwari wanda yake sa a cikin haushi bishiyoyi, ana yin fararen launi a cikin bazara a yanayin bushe.
Wannan lamari yana da mahimmanci a ci gaba a yankuna kudancin, har ma a yankunan da hunturu ke gudana.
Abubuwa masu yawa na iri-iri na 'yar Dauda farkon fruiting, high yawan amfanin ƙasa da kuma hunturu hardiness. Apples sun fi dadi da m idan aka kwatanta da Papirovka, amma karami.
Wadannan rashin amfani sun hada da kananan 'ya'yan itace a yawan amfanin ƙasa matsakaici tsayayya ga scab.
Dubi bidiyo a kan yadda ake yin ruwa na Bordeaux?
