Dear baki a cikin teburin abinci - ruwan inabi "Cardinal"

Yana da wuya a yi imani cewa wannan abin farin ciki ne a kowane hali. 'ya'yan itace tare da suna mai suna "Cardinal", ba a bayyana a kudancin kasar Faransa ba, inda yake ƙaunar ƙaunar da ba shi da kyau, kuma ba a cikin Italiya ba, inda wanda matsayin da ake kira shi yana da mahimmanci, amma a kan Yammacin bakin teku na New World, kuma mafi yawan kwanan nan ta hanyar tarihi.

Asalin

Daga cikin nau'in innabi 10,000 da ke cikin duniya, wasu daga cikinsu ana gabatarwa akan shafin yanar gizonmu, an gane shi gaba daya tsaye a waje don banbancin manyan manyan berries, launin launi na launin ja-purple, da haske mai ƙanshi na ƙanshi mai ƙanshi mai haske. Muscat na Hamburg, Pleven da jin dadi suna kusa da shi.

Shi mashahurin masoya ne a teburin abinci, abincin abincin ga kayan giya na kayan zaki, tushen kiwon lafiya da kuma endorphins - hormones na farin ciki.

Da alama cewa haske launin ruwan kasa harbe da biyar-leaf leaf m duba a gare mu daga dukan shimfidar wurare na Rum.

Amma Ƙasar California ta zama gida ga iri-iri a cikin karni na ashirinwanda yawancin latsawa, ko da a kwatanta da Italiya, ya fi kusa da mahalarta. Wani bako mai ban sha'awa na gidajenmu, wanda aka samo asali ne daga California, ita ce 'ya'yan inabi na ƙwaƙwalwa.

Wannan shi ne inda wannan mahimmancin kwarewa ya fito daga. yanayi mai zafi da zafi da irin wannan yanayin zuwa yanayin mummunan yanayi: Ya faru da ruwan sama da dan kadan sanyi - launin toka yana fitowa akan ganye.

A matsayin mutum na farko a cikin al'umma na iri iri, yana buƙatar kulawa da kansa da kulawa, amma duk matsalolin agrotechnology an biya su ta hanyar sayar da kayayyaki na kundin rana.

Girman da berries "Cardinal" ya kai 40 mm a diamita. Wannan Berry ba ya ci a cikin wani ciji. Wani wakilin inabi tare da manyan berries ne Atos iri-iri.

Tabbatar da alamu

A cikin ƙirƙirar iri-iri, a matsayin mai mulkin, don samar da sabon shuka tsinkaye mafi kyau mafi kyawun halaye yana amfani da siffofin iyaye biyu, yana nuna bayyanarta ta dace.

"Cardinal" ya gaji:

• daga yankuna masu yawa a kudancin Turai da Arewacin Afrika "Sarauniya na Vineyards" tsinkaye masu yawa na farkon 'ya'yan itatuwa masu girma da dandano na musamman tare da ƙanshi mai ƙanshi. Ƙari - farkon fruiting (Kwanaki 110 daga lokacin bude kodan);
• "Alfons Lavalle" ya ba da berries na halitta iri-iri launi, kwatankwacin darajar (har zuwa 6 grams.) da kuma kyan gani mai kyau na bayyanar goge. Ƙari - high yawan amfanin ƙasa (har zuwa 160 kg / ha).

Sabili da haka, sabon nau'in "Cardinal" ya fara tafiya a fadin duniya, wanda ya zama ainihin tushen aiwatar da wannan fashewa a kasashe daban-daban:

• a Bulgaria danginsa ya zama "Maritsa" da "Plovdiv -2";
• a Faransa - 6 samfurori iri;
• a Rasha - iri iri "Arcadia", "Sofia", "Fata", "Sarkin sarakuna", "Transfiguration", "Anapa Cardinal" da sauransu.

A kasarmu, yanzu wannan iri-iri ba kawai ado na greenhouses da greenhouses, amma al'adu don bude ƙasa, duk da haka, har yanzu ne a cikin yankunan kudancin: Birnin Krasnodar da Stavropol, a Arewacin Caucasus, a cikin Crimea. A karkashin wannan yanayi, iri-iri Demeter da Mavr na iya bada sakamako mai kyau.

Abin sha'awa: A cikin karni na 18, an kafa lambun sarakuna a ƙauyen Izmailovo kusa da Moscow. Daya daga cikinsu ana kiransa - "innabi", amma babban abu a kan gadaje kawai ganye ne da kabeji.

Menene ya jawo hankali kuma ya haifar da damuwa a tsakanin lambu?

1. Amfanin "Cardinal" a matsayin tebur iri-iri sun hada da:
   • Ƙayyadaddun kalmomi na 'ya'yan itace (muna cin' ya'yan itatuwa a tsakiyar watan Agusta);
   • girbi mai albarka
     (har zuwa 102 c / ha);
   • ado ado na manyan berries;
   • kananan adadin tsaba
     (2-3);
   • cin gashin dogon zinare;
   • zaki da acid suna daidaita a dandano na berries, abin da ke sa shi shakatawa;
   • 'ya'yan itãcen marmari sun yarda da sufuri da ajiya har zuwa watanni uku;
   • da shuka yana jurewa fari ba tare da jin tsoro ba;
2. Abokan da ba za a iya jurewa ba ko bukatar magance su:
   • yawan rashin lafiya;
   • ƙara thermophilicity da kuma rashin lafiyar sanyi a duk lokacin girma;
   • flower fitarwa lokacin da yanayin deteriorates a cikin tsawon flowering, a sakamakon - pea berries;
   • inabi m zuwa kwayoyin kwayoyin kowane irin;
   • yana da ƙananan kofa ga hunturu hunturu (-19).

Bambancin bayanin

1. A cikin yanayin jin dadi da zafi da rana, na al'amuran mahaifarsa, inabi suna ba da girma a harbe har zuwa mita 3.

   Duk da haka, ikon ƙarfinsa na iya ƙaddara matsayin matsakaici;

2. Ƙetare (a zagaye a giciye) nan da nan ya zama launin tagulla-launin ruwan kasa, matures da 2/3, yana da isasshen adadin ganye;
3. Kwana biyar-lobed, duhu kore, haske, tare da furta hakora a gefen. Matasan ganye suna haske tare da tagulla. A cikin kaka da ganye ya juya rawaya;
4. Flowers furanni, ƙananan, koreren haske, sun haɗu a cikin goga. Suna da pestle kamar gynzea, androceia - stamens. Rashin lafiya yana da kyau;
5. Cluster sako-sako da, babbana kan dogon tseren da ido yana ƙarfafa tsawon hannun (har zuwa 25 cm). Form - hade da mazugi tare da cylinder, da samuwar reshe mai yiwuwa. An cire ragowar sauƙi daga tushe, wanda ke taimakawa girbi;
6. Berries, mai girma m (16h26mm) da kuma yin la'akari har zuwa 6 grams., suna da fata na fata na dukan tabarau na ja da Lilac kuma an rufe shi da wani bakin ciki na bakin ciki (kakin zuma). Kwangwali maras kyau maras kyau tare da tsirrai guda biyu masu nau'in nau'i mai nauyin nau'i suna nuna dadi mai dadi mai dadi (sugar zuwa acid ratio 2: 1), tare da yawancin zaki, da kuma kasancewa na bayanin martaba na nutmeg cikin ƙanshi;
7. A kan harbe shi yana cigaba lokaci guda har zuwa 2 goge yin la'akari har zuwa ½ kilogram;
8. Binciken dandano a dandalin dandanawa - maki 8.9.

Haka kamfanoni suna mallaki ta da iri-iri na Monte Cristo da ni'ima.

Hotuna

Hoton 'ya'yan inabi "Cardinal":

Ayyukan

1. Ikon da yadawa na daji, wanda ya ba da damar yin amfani da nau'i-nau'i-nau'i ko fan-fan;
2. Ƙimar yawan amfanin ƙasa mai girma, halin rashin zaman lafiya;
3. Yayinda ake amfani da ruwan inabi ga 95% tare da rashin matuƙar berries a cikin goga;
4. A kanji, yawanci, fiye da 'ya'yan itace 60;
5. Girma sosai a farkon girbe (kwanaki 105 daga farkon kakar girma);
6. Babban kayayyaki da cinikin kasuwanci;
7. Nobility da tsaftacewa na dandano;
8. Good portability na sufuri da ajiya har zuwa 3 watanni bayan cire;
9. Kyakkyawan inganci na inganci na samfur a cikin aikin zaɓi;
10. Sensitivity zuwa canje-canje a cikin yanayi, sauyin yanayi, hot winters (marigayi marigayi - dalilin fis berries);
11. Rashin kwance ga kwayoyin cuta na kowane nau'i, mai yiwuwa ga bacteriosis da ciwon daji na kwayan cuta;
12. Yana buƙatar fasahar noma.

Yana da muhimmanci: Bugu da ƙari, zabi na gefen rana, ƙasa mai laushi, loams masu haske ko toka sandy sun fi dacewa da iri-iri.

Ayyukan iyaye

Halin da ya dace da kuma dandano wannan nau'in ya zama abu mai mahimmanci na aikin zaɓi. An janyo hankalin "Cardinal" a matsayin iyalan iyaye a cikin wata biyu don canzawa zuwa sabon samfurin kayayyaki (girman berries, dandano, ƙanshi).

Girgijewa a kan samfurin sanyi yana ba ka damar fadada yankin noma na wannan amfanin gona, yana ba da 'ya'yan itace ingantaccen bayyanar da halaye.

Wannan ra'ayin yana dauke da makamai daga ma'aikatan Zonal Experimental a birnin Anaba.

A sakamakon haye su ya fito da wasu alamomin 16 masu alamar alkawarin bisa "Cardinal", inganta yanayin sanyi da juriya da kamuwa da cuta tare da naman gwari.

An riga an sayar da wasu samfurori a cikin gonaki da gonakin inabin, kuma har ma sun samu noma masana'antu a Arewacin Caucasus, bayan an hada su a cikin Littafin Jihar.

Hanyoyi iri-iri na hybrids bred akan 'yan jari-hujja "Kriulyansky" (Moldavian sanyi-resistant iri-iri) da "Cardinal":

"Cardinal" a kan kasar Rasha

Idan a cikin yanayin kudancin kudancin Crimea da ke California ya sauke da sauri, zai yiwu ya cigaba da shi tare da Volga, har zuwa Saratov, kawai saboda godiyar da ke tattare da interspecific, wanda ya ba da:

1. Bambanci "Anapsky na Cardinal" ("AZOS Cardinal", "Cardinal AZOSiV", "Cardinal Lux", "Cardinal Sustainable") - 'ya'yan inabi tare da nauyin halayen sanannen' 'Amirka' da 'Yancin Moldovan wadanda ke da amfani a cikin yanayin rikici na Rasha karkashin sunan "Criuleni".
   Taimako: Late-ripening tebur iri-iri tare da ruwan hoda berries - "Criulyanskiy" yana da juriya rayuwa ba tare da tsari a cikin m winters a yanayin zafi kamar yadda low as -28 ° C. Amma har ma mafi mahimmanci: yana da damuwa ga cututtuka na putrid, gizo-gizo mites har ma phylloxera.

   A nan ne aka yi "Cardinal Anapsky" daga iyaye:

   • matsakaitaccen ripening;
   • karfi girma na bushes;
   • high yawan amfanin ƙasa (iyakar - 130 c / ha);
   • jure wa cututtuka (maki 3.5);
   • rashin haƙuri mai zurfi (har zuwa -22 ° C);
   • 'ya'yan itace' ya'yan itace bunches har zuwa 1 kg;
   • matsakaici matsakaici;
   • berries (daga duhu ruwan hoda, ja zuwa blue blue, kusan baki) yin la'akari har zuwa 9 g.
   • sugar abun ciki har zuwa 21% (na "Cardinal" - 18%);
   • dandano mai kyau - maki 8.7.



2. Bambanci "Katin Cardinal Crimean" (K-81) - daya daga cikin siffofin iyali "Cardinal" x "Kriulyansky", wanda aka kafa a Crimea.

   Bayan ci gaba da nasarorin da aka samu na takwaransa na Anapa (juriya na sanyi da kuma juriya na cutar - maki 3.5), dangin dangin Crimean ya samu:

   • a baya maturation (105 days);
   • m launi na manyan berries;
   • mafi girma mafi mahimmanci na dandano nutmeg;
   • Ƙara yawan taro na matsakaici - fiye da kilogram;
   • rage rage cin nasara - 8.1.

Last tip

1. Rubutun launi, irin su Alexander da Lily na kwari, sukan sha wahala daga tsuntsaye kuma suna dushe lokacin da suke cikakke. Kare lafiyar ku, ya kamata ku kula da tsari na cibiyar sadarwa mai kyau na dukan bishiyoyi ko jaka na nau'i na gauze-nau'in ga kowane goga;
2. Ga "nau'in Cardinal Californian", asalin kowane sabon seedling kuma yadda aka cika tare da sayan yana da mahimmanci.. Hakika, maƙaryacin abokin gaba na inabõbi - phylloxera yana cikin tasirin canja wuri. Domin interspecific hybrids AZOS, wannan barazana ba haka mummunan ba. Zai yiwu wannan shine dalilin da ya sa mabaninmu suna da yawa suna neman dasa kayan cikin wannan nau'in.

Kasashen da ke kan yanar-gizon suna tattaunawa sosai game da noma "Cardinal Anapsky" a kudancin Urals da Siberia. Watakila a cikin nan gaba, masu bincike na kasa za su fara girma daga baki daga California a kan makircinsu.